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Wang K, Wang L, Shang Z, Yang X, Li H, Wang X, Zhu M, Meng Q. A series of DNA targeted Cu (II) complexes containing 1,8-naphthalimide ligands: Synthesis, characterization and in vitro anticancer activity. J Inorg Biochem 2024; 261:112721. [PMID: 39236444 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2024.112721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
Copper(II) complexes are very promising candidates for platinum-based anticancer agents. Herein, three Cu (II) complexes (1-3) containing 1,8-naphthalimide ligands were synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, elemental analysis, ESI-MS and single crystal X-ray diffraction (complex 3). In addition, a control compound (complex 4) without 1,8-naphthalimide ligand was synthesized and characterized. The in vitro anticancer activity of the synthesized complexes against five cancer cell lines and one normal cell line was evaluated by MTS assay. The results displayed the antitumor activity of complexes 1-3 was controlled by the aliphatic chain length of ligands, their cytotoxicity was in the order 3 > 2 > 1, giving the IC50 values ranging from 2.874 ± 0.155 μM to 31.47 ± 0.29 μM against five cancer cell lines. Complex 4 showed less activity in comparison with complex 1-3. Notably, complexes 1-3 displayed much higher selectivity (SI = 2.65 to 10.16) compared to complex 4 (SI = 1.0), indicated that the introduction of 1,8-naphthalimide group not only increased the activity of this series of compounds but also enhanced their specific selectivity to cancer cells. Compound 3 induced apoptosis in cancer cells and blocked the S-phase and G2/M of cancer cells. The interaction with DNA of complexes 3 and 4 was studied by UV/Vis spectroscopic titrations, competitive DNA-binding experiment, viscometry and CD spectra. The results showed that complex 3 interacted with DNA in an intercalating mode, but the interaction mode of compound 4 with DNA was electrostatic interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehua Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, Liaoning 114051, PR China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization for Natural Products Active Molecules, Anshan Normal University, Anshan, Liaoning 114007, PR China
| | - Ling Wang
- The Key Laboratory of the Inorganic Molecule-Based Chemistry of Liaoning Province, Department of Coordination Chemistry, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, PR China
| | - Zhuye Shang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, Liaoning 114051, PR China
| | - Xingzhi Yang
- Center for Natural Drug Activity Screening, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PR China
| | - Hongmei Li
- Center for Natural Drug Activity Screening, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PR China
| | - Xiaochun Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Development and Utilization for Natural Products Active Molecules, Anshan Normal University, Anshan, Liaoning 114007, PR China
| | - Mingchang Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of the Inorganic Molecule-Based Chemistry of Liaoning Province, Department of Coordination Chemistry, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, PR China
| | - Qingtao Meng
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, Liaoning 114051, PR China.
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Exploration of supramolecular and theoretical aspects of two new Cu(II) complexes: On the importance of lone pair···π(chelate ring) and π···π(chelate ring) interactions. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Tiekink ERT. A bibliographic survey of the supramolecular architectures sustained by delocalised C–I⋯π(arene) interactions in metal-organic crystals. Z KRIST-CRYST MATER 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/zkri-2022-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A survey of the crystallographic literature of metal-organic crystal structures for the presence of C–I···π(arene) interactions where the iodide atom occupies a position close to plumb to the ring centroid, corresponding to a delocalised interaction, and is within the assumed sum of the van der Waals radii, i.e. 3.88 Å, has been undertaken. The majority of the 26 identified examples feature supramolecular chains of varying topology whereby C–I···π(arene) contacts are readily identified and apparently operating independently of other obvious supramolecular synthons. The next most prevalent supramolecular aggregate was zero-dimensional, containing up to a maximum of three molecules. While there were three examples of two-dimensional arrays among a series of isostructural crystal structures, no examples of three-dimensional structures largely sustained by C–I···π(arene) interactions were noted. This distribution of supramolecular aggregation patterns matched that noted for all-organic systems. In terms of the overall adoption rate, delocalised C–I···π(arene) interactions were found in 3% of crystals of metal-organic species where they could form, a percentage lower than 4% noted for all-organic crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward R. T. Tiekink
- Research Centre for Crystalline Materials, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University , 5 Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway , Selangor Darul Ehsan 47500 , Malaysia
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Synthesis, Crystal Structure, DFT Theoretical Calculationand Physico-Chemical Characterization of a New Complex Material (C6H8Cl2N2)2[Cd3Cl10]·6H2O. CRYSTALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst11050553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The chemical preparation, crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis and spectroscopic characterization of the novel cadmium (II) 2,5-dichloro-p-phenylendiaminium decachlorotricadmate(II) hexahydrate complex, (C6H8Cl2N2)2[Cd3Cl10]·6H2O, has been reported. The atomic arrangement can be described as built up by an anionic framework, formed by edge-sharing [CdCl6]2− octahedra in linear polymeric chains spreading along the a-axis, while the organic cations surround these latters. The inspection of the Hirshfeld surface analysis helps to discuss the strength of hydrogen bonds and to quantify the inter-contacts, which reveal that H…Cl/Cl…H (38.9%), H…H (13.9%), and Cd…Cl/Cl…Cd (12.4%) are the main interactions that govern the crystal packing of the studied structure. SEM/EDXwas carried out and the powder XRD confirmed the good crystallinity of the material. FT-IR and the DFT calculation reveal the good correlation between the experimental and the theoretical wavenumbers. The HOMO-LUMO energy gap was used to predict the electric conductivity of the compound. Finally, the thermal TGA/DTA analysis shows stability until 380 K.
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