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Wang X, Yan H, Jia C, Fang Z, Duan J, Guo K. Synthesis of 2,4,6-Trisubstituted Pyrimidines through Copper-Catalyzed [4 + 2] Annulation of α,β-Unsaturated Ketoximes with Activated Nitriles. J Org Chem 2023; 88:12236-12243. [PMID: 37610229 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
The copper-catalyzed [4 + 2] annulation of α,β-unsaturated ketoximes with activated nitriles for the rapid construction of 2,4,6-trisubstituted pyrimidines in moderate to good yields has been developed. The reaction features synthetic simplicity, good functional group tolerance, and gram-scale applicability. A plausible mechanism is proposed based on mechanistic investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Wang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Huan Yan
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Chenglong Jia
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Zheng Fang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jindian Duan
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Kai Guo
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
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2
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Xu G, Li L, Xu B, Fang Z, Duan J, Guo K. Copper-catalyzed three-component annulation toward pyrroles via the cleavage of two C-C bonds in 1,3-dicarbonyls. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:10636-10639. [PMID: 37580978 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc02681g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
The first copper-catalyzed three-component annulation of α,β-unsaturated ketoximes, 1,3-dicarbonyls and paraformaldehyde has been documented. This novel strategy achieved the two C-C bond cleavage of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds directly as a single-carbon synthon and provided a new and highly efficient method for the synthesis of 2,3-disubstituted pyrroles in moderate to good yields with broad functional group compatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaochen Xu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S, Nanjing, 211816, China.
| | - Luchao Li
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S, Nanjing, 211816, China.
| | - Binyan Xu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S, Nanjing, 211816, China.
| | - Zheng Fang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S, Nanjing, 211816, China.
| | - Jindian Duan
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S, Nanjing, 211816, China.
| | - Kai Guo
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S, Nanjing, 211816, China.
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3
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Yan H, Xu G, Gu M, Zhang S, Wu Q, Meng J, Zhu N, Fang Z, Duan J, Guo K. Copper-catalyzed [4+2] oxidative annulation of α,β-unsaturated ketoxime acetates with ethyl trifluoropyruvate. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:6757-6760. [PMID: 35611963 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01573k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A novel route for tandem C-N/C-O formation via copper-catalyzed [4+2] oxidative annulation of α,β-unsaturated ketoxime acetates with ethyl trifluoropyruvate to synthesize valuable trifluoromethyl-containing 2H-1,3-oxazines in moderate to good yields is developed. This procedure represents the first [4+2] oxidative annulation of oxime derivatives with activated CO bonds and provides an alternative route towards functionalized 2H-1,3-oxazines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Yan
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S, Nanjing, 211816, China.
| | - Gaochen Xu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S, Nanjing, 211816, China.
| | - Meng Gu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S, Nanjing, 211816, China.
| | - Sai Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S, Nanjing, 211816, China.
| | - Qinghuan Wu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S, Nanjing, 211816, China.
| | - Jingjing Meng
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S, Nanjing, 211816, China.
| | - Ning Zhu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S, Nanjing, 211816, China.
| | - Zheng Fang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S, Nanjing, 211816, China.
| | - Jindian Duan
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S, Nanjing, 211816, China.
| | - Kai Guo
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S, Nanjing, 211816, China.
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4
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Hong P, Song X, Huang Z, Tan K, Wu A, Lu X. Insights into the Mechanism of Metal-Catalyzed Transformation of Oxime Esters: Metal-Bound Radical Pathway vs Free Radical Pathway. J Org Chem 2022; 87:6014-6024. [PMID: 35389656 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Controlling of radical reactivity by binding a radical to the metal center is an elegant strategy to overcome the challenge that radical intermediates are "too reactive to be selective". Yet, its application has seemingly been limited to a few strained-ring substrates, azide compounds, and diazo compounds. Meanwhile, first-row transition-metal-catalyzed (mainly, Fe, Ni, Cu) transformations of oxime esters have been reported recently in which the activation processes are assumed to follow free-radical mechanisms. In this work, we show by means of density functional theory calculations that the activation of oxime esters catalyzed by Fe(II) and Cu(I) catalysts more likely affords a metal-bound iminyl radical, rather than the presumed free iminyl radical, and the whole process follows a metal-bound radical mechanism. The as-formed metal-bound radical intermediates are an Fe(III)-iminyl radical (Stotal = 2, SFe = 5/2, and Siminyl = -1/2) and a Cu(II)-iminyl radical (Stotal = 0, SCu = 1/2, and Siminyl = -1/2). The discovery of such novel substrates affording metal-bound radical intermediates may facilitate the experimental design of metal-catalyzed asymmetric synthesis using oxime esters to achieve the desired enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xiaolin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zhengqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Kai Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Anan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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5
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Sun X, Li K, Zhao S, Zha Z, Wang Z. Construction of chiral 3-alkenyl-3-substituted oxindoles by stereoselective direct alkenylation of isatin derivatives and 3-vinylindoles. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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6
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Xu G, Jia C, Wang X, Yan H, Zhang S, Wu Q, Zhu N, Duan J, Guo K. Copper-Catalyzed Three-Component Cascade Annulation for Divergent Syntheses of Imidazoles and Dihydroimidazoles. Org Lett 2022; 24:1060-1065. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c04308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaochen Xu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Chenglong Jia
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Huan Yan
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Sai Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Qinghuan Wu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Ning Zhu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jindian Duan
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Kai Guo
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
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Miao CB, Guan HR, Tang Y, Wang K, Ren WL, Lyu X, Yao C, Yang HT. Copper-Catalyzed Bisannulations of Malonate-Tethered O-Acyl Oximes with Pyridine, Pyrazine, Pyridazine, and Quinoline Derivatives for the Construction of Dihydroindolizine-Fused Pyrrolidinones and Analogues. Org Lett 2021; 23:8699-8704. [PMID: 34723547 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed bisannulation reaction of malonate-tethered O-acyl oximes with pyridine, pyrazine, pyridazine, and quinoline derivatives has been developed for the concise synthesis of structurally novel dihydroindolizine-fused pyrrolidinones and their analogues. The present reaction shows excellent regioselectivity and stereoselectivity. Theoretical calculations reveal that the coordination effect of the carbonyl group in the nucleophilic substrate determines the excellent regioselectivity. Further functionalization of the generated dihydroindolizine-fused pyrrolidinone could be easily realized through substitution, Michael addition, selective aminolysis, and hydrolysis reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Bao Miao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Fine Petrochemical Engineering, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Rong Guan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Fine Petrochemical Engineering, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P. R. China
| | - YiHan Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Fine Petrochemical Engineering, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P. R. China
| | - Kun Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Fine Petrochemical Engineering, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Long Ren
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Fine Petrochemical Engineering, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P. R. China
| | | | - ChangSheng Yao
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Tao Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Fine Petrochemical Engineering, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P. R. China
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8
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Ramaraju A, Upare A, Blanch EW, Maniam S, Sridhar B, Bathula SR, Raji Reddy C. Chemoselective [3 + 2] annulation of oxime acetate with 2-aryl-3-ethoxycarbonyl-pyrroline-4,5-dione: an entry to pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyrrole derivatives. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:7875-7882. [PMID: 34549208 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00990g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel chemoselective [3 + 2] annulation reaction of easily accessible ketoxime acetate with 2-aryl-3-ethoxycarbonyl pyrroline-4,5-dione has been developed for the synthesis of unknown pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyrrole frameworks. This method involves copper-mediated N-O bond cleavage followed by the formation of carbon-carbon and carbon-nitrogen bonds. This operationally simple protocol provides broader functional group compatibility and good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andhavaram Ramaraju
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad - 500007, India. .,School of Science, STEM college, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - Atul Upare
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad - 500007, India.
| | - Ewan W Blanch
- School of Science, STEM college, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - Subashani Maniam
- School of Science, STEM college, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - Balasubramanian Sridhar
- Center for X-ray Crystallography, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Surendar Reddy Bathula
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad - 500007, India.
| | - Chada Raji Reddy
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad - 500007, India.
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Wang K, Guan HR, Ren WL, Yang HT, Miao CB. Copper-Catalyzed Cascade Annulation of Malonate-Tethered O-Acyl Oximes with Cyclic 1,3-Dicarbonyl Compounds for the Synthesis of Spiro-Pentacyclic Derivatives. J Org Chem 2021; 86:12309-12317. [PMID: 34369761 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed cascade annulation of malonate-tethered O-acyl oximes with cyclic 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds has been developed for the rapid synthesis of spiro-pentacyclic derivatives. This reaction allows the one-step formation of five C-C/N/O bonds and an angular tricyclic core under very mild conditions and shows excellent regioselectivity and stereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Fine Petrochemical Engineering, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Rong Guan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Fine Petrochemical Engineering, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Long Ren
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Fine Petrochemical Engineering, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Tao Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Fine Petrochemical Engineering, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Bao Miao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Fine Petrochemical Engineering, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P. R. China
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10
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Rong B, Xu G, Yan H, Zhang S, Wu Q, Zhu N, Duan J, Guo K. The copper-catalyzed synthesis of dihydrooxazoles from α,β-unsaturated ketoximes and activated ketones. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:7272-7275. [PMID: 34195708 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02422a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The first copper-catalyzed [3+2]-type condensation reaction of α,β-unsaturated ketoximes with activated ketones has been described for the synthesis of dihydrooxazoles, especially trifluoromethyl-decorated dihydrooxazoles. Notable features of this method include its broad substrate scope, good functional group tolerance, and simple operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binsen Rong
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S, Nanjing, 211816, China.
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