1
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Kumar R. Decennary Update on Oxidative-Rearrangement Involving 1,2-Aryl C-C Migration Around Alkenes: Synthetic and Mechanistic Insights. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202400053. [PMID: 38741472 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, numerous methodologies on oxidative rearrangements of alkenes have been investigated, that produce multipurpose synthons and heterocyclic scaffolds of potential applications. The present review focused on recently established methodologies for oxidative transformation via 1,2-aryl migration in alkenes (2013-2023). Special emphasis has been placed on mechanistic pathways to understand the reactivity pattern of different substrates, challenges to enhance selectivity, the key role of different reagents, and effect of different substituents, and how they affect the rearrangement process. Moreover, synthetic limitations and future direction also have been discussed. We believe, this review offers new synthetic and mechanistic insight to develop elegant precursors and approaches to explore the utilization of alkene-based compounds for natural product synthesis and functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133207, Haryana (India
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2
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Jadhav AP, Legault CY. Oxidative hydrolysis of aliphatic bromoalkenes: scope study and reactivity insights. Beilstein J Org Chem 2024; 20:1286-1291. [PMID: 38887587 PMCID: PMC11181184 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.20.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
We have developed an operationally simple method for the synthesis of dialkyl α-bromoketones from bromoalkenes by utilizing a hypervalent iodine-catalyzed oxidative hydrolysis reaction. This catalytic process provides both symmetrical and unsymmetrical dialkyl bromoketones with moderate yields across a broad range of bromoalkene substrates. Our studies also reveal the formation of Ritter-type side products by an alternative reaction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amol P Jadhav
- Department of Chemistry, Centre in Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Claude Y Legault
- Department of Chemistry, Centre in Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
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3
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Singh V, Kumar D, Mishra BK, Tiwari B. Iodobenzene-Catalyzed Synthesis of Fully Functionalized NH-Pyrazoles and Isoxazoles from α,β-Unsaturated Hydrazones and Oximes via 1,2-Aryl Shift. Org Lett 2024; 26:385-389. [PMID: 38150709 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c04057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
An iodine(III)-catalyzed general method for the synthesis of fully functionalized NH-pyrazoles and isoxazoles from α,β-unsaturated hydrazones and oximes, respectively, via cyclization/1,2-aryl shift/aromatization/detosylation, has been developed. The reaction progresses through an anti-Baldwin 5-endo-trig cyclization. It gives direct access to an advanced intermediate for the preparation of valdecoxib and parecoxib, drugs used for COX-inhibition. In addition, a method for N-alkynylation of pyrazoles has also been developed in the presence of TIPS-EBX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikram Singh
- Department of Biological and Synthetic Chemistry, Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS-Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Biological and Synthetic Chemistry, Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS-Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Bal Krishna Mishra
- Department of Biological and Synthetic Chemistry, Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS-Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Bhoopendra Tiwari
- Department of Biological and Synthetic Chemistry, Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS-Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, India
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4
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Varala R, Seema V, Alam MM, Dubasi N, Vummadi RD. Iodoxybenzoic Acid (IBX) in Organic Synthesis: A Septennial Review. Curr Org Synth 2024; 21:607-664. [PMID: 37861006 DOI: 10.2174/0115701794263252230924074035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
This study reviews the oxidative applications of 2-iodoxybenzoic acid (IBX) in organic synthesis, focusing on C-H functionalization, hetero-hetero bond formations, ring cleavage reactions, dehydrogenation, heterocyclic ring formations, and some miscellaneous reactions in a comprehensive and critical way. It compiles the literature starting from mid-2015 to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Varala
- Scrips Pharma, Mallapur, Hyderabad, 500 076, Telangana, India
| | - Vittal Seema
- Department of Chemistry, RGUKT Basar, Mudhole 504 107, Telangana, India
| | - Mohammed Mujahid Alam
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Rama Devi Vummadi
- Department of Chemistry, Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology (CBIT), Gandipet, Hyderabad, 500075, Telangana, India
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5
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Pan C, Wang L, Han J. Diaryliodonium Salts Enabled Arylation, Arylocyclization, and Aryl-Migration. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202300138. [PMID: 37249418 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Our research interest focusing on synthetic methodology with diaryliodonium salts, is summarized in this account. Besides employing a dual activation strategy of C-I and ortho C-H bonds, we have introduced vicinal functional groups at ortho-positions of diaryliodonium salts, in which their unique reactivities have been explored in various processes, including arylation, diarylation, cascade annulation, benzocyclization, arylocyclization, and intramolecular aryl migration. The variety of mechanisms of these reactions that involves either transition metals, especially palladium in organometallic catalysis, or transition-metal free conditions, were discussed in the context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Pan
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Department of Fine Chemistry and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Limin Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Department of Fine Chemistry and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Jianwei Han
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Department of Fine Chemistry and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
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6
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Li Q, Liu XB, Wang H. Iodine(III)-Mediated Migratory gem-Difluorinations: Synthesis of β Transformable Functionality Substituted gem-Difluoroalkanes. CHEM REC 2023:e202300231. [PMID: 37665225 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Geminal-difluoroalkanes featuring intriguing steric and electronic properties are of great significance in medicinal chemistry, and great progresses have been achieved for their synthesis. In recent years, iodine(III) reagent-mediated migratory gem-difluorination of alkenes has proved to be an efficient and powerful strategy to access to diverse gem-difluoroalkanes, especially those bearing a readily transformable functionality (TF), which are important for rapid assembly of complex gem-difluorinated molecules in a modular and diverse manner. In this review, we systematically summarize the recent development of iodine(III)-mediated migratory gem-difluorination reactions for the synthesis of gem-difluoroalkanes bearing a synthetically versatile TF at the β position. The reaction mechanism and the utilities of the products are also discussed. This review is presented and grouped basically according to the types of transformable functionalities within the products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingjiang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Bin Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Honggen Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
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7
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He J, Du FH, Zhang C, Du Y. Chemoselective cycloisomerization of O-alkenylbenzamides via concomitant 1,2-aryl migration/elimination mediated by hypervalent iodine reagents. Commun Chem 2023; 6:126. [PMID: 37330613 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-00930-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
As an ambident nucleophile, controlling the reaction selectivities of nitrogen and oxygen atoms in amide moiety is a challenging issue in organic synthesis. Herein, we present a chemodivergent cycloisomerization approach to construct isoquinolinone and iminoisocoumarin skeletons from o-alkenylbenzamide derivatives. The chemo-controllable strategy employed an exclusive 1,2-aryl migration/elimination cascade, enabled by different hypervalent iodine species generated in situ from the reaction of iodosobenzene (PhIO) with MeOH or 2,4,6-tris-isopropylbenzene sulfonic acid. DFT studies revealed that the nitrogen and oxygen atoms of the intermediates in the two reaction systems have different nucleophilicities and thus produce the selectivity of N or O-attack modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin He
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China
| | - Feng-Huan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, The Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China.
| | - Yunfei Du
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072, Tianjin, China.
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8
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Kwesiga G, Greese J, Kelling A, Sperlich E, Schmidt B. The Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling-Claisen Rearrangement-Cross-Metathesis Approach to Prenylated Isoflavones. J Org Chem 2023; 88:1649-1664. [PMID: 36633349 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Isoflavones were synthesized via Suzuki-Miyaura coupling of 3-iodochromones and para-methoxybenzene- and para-phenolboronic acid. In our hands, conditions commonly used for similar cross couplings turned out to be unsuccessful or difficult to reproduce, for example, due to the unplanned partial cleavage of MOM-protecting groups. Using Pd(dba)2 as a precatalyst and tricyclohexylphosphine as an activating ligand, reliable cross-coupling conditions were identified. In all cases, notably higher yields of isoflavones were obtained with para-phenolboronic acid than with para-methoxybenzene boronic acid. This observation and the commercial availability of para-phenolboronic acid suggest that for the synthesis of the important 3'-prenyl- or 3',5'-diprenylisoflavone substitution pattern a synthetic route that introduces the prenyl substituents after the Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling step, thereby avoiding laborious and protecting-group-intensive multistep syntheses of C-prenylated arene boronic acids, is advantageous.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Kwesiga
- Universitaet Potsdam, Institut fuer Chemie, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Kabale University, P.O. Box 317, Kabale, Uganda
| | - Julia Greese
- Universitaet Potsdam, Institut fuer Chemie, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Alexandra Kelling
- Universitaet Potsdam, Institut fuer Chemie, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Eric Sperlich
- Universitaet Potsdam, Institut fuer Chemie, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Bernd Schmidt
- Universitaet Potsdam, Institut fuer Chemie, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
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9
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Vittal S, Mujahid Alam M, Hussien M, Amanullah M, Pisal PM, Ravi V. Applications of Phenyliodine(III)diacetate in C−H Functionalization and Hetero‐Hetero Bond Formations: A Septennial Update. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Seema Vittal
- Department of Chemistry RGUKT Basar Mudhole 504107, Nirmal, Telangana India
| | - Mohammed Mujahid Alam
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science King Khalid University, PO Box 9004 Abha 61413 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Hussien
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science King Khalid University, PO Box 9004 Abha 61413 Saudi Arabia
- Pesticide Formulation Department Central Agricultural Pesticide Laboratory, ARC, Dokki Giza 12618 Egypt
| | - Mohammed Amanullah
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College Medicine King Khalid University, PO Box 9004 Abha 61413 Saudi Arabia
| | - Parshuram M. Pisal
- School of Chemical Science Punyashlok Ahilyadevi Holkar Solapur University Solapur 413255, Maharashtra India
| | - Varala Ravi
- Scrips Pharma, Mallapur Hyderabad 500076, Telangana India
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10
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Phenyliodine(III)diacetate (PIDA): Applications in Organic Synthesis. ORGANICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/org4010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the hypervalent iodines most widely used as an oxidizing agent in organic chemistry is (diacetoxyiodo)benzene (PhI(OAc)2), also known as (DAIB), phenyliodine(III) diacetate (PIDA). In this septennial mini-review, the authors have concisely and systematically presented representative applications of PIDA in organic synthesis involving C-H functionalization, hetero-hetero bond formations, heterocyclic ring construction, rearrangements or migrations and miscellaneous reactions along with their interesting mechanistic aspects starting from the summer of 2015 to the present.
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11
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Juneau A, Lepage I, Sabbah SG, Winter AH, Frenette M. Mechanistic Insight into Phenol Dearomatization by Hypervalent Iodine: Direct Detection of a Phenoxenium Cation. J Org Chem 2022; 87:14274-14283. [PMID: 36215691 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Phenol dearomatization is one of several oxidation reactions enabled by hypervalent iodine reagents. However, the presence of a proposed free phenoxenium intermediate in phenol dearomatization is a matter of debate in the literature. Here, we report the unambiguous detection of a free phenoxenium intermediate in the reaction of an electron-rich phenol, 2,4,6-trimethoxyphenol, and (diacetoxyiodo)benzene using UV-vis and resonance Raman spectroscopies. In contrast, we predominantly detect single electron oxidation products of less electron-rich phenols or alkoxy-substituted aromatics in their reaction with (diacetoxyiodo)benzene using UV-vis and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopies. We conclude that the often-postulated free phenoxenium intermediate, while possible with highly stabilizing substituents, is unlikely to be a general mechanistic pathway in the reaction of typical phenols with hypervalent iodine reagents. The polar solvent 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) or the use of more strongly oxidizing hypervalent iodine reagents, such as [bis(trifluoroacetoxy)iodo]benzene (PIFA) or [hydroxy(tosyloxy)iodo]benzene (HTIB), can help reduce the formation of radical byproducts and favors the formation of phenoxenium intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Juneau
- Department of Chemistry, Quebec Centre for Advanced Materials and NanoQAM, Université du Québec à Montréal, Case Postale 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Iannick Lepage
- Department of Chemistry, Quebec Centre for Advanced Materials and NanoQAM, Université du Québec à Montréal, Case Postale 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Sami G Sabbah
- Department of Chemistry, Quebec Centre for Advanced Materials and NanoQAM, Université du Québec à Montréal, Case Postale 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Arthur H Winter
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, 1605 Gilman Hall, Ames, Iowa 50010, United States
| | - Mathieu Frenette
- Department of Chemistry, Quebec Centre for Advanced Materials and NanoQAM, Université du Québec à Montréal, Case Postale 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3P8, Canada
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12
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He J, Zhang J, Li X, Shi H, Du Y. Aryl iodine-catalysed divergent synthesis of isobenzofuranones and isocoumarins via oxidative 1,2-aryl migration/elimination. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:9096-9099. [PMID: 35876812 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc03101a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The divergent synthesis of isobenzofuranones and isocoumarins was realized from the reaction of 2-alkenyl benzoic acids and mCPBA in the presence of catalytic aryl iodine and (±)-10-camphorsulfonic acid (CSA). The organocatalytic oxidative reaction is assumed to undergo a cascade process involving lactonization, 1,2-aryl migration and elimination enabled by a modified Koser reagent generated in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin He
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Jingran Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Xuemin Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Haofeng Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Yunfei Du
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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13
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Mandal S, Pramanik A. Synthesis of Hydroxylated Polycyclic Pyrrolo/Indolo[1,2- a]quinoxaline-Fused Lactam Derivatives via PhI(OAc) 2-Promoted 1,2-Bond Migration and Solvent Insertion. J Org Chem 2022; 87:9282-9295. [PMID: 35786893 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PhI(OAc)2-mediated ring expansion via 1,2-bond migration and concurrent solvent insertion generate hydroxylated polycyclic pyrrolo/indolo[1,2-a]quinoxaline-fused lactam derivatives in a highly diastereoselective fashion from spiro-fused quinoxalines in good-to-excellent yield. X-ray crystal structure analysis reveals that the polycyclic lactams are nonplanar molecules devoid of any symmetry as they possess one or two axially chiral biaryl or N-arylindolyl bridges along with one chiral center at the bridgehead carbon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhro Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92, A. P. C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Animesh Pramanik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92, A. P. C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
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14
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Li J, Liu B, Hu Y, Li X, Huo Y, Chen Q. Hypervalent iodine-induced disulfenylation of thiophene derivatives with thiophenols. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.154041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Late‐Stage Dehydroxyazidation of Alcohols Promoted by Trifunctional Hypervalent Azido‐Iodine(III) Reagents. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200272. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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16
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Tang P, Wen L, Ma HJ, Yang Y, Jiang Y. Synthesis of acyloxy-2 H-azirine and sulfonyloxy-2 H-azirine derivatives via a one-pot reaction of β-enamino esters, PIDA and carboxylic acid or sulfonic acid. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:3061-3066. [PMID: 35344576 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00364c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PIDA mediated oxidative acyloxylation/azirination and sulfonyloxylation/azirination of β-enamino esters were investigated. A series of functionalized acyloxy-2H-azirine and sulfonyloxy-2H-azirine derivatives was synthesized in moderate to good yields. This represents the first oxidative sulfonyloxylation/azirination of β-enamino esters with PIDA and sulfonic acid for access to sulfonyloxy-2H-azirine. Hypervalent iodine reagents enable cascade C-O/C-N bond formation. Furthermore, a possible reaction pathway was proposed based on the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Tang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China.
| | - Long Wen
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China.
| | - Hao-Jie Ma
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China.
| | - Yi Yang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China.
| | - Yan Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China.
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17
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Kumar R, Kamal R, Kumar V, Parkash J. Bifunctionalization of α,β-unsaturated diaryl ketones into α-aryl-β,β-ditosyloxy ketones: Single crystal XRD, DFT, FMOs, molecular electrostatic potential, hirshfeld surface analysis, and 3D-energy frameworks. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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18
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Ren J, Jia MC, Du FH, Zhang C. A general method for one-step synthesis of monofluoroiodane(III) reagents using silver difluoride. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.01.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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19
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Kamal R, Omkar, Kumar V, Kumar R. Hydroxy(tosyloxy)iodobenzene (HTIB): A Convenient Oxidizing Agent for the Synthesis of Heterocycles. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raj Kamal
- Department of Chemistry Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra- 136119 Haryana India
| | - Omkar
- Department of Chemistry Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra- 136119 Haryana India
| | - Vipan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra- 136119 Haryana India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry Mukand Lal National College Yamunanagar Haryana 135001 India
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20
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Patel BK, Dahiya A, Sahoo AK, Chakraborty N, Das B. Updates on hypervalent-iodine reagents in metal-free organic synthesis. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:2005-2027. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02233d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hypervalent iodine (HVI) chemistry is a rapidly growing subdomain of contemporary organic chemistry because of its enormous synthetic applications. The high nucleofugality of the phenyliodonio group (I+Ph) and their radical...
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21
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Zhifang Y, Yifu C, Beibei Z, Yunyi D, Chi H, Yunfei D. Oxidative Rearrangement Reactions Mediated by Hypervalent-Iodine Reagents. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202206039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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22
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Sperlich E, Kelling A, Kwesiga G, Schmidt B. Intermolecular interactions in the solid-state structures of isoflavones: the relationship between supramolecular structure, torsion angle, and macroscopic properties. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce00169a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The different macroscopic properties of closely related isoflavones were associated with the occurrence of intermolecular interactions and different torsion angles in the solid-state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Sperlich
- Institut fuer Chemie, Universitaet Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Alexandra Kelling
- Institut fuer Chemie, Universitaet Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - George Kwesiga
- Institut fuer Chemie, Universitaet Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Bernd Schmidt
- Institut fuer Chemie, Universitaet Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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23
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Belen’kii LI, Gazieva GA, Evdokimenkova YB, Soboleva NO. The literature of heterocyclic chemistry, Part XX, 2020. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aihch.2022.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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24
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Dadkhah Aseman M, Nikravesh M, Abbasi A, Shahsavari HR. Oxidative Addition of a Hypervalent Iodine Compound to Cycloplatinated(II) Complexes for the C-O Bond Construction: Effect of Cyclometalated Ligands. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:18822-18831. [PMID: 34855391 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The complex [PtMe(Obpy)(OAc)2(H2O)], 2a, Obpy = 2,2'-bipyridine N-oxide, is prepared through the reaction of [PtMe(Obpy)(SMe2)], 1a, by 1 equiv of PhI(OAc)2 via an oxidative addition (OA) reaction. Pt(IV) complex 2a attends the process of C-O bond reductive elimination (RE) reaction to form methyl acetate and corresponding Pt(II) complex [Pt(Obpy)(OAc)(H2O)], 3a. The kinetic of OA and RE reactions are investigated by means of different spectroscopies. The obtained results show that the reaction rates of OA step of 1a are faster than its analogous complex [PtMe(ppy)(SMe2)], 1b, ppy = 2-phenylpyridine. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations signify that the OA reaction initiated by a nucleophilic attack of the platinum(II) central atom of 1b on the iodine(III) atom while it had commenced by a nucleophilic substitution reaction of coordinated SMe2 in 1a with a carbonyl oxygen atom of PhI(OAc)2. Our calculation revealed that the key step for 1a is an acetate transfer from the I(III) to Pt(II) through a formation of square pyramidal iodonium complex. This can be attributed to the more electron-withdrawing character of Obpy ligand than to ppy which reduces the nucleophilicity of Pt atom in 1a. Furthermore, 2a with electron-withdrawing Obpy ligand prone to C-O bond formation faster than complex [PtMe(ppy)(OAc)2(H2O)], 2b, with an electron-rich ppy ligand which conforms to the anticipation that REs occur faster on electron-poor metal centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Dadkhah Aseman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-175, Tehran 15719-14911, Iran
| | - Mahshid Nikravesh
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Alireza Abbasi
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14155-6455, Tehran 14155-6455, Iran
| | - Hamid R Shahsavari
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
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25
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Zhang B, Li X, Li X, Yu Z, Zhao B, Wang X, Du Y, Zhao K. An Interrupted Pummerer Reaction Mediated by a Hypervalent Iodine(III) Reagent: In Situ Formation of RSCl and Its Application for the Synthesis of 3-Sulfenylated Indoles. J Org Chem 2021; 86:17274-17281. [PMID: 34806887 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
An interrupted Pummerer reaction of PhICl2 and sulfoxides was found to in situ generate reactive organosulfenyl chloride, which enabled the intramolecular electrophilic cyclization of 2-alkynylanilines, generating 3-sulfenylated indole with a good to excellent yield under metal-free conditions. One striking feature of the approach is that sulfoxide regeneration can be realized via the oxidation of the formed sulfides by the generated hypervalent iodine species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xuemin Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiaoxian Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhenyang Yu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Bingyue Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiaofan Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yunfei Du
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Kang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
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26
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Yang Z, Zhou Y, Li H, Lei J, Bing P, He B, Li Y. A Facile Route to Pyrazolo[1,2‐a]cinnoline via Rhodium(III)‐catalyzed Annulation of Pyrazolidinoes and Iodonium Ylides. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zi Yang
- Academician Workstation Changsha Medical University Changsha 410219 P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Academician Workstation Changsha Medical University Changsha 410219 P. R. China
| | - Haigang Li
- Academician Workstation Changsha Medical University Changsha 410219 P. R. China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations Changsha Medical University Changsha 410219 P. R. China
| | - Jieni Lei
- Academician Workstation Changsha Medical University Changsha 410219 P. R. China
| | - Pingping Bing
- Academician Workstation Changsha Medical University Changsha 410219 P. R. China
| | - Binsheng He
- Academician Workstation Changsha Medical University Changsha 410219 P. R. China
| | - Yaqian Li
- Academician Workstation Changsha Medical University Changsha 410219 P. R. China
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27
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Taily IM, Saha D, Banerjee P. Arylcyclopropane yet in its infancy: the challenges and recent advances in its functionalization. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:8627-8645. [PMID: 34549770 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01432c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Electronically unbiased arylcyclopropane functionalization has always been a challenge to organic chemists, and the emergence of donor-acceptor cyclopropanes (DACs) has not only vehemently overshadowed them but still dominates the cyclopropane chemistry. Unlike DACs, the absence of pre-installed functional groups makes it harder for them to activate and participate in a reaction. The field has witnessed considerably slow progress since its inception due to the inherent challenges. There are only a few strategies available to open arylcyclopropanes. Therefore, this work is still in its infancy stage in spite of these materials being one of the earliest known type of cyclopropanes. This review manifests the history, endeavors, and achievements alongside the associated challenges, opportunities, and the need for concerted efforts to accomplish the long-awaited golden age of arylcyclopropanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irshad Maajid Taily
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Ropar, Nangal Road, Rupnagar, Punjab-140001, India.
| | - Debarshi Saha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Ropar, Nangal Road, Rupnagar, Punjab-140001, India.
| | - Prabal Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Ropar, Nangal Road, Rupnagar, Punjab-140001, India.
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28
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Khan A, Silva LF, Rabnawaz M. Iodine(III)‐Promoted Ring Expansion Reactions: A Metal‐Free Approach toward Seven‐Membered Heterocyclic Rings. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ajmir Khan
- School of Packaging Michigan State University 448 Wilson Road East Lansing MI 48824-1223 USA
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry Institute of Chemistry University of São Paulo Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748 São Paulo SP CEP 05508-000 Brazil
| | - Luiz F. Silva
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry Institute of Chemistry University of São Paulo Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748 São Paulo SP CEP 05508-000 Brazil
| | - Muhammad Rabnawaz
- School of Packaging Michigan State University 448 Wilson Road East Lansing MI 48824-1223 USA
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29
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Kwesiga G, Sperlich E, Schmidt B. Scope and Applications of 2,3-Oxidative Aryl Rearrangements for the Synthesis of Isoflavone Natural Products. J Org Chem 2021; 86:10699-10712. [PMID: 34313125 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of flavanones with hypervalent iodine reagents was investigated with a view to the synthesis of naturally occurring isoflavones. In contrast to several previous reports in the literature, we did not observe the formation of any benzofurans via a ring contraction pathway, but could isolate only isoflavones, resulting from an oxidative 2,3-aryl rearrangement, and flavones, resulting from an oxidation of the flavanones. Although the 2,3-oxidative rearrangement allows a synthetically useful approach toward some isoflavone natural products due to the convenient accessibility of the required starting materials, the overall synthetic utility and generality of the reaction appear to be more limited than previous literature reports suggest.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Kwesiga
- Universitaet Potsdam, Institut fuer Chemie, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Eric Sperlich
- Universitaet Potsdam, Institut fuer Chemie, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Bernd Schmidt
- Universitaet Potsdam, Institut fuer Chemie, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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30
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Bhoyare VW, Tathe AG, Das A, Chintawar CC, Patil NT. The interplay of carbophilic activation and Au(I)/Au(III) catalysis: an emerging technique for 1,2-difunctionalization of C-C multiple bonds. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:10422-10450. [PMID: 34323240 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00700e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Gold complexes have emerged as the catalysts of choice for various functionalization reactions of C-C multiple bonds due to their inherent carbophilic nature. In a parallel space, efforts to realize less accessible cross-coupling reactivity have led to the development of various strategies that facilitate the arduous Au(i)/Au(iii) redox cycle. The interplay of the two important reactivity modes encountered in gold catalysis, namely carbophilic activation and Au(i)/Au(iii) catalysis, has allowed the development of a novel mechanistic paradigm that sponsors 1,2-difunctionalization reactions of various C-C multiple bonds. Interestingly, the reactivity as well as selectivity obtained through this interplay could be complementary to that obtained by the use of various other transition metals that mainly involved the classical oxidative addition/migratory insertion pathways. The present review shall comprehensively cover all the 1,2-difunctionalization reactions of C-C multiple bonds that have been realized by the interplay of the two important reactivity modes and categorized on the basis of the method that has been employed to foster the Au(i)/Au(iii) redox cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek W Bhoyare
- India Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal - 462 066, India.
| | - Akash G Tathe
- India Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal - 462 066, India.
| | - Avishek Das
- India Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal - 462 066, India.
| | - Chetan C Chintawar
- India Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal - 462 066, India.
| | - Nitin T Patil
- India Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal - 462 066, India.
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31
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Zhang J, Jalil A, He J, Yu Z, Cheng Y, Li G, Du Y, Zhao K. Lactonization with concomitant 1,2-aryl migration and alkoxylation mediated by dialkoxyphenyl iodides generated in situ. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:7426-7429. [PMID: 34231573 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03110d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of alkoxylated isobenzofuranones were conveniently synthesized from the reaction of 2-(1-arylvinyl)benzoic acids with PhI(OR)2, generated in situ from the reaction of iodosobenzene (PhIO) with alkyl alcohols. This hypervalent iodine mediated one-pot transformation is postulated to undergo a cascade reaction involving lactonization, 1,2-aryl migration and alkoxylation processes. The organocatalytic and chiral organoiodine-catalyzed asymmetric reactions of the current transformation were also probed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingran Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Ayesha Jalil
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Jiaxin He
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Zhenyang Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Yifu Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Guangchen Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Yunfei Du
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Kang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China.
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32
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Aniline‐Type Hypervalent Iodine(III) for Intramolecular Cyclization via C−H Bond Abstraction of Hydrocarbons Containing N‐ and O‐Nucleophiles. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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33
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Abdolalian P, Tizhoush SK, Farshadfar K, Ariafard A. The role of hypervalent iodine(iii) reagents in promoting alkoxylation of unactivated C(sp 3)-H bonds catalyzed by palladium(ii) complexes. Chem Sci 2021; 12:7185-7195. [PMID: 34123345 PMCID: PMC8153247 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01230d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Although Pd(OAc)2-catalysed alkoxylation of the C(sp3)-H bonds mediated by hypervalent iodine(iii) reagents (ArIX2) has been developed by several prominent researchers, there is no clear mechanism yet for such crucial transformations. In this study, we shed light on this important issue with the aid of the density functional theory (DFT) calculations for alkoxylation of butyramide derivatives. We found that the previously proposed mechanism in the literature is not consistent with the experimental observations and thus cannot be operating. The calculations allowed us to discover an unprecedented mechanism composed of four main steps as follows: (i) activation of the C(sp3)-H bond, (ii) oxidative addition, (iii) reductive elimination and (iv) regeneration of the active catalyst. After completion of step (i) via the CMD mechanism, the oxidative addition commences with an X ligand transfer from the iodine(iii) reagent (ArIX2) to Pd(ii) to form a square pyramidal complex in which an iodonium occupies the apical position. Interestingly, a simple isomerization of the resultant five-coordinate complex triggers the Pd(ii) oxidation. Accordingly, the movement of the ligand trans to the Pd-C(sp3) bond to the apical position promotes the electron transfer from Pd(ii) to iodine(iii), resulting in the reduction of iodine(iii) concomitant with the ejection of the second X ligand as a free anion. The ensuing Pd(iv) complex then undergoes the C-O reductive elimination by nucleophilic attack of the solvent (alcohol) on the sp3 carbon via an outer-sphere SN2 mechanism assisted by the X- anion. Noteworthy, starting from the five coordinate complex, the oxidative addition and reductive elimination processes occur with a very low activation barrier (ΔG ‡ 0-6 kcal mol-1). The strong coordination of the alkoxylated product to the Pd(ii) centre causes the regeneration of the active catalyst, i.e. step (iv), to be considerably endergonic, leading to subsequent catalytic cycles to proceed with a much higher activation barrier than the first cycle. We also found that although, in most cases, the alkoxylation reactions proceed via a Pd(ii)-Pd(iv)-Pd(ii) catalytic cycle, the other alternative in which the oxidation state of the Pd(ii) centre remains unchanged during the catalysis could be operative, depending on the nature of the organic substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payam Abdolalian
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University Central Tehran Branch, Poonak Tehran 1469669191 Iran
| | - Samaneh K Tizhoush
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University Central Tehran Branch, Poonak Tehran 1469669191 Iran
| | - Kaveh Farshadfar
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University Central Tehran Branch, Poonak Tehran 1469669191 Iran
| | - Alireza Ariafard
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University Central Tehran Branch, Poonak Tehran 1469669191 Iran
- School of Natural Sciences - Chemistry, University of Tasmania Private Bag 75 Hobart TAS 7001 Australia
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34
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Wang X, Yang P, Hu B, Zhang Q, Li D. Hypervalent Iodine Reagent-Promoted Hofmann-Type Rearrangement/Carboxylation of Primary Amides. J Org Chem 2021; 86:2820-2826. [PMID: 33439647 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A novel transformation of primary amides to secondary amides promoted by hypervalent iodine reagents was developed. The hypervalent iodine reagent-mediated Hofmann-type rearrangement generated an isocyanate intermediate, which was subsequently trapped by an in situ generated carboxylic acid from the hypervalent iodine reagent to provide the corresponding secondary amides. This method provided a facile and efficient route for the synthesis of secondary amides from primary amides and also revealed novel reactivities of hypervalent iodine reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Peng Yang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Bo Hu
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Dong Li
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Drug Synthesis and Optimization, Jingchu University of Technology, Jingmen 448000, China
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35
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Laha JK, Singh N, Hunjan MK. Synthesis of unsymmetrical urea from aryl- or pyridyl carboxamides and aminopyridines using PhI(OAc) 2via in situ formation of aryl- or pyridyl isocyanates. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj03160k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of unsymmetrical ureas (N-aryl-N′-pyridylurea and N,N′-bipyridylurea) from aryl- or pyridyl carboxamides and aminopyridines in the presence of PhI(OAc)2 has been reported. The formation of pyridylisocyanates from their corresponding carboxamides via Hofmann rearrangement is confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joydev K. Laha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Process Chemistry), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Neha Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Process Chemistry), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Mandeep Kaur Hunjan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Process Chemistry), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
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36
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Zhang D, Shao Y, Zheng H, Zhou B, Xue XS. Mechanistic Study on the Bidentate Nitrogen-Ligated Iodine(V) Reagent Promoted Oxidative Dearomatization of Phenols. ACTA CHIMICA SINICA 2021. [DOI: 10.6023/a21080358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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37
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Du Y, Hou J, Lu Q, Hao W, Yu W, Chang J. Iodine-mediated 1,2-aryl migration of primary benzhydryl amines. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj02932k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This iodine-mediated 1,2-aryl migration reaction of primary amines is transition-metal-free and operationally simple, and can be conducted on a gram scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangxu Du
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, China
| | - Jiao Hou
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, China
| | - Qing Lu
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, China
| | - Wei Hao
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, China
| | - Wenquan Yu
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, China
| | - Junbiao Chang
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, China
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