1
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Takezawa Y, Zhang H, Mori K, Hu L, Shionoya M. Ligase-mediated synthesis of Cu II-responsive allosteric DNAzyme with bifacial 5-carboxyuracil nucleobases. Chem Sci 2024; 15:2365-2370. [PMID: 38362437 PMCID: PMC10866359 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05042d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
A CuII-responsive allosteric DNAzyme has been developed by introducing bifacial 5-carboxyuracil (caU) nucleobases, which form both hydrogen-bonded caU-A and metal-mediated caU-CuII-caU base pairs. The base sequence was logically designed based on a known RNA-cleaving DNAzyme so that the caU-modified DNAzyme (caU-DNAzyme) can form a catalytically inactive structure containing three caU-A base pairs and an active form with three caU-CuII-caU pairs. The caU-DNAzyme was synthesized by joining short caU-containing fragments with a standard DNA ligase. The activity of caU-DNAzyme was suppressed without CuII, but enhanced 21-fold with the addition of CuII. Furthermore, the DNAzyme activity was turned on and off during the reaction by the addition and removal of CuII ions. Both ligase-mediated synthesis and CuII-dependent allosteric regulation were achieved by the bifacial base pairing properties of caU. This study provides a new strategy for designing stimuli-responsive DNA molecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Takezawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Hanci Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Keita Mori
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Lingyun Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Shionoya
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
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2
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Takezawa Y, Hu L, Nakama T, Shionoya M. Metal-dependent activity control of a compact-sized 8-17 DNAzyme based on metal-mediated unnatural base pairing. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:288-291. [PMID: 38063055 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05520e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
A compact 8-17 DNAzyme was modified with a CuII-meditated artificial base pair to develop a metal-responsive allosteric DNAzyme. The base sequence was rationally designed based on the reported three-dimensional structure. The activity of the modified DNAzyme was enhanced 5.1-fold by the addition of one equivalent of CuII ions, showing good metal responsiveness. Since it has been challenging to modify compactly folded DNAzymes without losing their activity, this study demonstrates the utility of the metal-mediated artificial base pairing to create stimuli-responsive functional DNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Takezawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Lingyun Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Nakama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Mitsuhiko Shionoya
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
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3
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Takezawa Y, Mori K, Huang WE, Nishiyama K, Xing T, Nakama T, Shionoya M. Metal-mediated DNA strand displacement and molecular device operations based on base-pair switching of 5-hydroxyuracil nucleobases. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4759. [PMID: 37620299 PMCID: PMC10449808 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40353-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Rational design of self-assembled DNA nanostructures has become one of the fastest-growing research areas in molecular science. Particular attention is focused on the development of dynamic DNA nanodevices whose configuration and function are regulated by specific chemical inputs. Herein, we demonstrate the concept of metal-mediated base-pair switching to induce inter- and intramolecular DNA strand displacement in a metal-responsive manner. The 5-hydroxyuracil (UOH) nucleobase is employed as a metal-responsive unit, forming both a hydrogen-bonded UOH-A base pair and a metal-mediated UOH-GdIII-UOH base pair. Metal-mediated strand displacement reactions are demonstrated under isothermal conditions based on the base-pair switching between UOH-A and UOH-GdIII-UOH. Furthermore, metal-responsive DNA tweezers and allosteric DNAzymes are developed as typical models for DNA nanodevices simply by incorporating UOH bases into the sequence. The metal-mediated base-pair switching will become a versatile strategy for constructing stimuli-responsive DNA nanostructures, expanding the scope of dynamic DNA nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Takezawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Keita Mori
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Wei-En Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kotaro Nishiyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tong Xing
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takahiro Nakama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Shionoya
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
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4
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Takezawa Y, Kanemaru D, Kudo N, Shionoya M. Phenanthroline-modified DNA three-way junction structures stabilized by interstrand 3 : 1 metal complexation. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:11025-11029. [PMID: 37309206 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt01508d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Incorporation of interstrand metal complexes into DNA is a versatile strategy for metal-dependent stabilization and structural induction of DNA supramolecular structures. In this study, we have synthesized DNA three-way junction (3WJ) structures modified with phenanthroline (phen) ligands. The phen-modified 3WJ was found to be thermally stabilized (ΔTm = +16.9 °C) by the formation of an interstrand NiII(phen)3 complex. Furthermore, NiII-mediated structure induction of 3WJs was demonstrated with the phen-modified strands and their unmodified counterparts. This study suggests that ligand-modified 3WJs would be useful structural motifs for the construction of metal-responsive DNA molecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Takezawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Daisuke Kanemaru
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Naofumi Kudo
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Mitsuhiko Shionoya
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
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5
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Mori K, Takezawa Y, Shionoya M. Metal-dependent base pairing of bifacial iminodiacetic acid-modified uracil bases for switching DNA hybridization partner. Chem Sci 2023; 14:1082-1088. [PMID: 36756334 PMCID: PMC9891364 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06534g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dynamic control of DNA assembly by external stimuli has received increasing attention in recent years. Dynamic ligand exchange in metal complexes can be a central element in the structural and functional transformation of DNA assemblies. In this study, N,N-dicarboxymethyl-5-aminouracil (dcaU) nucleoside with an iminodiacetic acid (IDA) ligand at the 5-position of the uracil base has been developed as a bifacial nucleoside that can form both hydrogen-bonded and metal-mediated base pairs. Metal complexation study of dcaU nucleosides revealed their ability to form a 2:1 complex with a GdIII ion at the monomeric level. The characteristics of base pairing of dcaU nucleosides were then examined inside DNA duplexes. The results revealed that the formation of the metal-mediated dcaU-GdIII-dcaU pair significantly stabilized the DNA duplex containing one dcaU-dcaU mismatch (ΔT m = +16.1 °C). In contrast, a duplex containing a hydrogen-bonded dcaU-A pair was destabilized in the presence of GdIII (ΔT m = -3.5 °C). The GdIII-dependent base pairing of dcaU bases was applied to control the hybridization preference of DNA in response to metal ions. The hybridization partner of a dcaU-containing strand was reversibly exchanged by the addition and removal of GdIII ions. Since the incorporation of a single dcaU base can switch the hybridization behavior of DNA, the bifacial dcaU base would be a versatile building block for imparting metal responsiveness to DNA assemblies, allowing the rational design of dynamic DNA systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Mori
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Yusuke Takezawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Shionoya
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
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6
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Rajasree SC, Takezawa Y, Shionoya M. Cu II-mediated stabilisation of DNA duplexes bearing consecutive ethenoadenine lesions and its application to a metal-responsive DNAzyme. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:1006-1009. [PMID: 36524578 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06179a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Metal-mediated nucleobase pairing can play a central role in the expression of metal-responsive DNA functions. We report the CuII-mediated stabilisation of DNA duplexes bearing damaged nucleobases, 1,N6-ethenoadenine (εA), as metal-binding sites, which was utilised to construct a metal-responsive DNAzyme. Consecutive incorporation of three or more εA-εA mismatch pairs allowed for CuII-dependent significant duplex stabilisation through metal-mediated εA-CuII-εA base pairing. Subsequently, a split DNAzyme with three εA-CuII-εA base pairs was strategically designed. The activity of the εA-modified DNAzyme was enhanced by 5.3-fold upon addition of CuII ions. This study demonstrates the utility of εA lesions for building metal-responsive DNA architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silpa Chandran Rajasree
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Takezawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Mitsuhiko Shionoya
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
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7
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Hu L, Takezawa Y, Shionoya M. Cu II-mediated DNA base pairing of a triazole-4-carboxylate nucleoside prepared by click chemistry. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:892-895. [PMID: 36594822 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06205d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Artificial metal-mediated DNA base pairing is a promising strategy for creating highly functionalized DNA supramolecules. Here we report a novel ligand-type triazole-4-carboxylate (TazC) nucleoside that is readily prepared by the click reaction. TazC nucleosides were found to form a stable TazC-CuII-TazC base pair inside DNA duplexes, resulting in CuII-specific duplex stabilization (ΔTm = +7.7 °C). This study demonstrates that the triazole derivatives are useful in the development of metal-mediated base pairing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Takezawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Mitsuhiko Shionoya
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
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8
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Chan KY, Kinghorn AB, Hollenstein M, Tanner JA. Chemical modifications for a next generation of nucleic acid aptamers. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200006. [PMID: 35416400 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In the past three decades, in vitro systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) has yielded many aptamers for translational applications in both research and clinical settings. Despite their promise as an alternative to antibodies, the low success rate of SELEX (~ 30%) has been a major bottleneck that hampers the further development of aptamers. One hurdle is the lack of chemical diversity in nucleic acids. To address this, the aptamer chemical repertoire has been extended by introducing exotic chemical groups, which provide novel binding functionalities. This review will focus on how modified aptamers can be selected and evolved, with illustration of some successful examples. In particular, unique chemistries are exemplified. Various strategies of incorporating modified building blocks into the standard SELEX protocol are highlighted, with a comparison of the differences between pre-SELEX and post-SELEX modifications. Nucleic acid aptamers with extended functionality evolved from non-natural chemistries will open up new vistas for function and application of nucleic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwing Yeung Chan
- The University of Hong Kong, School of Biomedical Sciences, HONG KONG
| | | | | | - Julian Alexander Tanner
- The University of Hong Kong, School of Biomedical Sciences, 3/F Laboratory Block, 21 Sassoon Road, 000000, Pokfulam, HONG KONG
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9
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Hu L, Takezawa Y, Shionoya M. Metal-mediated DNA base pairing of easily prepared 2-oxo-imidazole-4-carboxylate nucleotides. Chem Sci 2022; 13:3977-3983. [PMID: 35440985 PMCID: PMC8985573 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00926a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal-mediated DNA base pairs, which consist of two ligand-type artificial nucleobases and a bridging metal ion, have attracted increasing attention in recent years as a different base pairing mode from natural base pairing. Metal-mediated base pairing has been extensively studied, not only for metal-dependent thermal stabilisation of duplexes, but also for metal assembly by DNA templates and construction of functional DNAs that can be controlled by metals. Here, we report the metal-mediated base paring properties of a novel 2-oxo-imidazole-4-carboxylate (ImOC) nucleobase and a previously reported 2-oxo-imidazole-4-carboxamide (ImOA) nucleobase, both of which can be easily derived from a commercially available uridine analogue. The ImOC nucleobases were found to form stable ImOC–CuII–ImOC and ImOC–HgII–ImOC base pairs in the presence of the corresponding metal ions, leading to an increase in the duplex melting temperature by +20 °C and +11 °C, respectively. The ImOC bases did not react with other divalent metal ions and showed superior metal selectivity compared to similar nucleobase design reported so far. The ImOC–CuII–ImOC base pair was much more stable than mismatch pairs with other natural nucleobases, confirming the base pair specificity in the presence of CuII. Furthermore, we demonstrated the quantitative assembly of three CuII ions inside a DNA duplex with three consecutive ImOC–ImOC pairs, showing great potential of DNA-template based CuII nanoarray construction. The study of easily-prepared ImOC base pairs will provide a new design strategy for metal-responsive DNA materials. A novel 2-oxo-imidazole-4-carboxylate (ImOC) nucleobase, which can be easily derived from a commercially available uridine analogue, was found to form stable CuII- and HgII-mediated base pairs in DNA duplexes.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Yusuke Takezawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Shionoya
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
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10
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Takezawa Y, Sakakibara S, Shionoya M. Bipyridine-Modified DNA Three-Way Junctions with Amide linkers: Metal-Dependent Structure Induction and Self-Sorting. Chemistry 2021; 27:16626-16633. [PMID: 34623721 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
DNA three-way junction (3WJ) structures are essential building blocks for the construction of DNA nanoarchitectures. We have synthesized a bipyridine (bpy)-modified DNA 3WJ by using a newly designed bpy-modified nucleoside, Ubpy -3, in which a bpy ligand is tethered via a stable amide linker. The thermal stability of the bpy-modified 3WJ was greatly enhanced by the formation of an interstrand NiII (bpy)3 complex at the junction core (ΔTm =+17.7 °C). Although the stereochemistry of the modification site differs from that of the previously reported bpy-modified nucleoside Ubpy -2, the degree of the NiII -mediated stabilization observed with Ubpy -3 was comparable to that of Ubpy -2. Structure induction of the 3WJs and the duplexes was carried out by the addition or removal of NiII ions. Furthermore, NiII -mediated self-sorting of 3WJs was performed by using the bpy-modified strands and their unmodified counterparts. Both transformations were driven by the formation of NiII (bpy)3 complexes. The structural induction and self-sorting of bpy-modified 3WJs are expected to have many potential applications in the development of metal-responsive DNA materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Takezawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shiori Sakakibara
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Shionoya
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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11
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Abstract
Metal-mediated base pairs enable a site-specific incorporation of transition metal ions into nucleic acid structures. The resulting nucleic acid-metal complex conjugates are of interest in the context of functionalized nucleic acids, as they bear metal-based functionality. It is desirable to devise nucleic acids with an externally triggered metal-binding affinity, as this may allow regulating this functionality. Toward this end, a caged deoxyribonucleoside analog HNPP was devised for the site-specific binding of copper(II) ions upon irradiation by light, based on the ligand 3-hydroxy-2-methylpyridin-4(1H)-one (H) and the photocleavable 2-(2-nitrophenyl)propoxy protecting group (NPP). The formation of both H-Cu(II)-H homo base pairs and H-Cu(II)-X hetero base pairs (involving a second artificial deoxyribonucleoside X, based on imidazole-4-carboxylate) was achieved upon irradiation of DNA duplexes bearing the respective HNPP:HNPP or HNPP:X mispairs in the presence of copper(II) ions. The H-Cu(II)-X pair shows an exceptional DNA duplex stabilization of up to 43 °C upon its formation, exceeding that of the H-Cu(II)-H pair. It therefore represents one of the most stabilizing Cu(II)-mediated base pairs reported so far. Our findings expand the scope of light-triggered metal-mediated base pair formation by introducing a copper(II)-binding ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuvankar Naskar
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Corrensstrasse 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jens Müller
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Corrensstrasse 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
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12
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Nishiyama K, Mori K, Takezawa Y, Shionoya M. Metal-responsive reversible binding of triplex-forming oligonucleotides with 5-hydroxyuracil nucleobases. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:2487-2490. [PMID: 33616595 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00553g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Metal-responsive triplex-forming oligonucleotides (TFOs) were synthesised by incorporating 5-hydroxyuracil (UOH) nucleobases as metal recognition sites. Binding of the UOH-containing TFO to the target natural DNA duplexes was reversibly regulated by the addition and removal of GdIII ions under isothermal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotaro Nishiyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Keita Mori
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Takezawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Mitsuhiko Shionoya
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
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13
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Flamme M, Figazzolo C, Gasser G, Hollenstein M. Enzymatic construction of metal-mediated nucleic acid base pairs. Metallomics 2021; 13:6206861. [PMID: 33791776 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfab016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Artificial metal base pairs have become increasingly important in nucleic acids chemistry due to their high thermal stability, water solubility, orthogonality to natural base pairs, and low cost of production. These interesting properties combined with ease of chemical and enzymatic synthesis have prompted their use in several practical applications, including the construction of nanomolecular devices, ions sensors, and metal nanowires. Chemical synthesis of metal base pairs is highly efficient and enables the rapid screening of novel metal base pair candidates. However, chemical synthesis is limited to rather short oligonucleotides and requires rather important synthetic efforts. Herein, we discuss recent progress made for the enzymatic construction of metal base pairs that can alleviate some of these limitations. First, we highlight the possibility of generating metal base pairs using canonical nucleotides and then describe how modified nucleotides can be used in this context. We also provide a description of the main analytical techniques used for the analysis of the nature and the formation of metal base pairs together with relevant examples of their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Flamme
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Structural Biology and Chemistry, Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry of Nucleic Acids, CNRS UMR3523, 28 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France.,Université de Paris, 12 rue de l'École de Médecine, 75006 Paris, France.,Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Chiara Figazzolo
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Structural Biology and Chemistry, Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry of Nucleic Acids, CNRS UMR3523, 28 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France.,Université de Paris, 12 rue de l'École de Médecine, 75006 Paris, France.,Centre de Recherches Interdisciplinaires CRI, 8 rue Charles V, 75004 Paris, France
| | - Gilles Gasser
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Marcel Hollenstein
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Structural Biology and Chemistry, Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry of Nucleic Acids, CNRS UMR3523, 28 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
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