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Tariq QUN, Manzoor S, Ling X, Dong WS, Lu ZJ, Wang TW, Xu M, Younis MA, Yu Q, Zhang JG. Fabrication, Characterization, and Performance Evaluation of Thermally Stable [5,6]-Fused Bicyclic Energetic Materials. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 39288323 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c09078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
In recent decades, there has been considerable interest in investigating advanced energetic materials characterized by high stability and favorable energetic properties. Nevertheless, reconciling the conflicting balance between high energy and the insensitivity of such materials through traditional approaches, which involve integrating fuel frameworks and oxidizing groups into an organic molecule, presents significant challenges. In this study, we employed a promising method to fabricate high-energy-density materials (HEDMs) through the intermolecular assembly of variously substituted purines with a high-energy oxidant. Purines are abundant in nature and are readily available. A series of advanced energetic materials with a good balance between energy and sensitivity were prepared by the simple and effective self-assembly of purines with high-energy oxidants. Notably, these compounds exhibit incredibly improved crystal densities (1.80-2.00 g·cm-3) and good detonation performance (D: 7072-8358 m·s-1; P: 19.82-34.56 GPa). In comparison to RDX, these self-assembled energetic materials exhibit reduced mechanical sensitivities and enhanced thermal stabilities. Compounds 1-5 demonstrate both high energy and low sensitivity, indicating that self-assembly represents a straightforward and effective approach for developing advanced energetic materials with a balanced combination of energy and safety. Moreover, this study offers an avenue for synthesizing energetic materials based on naturally occurring compounds assembled through intermolecular attractions, thereby achieving a balance between energy and sensitivity along with versatile functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qamar-Un-Nisa Tariq
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060 China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou 311215, China
| | - Saira Manzoor
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060 China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou 311215, China
| | - Xiang Ling
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Wen-Shuai Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zu-Jia Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ting-Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Meiqi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Muhammad Adnan Younis
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060 China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou 311215, China
| | - Qiyao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jian-Guo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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Xia LH, Wang YN, Yang XM, Liang LN, Li ZM, Zhang TL. Cupric coordination compounds with multiple anions: a promising strategy for the regulation of energetic materials. RSC Adv 2023; 13:22549-22558. [PMID: 37497086 PMCID: PMC10368156 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01739g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
To seek new high energetic materials, N-methylene-C-bridged nitrogen-rich heterocycle 1-((4,5-diamino-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)methyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3,5-diamine (DATMTDA) (2) was first synthesized, and two copper coordination compounds ([Cu12(OH)4(ClO4)4(H2O)4(DATMTDA)12](ClO4)16·12H2O (3) and [Cu3(OH)(ClO4)(DATMTDA)3](ClO4)3(NO3) (4)) based on 2 were formed by introducing different anions. These compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The crystal structures of compounds 3 and 4 are similar and crystallize in monoclinic systems with the P21/c space group, while the central copper atoms show different coordination behaviors. However, the structure of compounds 3 and 4 is analogous to a three dimensional structure owing to the O atom of OH-, forming coordinate bonds with three copper cations. The NBO charge of 2 was calculated using density functional theory to understand its coordination modes. The Hirshfeld surface calculation reveals that 3 and 4 have strong intermolecular interactions. The thermal decomposition processes, non-isothermal kinetics, and enthalpies of formation and sensitivities of these compounds were investigated. By introducing one NO3- of compound 4 to replace one ClO4- in compound 3, compound 4 shows lower density and lower decomposition peak temperature but lower sensitivity and a higher formation enthalpy than compound 3. The complex 4 possesses an outstanding catalytic effect for the decomposition of AP than that of complex 3. The results illustrate the possibility of introducing various anions into energetic coordination compounds for the regulation of energetic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Hong Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China +86 10 68911202 +86 10 68911202
| | - Yan-Na Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xingtai University Xingtai 054001 China
| | - Xiao-Ming Yang
- China Safety Technology Research Academy of Ordnance Industry Beijing 100053 China
| | - Lin-Na Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China +86 10 68911202 +86 10 68911202
| | - Zhi-Min Li
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China +86 10 68911202 +86 10 68911202
| | - Tong-Lai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China +86 10 68911202 +86 10 68911202
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Miao X, Yang X, Li Y, Pang S. Thermal stability of azole-rich energetic compounds: their structure, density, enthalpy of formation and energetic properties. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023. [PMID: 37409442 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02121a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Energetic compounds, as a type of special material, are widely used in the fields of national defense, aerospace and exploration. Their research and production have received growing attention. Thermal stability is a crucial factor for the safety of energetic materials. Azole-rich energetic compounds have emerged as a research hotspot in recent years owing to their excellent properties. Due to the aromaticity of unsaturated azoles, many azole-rich energetic compounds have significant thermal stability, which is one of the properties that researchers focus on. This review presents a comprehensive summary of the physicochemical and energetic properties of various energetic materials, highlighting the relationship between thermal stability and the structural, physicochemical, and energetic properties of azole-rich energetic compounds. To improve the thermal stability of compounds, five aspects can be considered, including functional group modification, bridging, preparation of energetic salts, energetic metal-organic frameworks (EMOFs) and co-crystals. It was demonstrated that increasing the strength and number of hydrogen bonds of azoles and expanding the π-π stacking area are the key factors to improve thermal stability, which provides a valuable way to develop energetic materials with higher energy and thermal stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyan Miao
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Xinbo Yang
- School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuchuan Li
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Siping Pang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
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Xue Y, Xiong H, Tang J, Cheng G, Yang H. Exploring Application of 1,2,4‐Triazole Energetic Salts: Gas Generating Agent, Propellant and Explosive Compositions. PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/prep.202000316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐bing Xue
- School of Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Xiaolingwei 200 Nanjing Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Hua‐lin Xiong
- School of Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Xiaolingwei 200 Nanjing Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Jie Tang
- School of Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Xiaolingwei 200 Nanjing Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Guang‐bin Cheng
- School of Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Xiaolingwei 200 Nanjing Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Hong‐wei Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Xiaolingwei 200 Nanjing Jiangsu P. R. China
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Heat‐Resistant Energetic Materials Deriving from Benzopyridotetraazapentalene: Halogen Bonding Effects on the Outcome of Crystal Structure, Thermal Stability and Sensitivity. PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/prep.202000306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Cheng Y, Chen X, Yang N, Zhang Y, Ma H, Guo Z. Sandwich-like low-sensitive nitroamine explosives stabilized by hydrogen bonds and π–π stacking interactions. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce01882a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sandwich-like low-sensitive nitroamine explosives were developed which expand the structural category of low-sensitive energetic materials and could give references to the design of new low-sensitive energetic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Cheng
- School of Chemical Engineering/Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Energy Materials
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710069
- P. R. China
| | - Xiang Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering/Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Energy Materials
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710069
- P. R. China
| | - Na Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering/Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Energy Materials
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710069
- P. R. China
| | - Yazhou Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering/Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Energy Materials
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710069
- P. R. China
| | - Haixia Ma
- School of Chemical Engineering/Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Energy Materials
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710069
- P. R. China
| | - Zhaoqi Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering/Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Energy Materials
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710069
- P. R. China
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