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Ma Y, Li Q, Yang J, Cheng Y, Li C, Zhao C, Chen W, Huang D, Qian H. Crosslinked zwitterionic microcapsules to overcome gastrointestinal barriers for oral insulin delivery. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:975-984. [PMID: 36541189 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01606k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Oral insulin delivery has been extensively considered to achieve great patient compliance and convenience as well as favourable glucose homeostasis. However, its application is highly limited by the low insulin bioavailability owing to gastrointestinal barriers. Herein, we developed crosslinked zwitterionic microcapsules (CB-MCs@INS) based on a carboxyl betaine (CB)-modified poly(acryloyl carbonate-co-caprolactone) copolymer via the combination of microfluidics and UV-crosslinking to improve oral insulin delivery. CB-MC@INS microcapsules with high drug loading capacity (>40%) protected insulin from acid degradation in the harsh gastric environment. Through the introduction of CB-moieties, CB-MCs@INS possessed superior affinity for epithelial cells and improved insulin transport as compared to non-CB modified MCs@INS (5.15-fold), which was mainly attributed to the CB-mediated cell surface transporter via the PAT1 pathway. Moreover, the oral administration of CB-MCs@INS exhibited an excellent hypoglycaemic effect and maintained normoglycemia for up to 8 h in diabetic mice, demonstrating the great potential of crosslinked zwitterionic microcapsules as an oral insulin delivery platform for diabetes therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
| | - Qihang Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
| | - Jingru Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
| | - Yuan Cheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
| | - Caihua Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
| | - Changshun Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
| | - Dechun Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
| | - Hongliang Qian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
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Multifunctional Silica-Based Amphiphilic Block Copolymer Hybrid for Cu(II) and Sodium Oleate Adsorption in Beneficiation Wastewater. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14194187. [PMID: 36236136 PMCID: PMC9571196 DOI: 10.3390/polym14194187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Beneficiation wastewater contains various types of pollutants, such as heavy metal ions and organic pollutants. In this work, a silica-based amphiphilic block copolymer, SiO2-g-PBMA-b-PDMAEMA, was obtained by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) for Cu(II) and sodium oleate adsorption in beneficiation wastewater, using butyl methacrylate (BMA) as a hydrophobic monomer and 2-(dimethylamino)ethylmethacrylate (DMAEMA) as a hydrophilic monomer. FTIR, TGA, NMR, GPC, XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms and TEM were used to characterize the structure and morphology of the hybrid adsorbent. The introduction of PBMA greatly increased the adsorption of sodium oleate on SiO2-g-PBMA-b-PDMAEMA. Adsorption kinetics showed that the adsorption of Cu(II) or sodium oleate on SiO2-g-PBMA-b-PDMAEMA fitted the pseudo-second-order model well. Adsorption isotherms of Cu(II) on SiO2-g-PBMA-b-PDMAEMA were better described by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model, and sodium oleate on SiO2-g-PBMA-b-PDMAEMA was better described by the Freundlich adsorption isotherm model. The maximum adsorption capacity of Cu(II) and sodium oleate calculated from Langmuir adsorption isotherm equation reached 448.43 mg·g-1 and 129.03 mg·g-1, respectively. Chelation and complexation were considered as the main driving forces of Cu(II) adsorption, and the van der Waals force as well as weak hydrogen bonds were considered the main driving forces of sodium oleate adsorption. The adsorbent was recyclable and showed excellent multicomponent adsorption for Cu(II) and sodium oleate in the mixed solution. SiO2-g-PBMA-b-PDMAEMA represents a satisfying adsorption material for the removal of heavy metal ions and organic pollutants in beneficiation wastewater.
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Kumar K, Venkatesu P. Role of protein-copolymer assembly in controlling micellization process of amphiphilic triblock copolymer. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 608:2142-2157. [PMID: 34758421 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.10.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Triblock copolymer poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(propylene glycol)-block-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-PPG-PEG) forms a well-known micellar assembly at a particular temperature. Apart from regular assembly within the copolymer, it is crucial to explore additional assembly behaviour via simple exposure of proteins which unveils biased interactions with blocks of copolymer. The current work focuses on the examination of Pluronic F108 i.e. PEG-PPG-PEG with two different proteins i.e. α-chymotrypsin (CT) and lysozyme (LSZ), aiming at probing the critical micellization temperature (CMT) and molecular level interactions. EXPERIMENTS Potential role of protein-copolymer assembly formation at a particular concentration of protein in modulating CMT was shown by a systematic experimental approach combined with a series of physicochemical methods. The sophisticated multiple techniques include fluorescence spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential measurements, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Furthermore, molecular docking studies were also employed to correlate theoretical insights with experimental findings. FINDINGS CT and LSZ decrease CMT in regular concentration-dependent manner except for particular concentration (1.5 mg/mL) of LSZ which shows anomalous behaviour in steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy, temperature dependent fluorescence spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and DLS measurements. SEM and TEM results clearly reveal protein-copolymer assembly formation. The assembled structure has different biophysical properties. Docking studies elucidate several bio macromolecular interactions which can be involved in assembly formation. Based on obtained results from biophysical techniques mechanism of CMT variation was deduced. Obtained results can be useful in biosensors and targeted drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, India
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Yadav R, Kumar S, Kumar K, Venkatesu P. Gold nanospheres/nanorods as highly promising candidates for the hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance of poly(N-vinylcaprolactam): A thoughtful design of nanocomposites. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj00709f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A thermally induced solubility alterations of widely accepted thermoresponsive polymer poly (N-vinylcaprolactam) (PVCL) tethered to gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) surface is characterized by different biophysical techniques such as steady state fluorescence,...
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Qiao L, Yang H, Gao S, Li L, Fu X, Wei Q. Research progress on self-assembled nanodrug delivery systems. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:1908-1922. [DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02470a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, nanodrug delivery systems have attracted increasing attention due to their advantages, such as the high drug loading, low toxicity and side effects, improved bioavailability, long half-life, well...
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Kumar S, Kumar K, Yadav R, Kukutla P, Devunuri N, Deenadayalu N, Venkatesu P. Understanding the close encounter of heme proteins with carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes: a case study of contradictory stability trend for hemoglobin and myoglobin. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:19740-19751. [PMID: 34525143 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02167b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are one of the unique and promising nanomaterials that possess plenty of applications, such as biosensors, advanced drug delivery systems and biotechnology. CNTs bind rapidly with proteins, which result in the formation of a protein coating layer known as a "protein corona" around the surface of the nanomaterial. This hinders their applications as a drug carrier and influences the properties of biological macromolecules. The present work focuses on studying the thermal stability and molecular level interactions of two heme proteins, hemoglobin (Hb) and myoglobin (Mb), in the presence of carboxylated functionalized multi-walled CNTs (CA-MWCNTs). Through the current study, the following steps have been taken to distinguish the biocompatibility of the hydrophilic surface CA-MWCNTs for heme proteins via a series of spectroscopic techniques and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). UV-Visible and steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy were used to reveal changes in the aromatic amino acid residues of heme proteins upon the addition of CA-MWCNTs. Circular dichroism spectroscopy (CD) shows the alteration in the native structure of proteins in the presence of the nanomaterial. A tremendous increase in the size of the protein CA-MWCNTs system is observed in dynamic light scattering (DLS), which clearly manifests the protein corona formation. Unexpectedly, both proteins interact differently with CA-MWCNTs, which is observed in CD spectroscopy and DSC. In the presence of CA-MWCNTs, an increase in the transition temperature (Tm) was observed for Hb, while the Tm value decreases for Mb. Different interactions with proteins at the molecular scale may be the reason for this unexpected behavior. Henceforth, the present results can help in the design of the next-generation drug carrier nanomaterials with the idea of the heme protein corona formation prior to development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi-110 007, India.
| | - Krishan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi-110 007, India.
| | - Ritu Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi-110 007, India.
| | - Prasanna Kukutla
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi-110 007, India. .,Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology and Research (VFSTR) Deemed to be University, Vadlamudi, Guntur-522 213, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Nagaraju Devunuri
- Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology and Research (VFSTR) Deemed to be University, Vadlamudi, Guntur-522 213, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Nirmala Deenadayalu
- Department of Chemistry, Durban University of Technology, Durban-4000, South Africa
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Kumar K, Umapathi R, Ramesh K, Hwang SK, Lim KT, Huh YS, Venkatesu P. Biological Stimuli-Induced Phase Transition of a Synthesized Block Copolymer: Preferential Interactions between PNIPAM- b-PNVCL and Heme Proteins. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:1682-1696. [PMID: 33492958 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The beguiling world of functional polymers is dominated by thermoresponsive polymers with unique structural and molecular attributes. Limited work has been reported on the protein-induced conformational transition of block copolymers; furthermore, the literature lacks a clear understanding of the influence of proteins on the phase behavior of thermoresponsive copolymers. Herein, we have synthesized poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-b-poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PNIPAM-b-PNVCL) by RAFT polymerization using N-isopropylacrylamide and N-vinylcaprolactam. Furthermore, using various biophysical techniques, we have explored the effect of cytochrome c (Cyt c), myoglobin (Mb), and hemoglobin (Hb) with varying concentrations on the aggregation behavior of PNIPAM-b-PNVCL. Absorption and steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy measurements were performed at room temperature to examine the copolymerization effect on fluorescent probe binding and biomolecular interactions between PNIPAM-b-PNVCL and proteins. Furthermore, temperature-dependent fluorescence spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering studies were performed to get deeper insights into the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of PNIPAM-b-PNVCL. Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) was also employed to understand the copolymer behavior in the presence of heme proteins. With the incorporation of proteins to PNIPAM-b-PNVCL aqueous solution, LCST has been varied to different extents owing to the preferential, molecular, and noncovalent interactions between PNIPAM-b-PNVCL and proteins. The present study can pave new insights between heme proteins and block copolymer interactions, which will help design biomimetic surfaces and aid in the strategic fabrication of copolymer-protein bioconjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, India
| | - Reddicherla Umapathi
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Kalyan Ramesh
- Department of Display Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Kyu Hwang
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwon Taek Lim
- Department of Display Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Suk Huh
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
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