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Wang R, Li M, Sun K, Zhang Y, Li J, Bao W. Element-Doped Mxenes: Mechanism, Synthesis, and Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2201740. [PMID: 35532321 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202201740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Heteroatom doping can endow MXenes with various new or improved electromagnetic, physicochemical, optical, and structural properties. This greatly extends the arsenal of MXenes materials and their potential for a spectrum of applications. This article comprehensively and critically discusses the syntheses, properties, and emerging applications of the growing family of heteroatom-doped MXenes materials. First, the doping strategies, synthesis methods, and theoretical simulations of high-performance MXenes materials are summarized. In order to achieve high-performance MXenes materials, the mechanism of atomic element doping from three aspects of lattice optimization, functional substitution, and interface modification is analyzed and summarized, aiming to provide clues for developing new and controllable synthetic routes. The mechanisms underlying their advantageous uses for energy storage, catalysis, sensors, environmental purification and biomedicine are highlighted. Finally, future opportunities and challenges for the study and application of multifunctional high-performance MXenes are presented. This work could open up new prospects for the development of high-performance MXenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronghao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Muhan Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Kaiwen Sun
- Australian Centre for Advanced Photovoltaics, School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Jingfa Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Weizhai Bao
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
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Zhang X, Wang T, Zhang C, Zou Y, Ren J, Cai P, Sun C, Yang D. Effect of local coordination on catalytic activities and selectivities of Fe-based catalysts for N2 reduction. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:14517-14524. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05140g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical reduction of nitrogen is considered as a promising route for achieving green and sustainable ammonia synthesis at ambient conditions. Transition metal atom loaded on N-doped graphene is commonly used...
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Zhao E, Du K, Yin P, Ran J, Mao J, Ling T, Qiao S. Advancing Photoelectrochemical Energy Conversion through Atomic Design of Catalysts. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2104363. [PMID: 34850603 PMCID: PMC8728826 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202104363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Powered by inexhaustible solar energy, photoelectrochemical (PEC) hydrogen/ammonia production and reduction of carbon dioxide to high added-value chemicals in eco-friendly and mild conditions provide a highly attractive solution to carbon neutrality. Recently, substantial advances have been achieved in PEC systems by improving light absorption and charge separation/transfer in PEC devices. However, less attention is given to the atomic design of photoelectrocatalysts to facilitate the final catalytic reactions occurring at photoelectrode surface, which largely limits the overall photo-to-energy conversion of PEC system. Fundamental catalytic mechanisms and recent progress in atomic design of PEC materials are comprehensively reviewed by engineering of defect, dopant, facet, strain, and single atom to enhance the activity and selectivity. Finally, the emerging challenges and research directions in design of PEC systems for future photo-to-energy conversions are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erling Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of EducationTianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
| | - Kun Du
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of EducationTianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
| | - Peng‐Fei Yin
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of EducationTianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
| | - Jingrun Ran
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced MaterialsThe University of AdelaideAdelaideSA5005Australia
| | - Jing Mao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of EducationTianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
| | - Tao Ling
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of EducationTianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
| | - Shi‐Zhang Qiao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced MaterialsThe University of AdelaideAdelaideSA5005Australia
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Pang Y, Su C, Jia G, Xu L, Shao Z. Emerging two-dimensional nanomaterials for electrochemical nitrogen reduction. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:12744-12787. [PMID: 34647937 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00120e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ammonia (NH3) is essential to serve as the biological building blocks for maintaining organism function, and as the indispensable nitrogenous fertilizers for increasing the yield of nutritious crops. The current Haber-Bosch process for industrial NH3 production is highly energy- and capital-intensive. In light of this, the electroreduction of nitrogen (N2) into valuable NH3, as an alternative, offers a sustainable pathway for the Haber-Bosch transition, because it utilizes renewable electricity and operates under ambient conditions. Identifying highly efficient electrocatalysts remains the priority in the electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR), marking superior selectivity, activity, and stability. Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials with sufficient exposed active sites, high specific surface area, good conductivity, rich surface defects, and easily tunable electronic properties hold great promise for the adsorption and activation of nitrogen towards sustainable NRR. Therefore, this Review focuses on the fundamental principles and the key metrics being pursued in NRR. Based on the fundamental understanding, the recent efforts devoted to engineering protocols for constructing 2D electrocatalysts towards NRR are presented. Then, the state-of-the-art 2D electrocatalysts for N2 reduction to NH3 are summarized, aiming at providing a comprehensive overview of the structure-performance relationships of 2D electrocatalysts towards NRR. Finally, we propose the challenges and future outlook in this prospective area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingping Pang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Material, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Chao Su
- School of Energy and Power, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China. .,WA School of Mines: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia.
| | - Guohua Jia
- Curtin Institute of Functional Molecules and Interfaces, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Liqiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Material, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Zongping Shao
- WA School of Mines: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia. .,State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
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Wang L, Li M, Zhang Q, Li F, Xu L. Constructing electron transfer pathways and active centers over W 18O 49 nanowires by doping Fe 3+ and incorporating g-C 3N 5 for enhanced photocatalytic nitrogen fixation. Inorg Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qi00503k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A compound constructed from fluffy and porous g-C3N5 with OV-rich Fe-W18O49 was employed in the photocatalytic nitrogen fixation. The formation rate of ammonia reached 131.6 μmol g−1 h−1 when Fe-W18O49/g-C3N5 was employed as the catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun 130024
- P. R. China
| | - Mohan Li
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun 130024
- P. R. China
| | - Qiu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun 130024
- P. R. China
| | - Fengyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun 130024
- P. R. China
| | - Lin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun 130024
- P. R. China
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