1
|
Ackley BJ, Martin KL, Key TS, Clarkson CM, Bowen JJ, Posey ND, Ponder JF, Apostolov ZD, Cinibulk MK, Pruyn TL, Dickerson MB. Advances in the Synthesis of Preceramic Polymers for the Formation of Silicon-Based and Ultrahigh-Temperature Non-Oxide Ceramics. Chem Rev 2023; 123:4188-4236. [PMID: 37015056 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
Preceramic polymers (PCPs) are a group of specialty macromolecules that serve as precursors for generating inorganics, including ceramic carbides, nitrides, and borides. PCPs represent interesting synthetic challenges for chemists due to the elements incorporated into their structure. This group of polymers is also of interest to engineers as PCPs enable the processing of polymer-derived ceramic products including high-performance ceramic fibers and composites. These finished ceramic materials are of growing significance for applications that experience extreme operating environments (e.g., aerospace propulsion and high-speed atmospheric flight). This Review provides an overview of advances in the synthesis and postpolymerization modification of macromolecules forming nonoxide ceramics. These PCPs include polycarbosilanes, polysilanes, polysilazanes, and precursors for ultrahigh-temperature ceramics. Following our review of PCP synthetic chemistry, we provide examples of the application and processing of these polymers, including their use in fiber spinning, composite fabrication, and additive manufacturing. The principal objective of this Review is to provide a resource that bridges the disciplines of synthetic chemistry and ceramic engineering while providing both insights and inspiration for future collaborative work that will ultimately drive the PCP field forward.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon J Ackley
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
- ARCTOS Technology Solutions, 1270 N. Fairfield Road, Dayton, Ohio 45432, United States
| | - Kara L Martin
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
- UES, Inc., 4401 Dayton-Xenia Road, Dayton, Ohio 45432, United States
| | - Thomas S Key
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
- UES, Inc., 4401 Dayton-Xenia Road, Dayton, Ohio 45432, United States
| | - Caitlyn M Clarkson
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
- NRC Research Associateship Programs, The National Academies, Washington, District of Columbia 20001, United States
| | - John J Bowen
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
- UES, Inc., 4401 Dayton-Xenia Road, Dayton, Ohio 45432, United States
| | - Nicholas D Posey
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
- UES, Inc., 4401 Dayton-Xenia Road, Dayton, Ohio 45432, United States
| | - James F Ponder
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
- UES, Inc., 4401 Dayton-Xenia Road, Dayton, Ohio 45432, United States
| | - Zlatomir D Apostolov
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Michael K Cinibulk
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Timothy L Pruyn
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Matthew B Dickerson
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lv J, Chen B, Zheng B, Chen M, Qiao H, Li S, Zhang H. Poly(phosphorus‐silicon‐alkyne): Widening the application potential in epoxy resin with excellent flame retardancy, mechanical property, and unimpaired thermal stability. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Lv
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Science Fujian Normal University Fuzhou China
| | - Bing Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Science Fujian Normal University Fuzhou China
| | - Botuo Zheng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Science Fujian Normal University Fuzhou China
| | - Mingfeng Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Science Fujian Normal University Fuzhou China
| | - Huawei Qiao
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Science Fujian Normal University Fuzhou China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Science Fujian Normal University Fuzhou China
| | - Huagui Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Science Fujian Normal University Fuzhou China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Roy MMD, Omaña AA, Wilson ASS, Hill MS, Aldridge S, Rivard E. Molecular Main Group Metal Hydrides. Chem Rev 2021; 121:12784-12965. [PMID: 34450005 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
This review serves to document advances in the synthesis, versatile bonding, and reactivity of molecular main group metal hydrides within Groups 1, 2, and 12-16. Particular attention will be given to the emerging use of said hydrides in the rapidly expanding field of Main Group element-mediated catalysis. While this review is comprehensive in nature, focus will be given to research appearing in the open literature since 2001.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew M D Roy
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, United Kingdom
| | - Alvaro A Omaña
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Andrew S S Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Avon BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Michael S Hill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Avon BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Aldridge
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, United Kingdom
| | - Eric Rivard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| |
Collapse
|