1
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Li X, Wodrich MD, Waser J. Accessing elusive σ-type cyclopropenium cation equivalents through redox gold catalysis. Nat Chem 2024; 16:901-912. [PMID: 38783040 PMCID: PMC11164686 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-024-01535-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Cyclopropenes are the smallest unsaturated carbocycles. Removing one substituent from cyclopropenes leads to cyclopropenium cations (C3+ systems, CPCs). Stable aromatic π-type CPCs were discovered by Breslow in 1957 by removing a substituent on the aliphatic position. In contrast, σ-type CPCs-formally accessed by removing one substituent on the alkene-are unstable and relatively unexplored. Here we introduce electrophilic cyclopropenyl-gold(III) species as equivalents of σ-type CPCs, which can then react with terminal alkynes and vinylboronic acids. With catalyst loadings as low as 2 mol%, the synthesis of highly functionalized alkynyl- or alkenyl-cyclopropenes proceeded under mild conditions. A class of hypervalent iodine reagents-the cyclopropenyl benziodoxoles (CpBXs)-enabled the direct oxidation of gold(I) to gold(III) with concomitant transfer of a cyclopropenyl group. This protocol was general, tolerant to numerous functional groups and could be used for the late-stage modification of complex natural products, bioactive molecules and pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangdong Li
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthew D Wodrich
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Waser
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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2
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Hidalgo N, Le Gac A, Mallet-Ladeira S, Bouhadir G, Bourissou D. Chemo-selective Stille-type coupling of acyl-chlorides upon phosphine-borane Au(i) catalysis. Chem Sci 2024; 15:5187-5191. [PMID: 38577365 PMCID: PMC10988615 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06193k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Phosphine-boranes do not promote oxidative addition of acyl chlorides to gold, but the phosphine-borane gold triflimide complex [iPr2P(o-C6H4)BCy2]AuNTf2 was found to catalyze the coupling of acyl chlorides and aryl stannanes. The reaction involves aryl/chloride-bridged dinuclear gold(i) complexes as key intermediates, as substantiated by spectroscopic and crystallographic analyses. Similar to Pd(0)/Pd(ii)-catalyzed Stille coupling with phosphine-borane ligands, the gold-catalyzed variant shows complete chemoselectivity for acyl chlorides over aryl iodides and bromides, enabling straightforward access to halogenated aryl ketones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nereida Hidalgo
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA UMR 5069) 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 France
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Sevilla 41071 Sevilla Spain
| | - Arnaud Le Gac
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA UMR 5069) 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 France
| | - Sonia Mallet-Ladeira
- Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (FR 2599) 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 France
| | - Ghenwa Bouhadir
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA UMR 5069) 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 France
| | - Didier Bourissou
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA UMR 5069) 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 France
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3
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Sahoo AK, Kumar Sahoo A, Das B, Panda SJ, Purohit CS, Doddi A. New cationic coinage metal complexes featuring silyl group functionalized phosphine: syntheses, structures and catalytic studies in alkyne-azide cycloaddition reactions. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:15549-15561. [PMID: 37753593 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt01692g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
A series of coinage metal complexes bearing rarely explored ortho-silylated phosphine is reported. The treatment of diphenyl(2-(trimethylsilyl)phenyl)phosphine (1) with CuCl and [Cu(CH3CN)4]BF4 furnished the corresponding neutral [(1)CuCl]2 (2) and mono-cationic [(1)2Cu(CH3CN)]BF4 (3) complexes, respectively. The reactions of 1 with AgX (X = BF4-, NO3-) in 2 : 1 ratio furnished the corresponding mono cationic dicoordinate silver(I) complexes of the type [(1)2Ag]X (X = BF4- (4a), NO3- (4b)). The ortho-silylated phosphine ligand (1) was conveniently converted into the corresponding sulfide (5a) and selenide (5b) species, and their reactions with [Cu(CH3CN)4]BF4 yielded mono-cationic, homoleptic tris(silylphosphinochalcogenide)copper(I) complexes of the type [(5a/5b)3Cu]BF4 (6a/6b). The molecular structures of 2-4 and 6 were established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The copper complexes 2, 3, and 6a were employed as catalysts in azide-alkyne cycloaddition reactions. Among these complexes, 3 was extensively used in the preparation of various mono- and bis-triazoles consisting of tolyl, benzyl, carbazolyl, and propargylic ether groups. Three sets of substituted triazole derivatives were achieved under mild conditions by employing copper(I) catalytic systems. The mechanistic studies indicated the formation of a heteroleptic copper(I) triazolide intermediate which was detected by high-resolution mass spectral analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amiya Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Berhampur; Transit Campus, Industrial Training Institute (ITI); Engineering School Road, Ganjam, Odisha, 760010, India.
| | - Ashish Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Berhampur; Transit Campus, Industrial Training Institute (ITI); Engineering School Road, Ganjam, Odisha, 760010, India.
| | - Bhagyashree Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Berhampur; Transit Campus, Industrial Training Institute (ITI); Engineering School Road, Ganjam, Odisha, 760010, India.
| | - Subhra Jyoti Panda
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Bhubaneswar, 752050, India
| | - Chandra Shekhar Purohit
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Bhubaneswar, 752050, India
| | - Adinarayana Doddi
- Department of Chemical Sciences; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Berhampur; Transit Campus, Industrial Training Institute (ITI); Engineering School Road, Ganjam, Odisha, 760010, India.
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4
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Theulier CA, García-Rodeja Y, Miqueu K, Bouhadir G, Bourissou D. Lewis Acid-Assisted C(sp 3)-C(sp 3) Reductive Elimination at Gold. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:10800-10808. [PMID: 37137163 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c01974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The phosphine-borane iPr2P(o-C6H4)BFxyl2 (Fxyl = 3,5-(F3C)2C6H3) 1-Fxyl was found to promote the reductive elimination of ethane from [AuMe2(μ-Cl)]2. Nuclear magnetic resonance monitoring revealed the intermediate formation of the (1-Fxyl)AuMe2Cl complex. Density functional theory calculations identified a zwitterionic path as the lowest energy profile, with an overall activation barrier more than 10 kcal/mol lower than without borane assistance. The Lewis acid moiety first abstracts the chloride to generate a zwitterionic Au(III) complex, which then readily undergoes C(sp3)-C(sp3) coupling. The chloride is finally transferred back from boron to gold. The electronic features of this Lewis-assisted reductive elimination at gold have been deciphered by intrinsic bond orbital analyses. Sufficient Lewis acidity of boron is required for the ambiphilic ligand to trigger the C(sp3)-C(sp3) coupling, as shown by complementary studies with two other phosphine-boranes, and the addition of chlorides slows down the reductive elimination of ethane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyril A Theulier
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069), 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Cedex 09 Toulouse, France
| | - Yago García-Rodeja
- CNRS/Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM, UMR 5254), Hélioparc, 2 Avenue du Président Angot, 64053 Cedex 09 Pau, France
| | - Karinne Miqueu
- CNRS/Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM, UMR 5254), Hélioparc, 2 Avenue du Président Angot, 64053 Cedex 09 Pau, France
| | - Ghenwa Bouhadir
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069), 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Cedex 09 Toulouse, France
| | - Didier Bourissou
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069), 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Cedex 09 Toulouse, France
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5
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Thongpaen J, Manguin R, Kittikool T, Camy A, Roisnel T, Dorcet V, Yotphan S, Canac Y, Mauduit M, Baslé O. Ruthenium–NHC complex-catalyzed P( iii)-directed C–H borylation of arylphosphines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:12082-12085. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc03909e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Bidentate NHC-based ruthenium catalyst for P(III)-directed ortho C–H borylation of arylphosphines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jompol Thongpaen
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
- Univ Rennes, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR – UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Romane Manguin
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
- Univ Rennes, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR – UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Tanakorn Kittikool
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Aurèle Camy
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Vincent Dorcet
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR – UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Sirilata Yotphan
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Yves Canac
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Marc Mauduit
- Univ Rennes, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR – UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Olivier Baslé
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
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6
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Oishi T, Lugo-Fuentes LI, Jing Y, Jimenez-Halla JOC, Barroso-Flores J, Nakamoto M, Yamamoto Y, Tsunoji N, Shang R. Proton to hydride umpolung at a phosphonium center via electron relay: a new strategy for main-group based water reduction. Chem Sci 2021; 12:15603-15608. [PMID: 35003590 PMCID: PMC8654027 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05135k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Generation of dihydrogen from water splitting, also known as water reduction, is a key process to access a sustainable hydrogen economy for energy production and usage. The key step is the selective reduction of a protic hydrogen to an accessible and reactive hydride, which has proven difficult at a p-block element. Although frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) chemistry is well known for water activation by heterolytic H-OH bond cleavage, to the best of our knowledge, there has been only one case showing water reduction by metal-free FLP systems to date, in which silylene (SiII) was used as the Lewis base. This work reports the molecular design and synthesis of an ortho-phenylene linked bisborane-functionalized phosphine, which reacts with water stoichiometrically to generate H2 and phosphine oxide quantitatively under ambient conditions. Computational investigations revealed an unprecedented multi-centered electron relay mechanism offered by the molecular framework, shuttling a pair of electrons from hydroxide (OH-) in water to the separated proton through a borane-phosphonium-borane path. This simple molecular design and its water reduction mechanism opens new avenues for this main-group chemistry in their growing roles in chemical transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Oishi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526 Japan
| | - Leonardo I Lugo-Fuentes
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Guanajuato, Campus Gto Noria Alta s/n 36050 Guanajuato Mexico
| | - Yichuan Jing
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526 Japan
| | - J Oscar C Jimenez-Halla
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Guanajuato, Campus Gto Noria Alta s/n 36050 Guanajuato Mexico
| | - Joaquín Barroso-Flores
- Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable UAEM-UNAM, Unidad San Cayetano 50200 Toluca de lerdo México
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Circuito Exterior S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, alcaldía de Coyoacán CP 04510 Ciudad de México México
| | - Masaaki Nakamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526 Japan
| | - Yohsuke Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526 Japan
| | - Nao Tsunoji
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University 1-4-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527 Japan
| | - Rong Shang
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526 Japan
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7
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Suzuki A, Wu L, Lin Z, Yamashita M. Isomerization of a cis-(2-Borylalkenyl)Gold Complex via a Retro-1,2-Metalate Shift: Cleavage of a C-C/C-Si Bond trans to a C-Au Bond. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:21007-21013. [PMID: 34288308 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
This manuscript describes the first example of an alkyne insertion to the Au-B bond of a di(o-tolyl)borylgold complex to afford a cis-2-borylalkenylgold complex, and its isomerization to result in interchanging substituents on the alkenyl carbon atom and the boron atom. The former reaction is the first example of an alkyne insertion to a Au-B bond. In the latter reaction, the regiochemistry of the isomerized alkenylgold products varied depending on the substituents. DFT calculations revealed the formation of gold alkynylborates as a common intermediate via a "retro-1,2-metalate shift", which can be considered as an anti-β-carbon/silicon elimination, and identified a subsequent 1,2-metalate shift as the regiochemistry-determining step. Relative energies of the transition states to each isomer and natural-bond-orbital (NBO) analyses were used to clearly rationalize the regiochemistry of the products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akane Suzuki
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Aichi, Japan
| | - Linlin Wu
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Zhenyang Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Makoto Yamashita
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Aichi, Japan
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8
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Suzuki A, Wu L, Lin Z, Yamashita M. Isomerization of a
cis
‐(2‐Borylalkenyl)Gold Complex via a Retro‐1,2‐Metalate Shift: Cleavage of a C−C/C−Si Bond
trans
to a C−Au Bond. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akane Suzuki
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Aichi Japan
| | - Linlin Wu
- Department of Chemistry The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong Hong Kong
| | - Zhenyang Lin
- Department of Chemistry The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong Hong Kong
| | - Makoto Yamashita
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Aichi Japan
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9
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Theulier CA, García-Rodeja Y, Mallet-Ladeira S, Miqueu K, Bouhadir G, Bourissou D. Gold-to-Boron Aryl Transfer from a T-Shaped Phosphine–Borane Gold(I) Complex. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cyril A. Theulier
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069), CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France
| | - Yago García-Rodeja
- CNRS/Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, E2S-UPPA, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l’Environnement et les Matériaux - IPREM UMR 5254, Hélioparc, 2 Avenue du Président Angot, 64053 Pau Cedex 09, France
| | - Sonia Mallet-Ladeira
- Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (UAR 2599), 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France
| | - Karinne Miqueu
- CNRS/Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, E2S-UPPA, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l’Environnement et les Matériaux - IPREM UMR 5254, Hélioparc, 2 Avenue du Président Angot, 64053 Pau Cedex 09, France
| | - Ghenwa Bouhadir
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069), CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France
| | - Didier Bourissou
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069), CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France
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10
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Zacharias AO, Mao JX, Nam K, Dias HVR. Copper(I) and silver(I) chemistry of vinyltrifluoroborate supported by a bis(pyrazolyl)methane ligand. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:7621-7632. [PMID: 33999090 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt00974e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Although unsaturated organotrifluoroborates are common synthons in metal-organic chemistry, their transition metal complexes have received little attention. [CH2(3,5-(CH3)2Pz)2]Cu(CH2[double bond, length as m-dash]CHBF3), (SIPr)Cu(MeCN)(CH2[double bond, length as m-dash]CHBF3) and [CH2(3,5-(CH3)2Pz)2]Ag(CH2[double bond, length as m-dash]CHBF3) represent rare, isolable molecules featuring a vinyltrifluoroborate ligand on coinage metals. The X-ray crystal structures show the presence of three-coordinate metal sites in these complexes. The vinyltrifluoroborate group binds asymmetrically to the metal site in [CH2(3,5-(CH3)2Pz)2]M(CH2[double bond, length as m-dash]CHBF3) (M = Cu, Ag) with relatively closer M-C(H)2 distances. The computed structures of [CH2(3,5-(CH3)2Pz)2]M(CH2[double bond, length as m-dash]CHBF3) and M(CH2[double bond, length as m-dash]CHBF3), however, have shorter M-C(H)BF3 distances than M-C(H)2. These molecules feature various inter- or intra-molecular contacts involving fluorine of the BF3 group, possibly affecting these M-C distances. The binding energies of [CH2[double bond, length as m-dash]CHBF3]- to Cu+, Ag+ and Au+ have been calculated at the wB97XD/def2-TZVP level of theory, in the presence and absence of the supporting ligand CH2(3,5-(CH3)2Pz)2. The calculation shows that Au+ has the strongest binding to the [CH2[double bond, length as m-dash]CHBF3]- ligand, followed by Cu+ and Ag+, irrespective of the presence of the supporting ligand. However, in all three metals, the supporting ligand weakens the binding of olefin to the metal. The same trends were also found from the analysis of the σ-donation and π-backbonding interactions between the metal fragment and the π and π* orbitals of [CH2[double bond, length as m-dash]CHBF3]-.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adway O Zacharias
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, USA.
| | - James X Mao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, USA.
| | - Kwangho Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, USA.
| | - H V Rasika Dias
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, USA.
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