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Li Z, Li Y, Yin C. Manipulating Molecular Self-Assembly Process at the Solid-Liquid Interface Probed by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4176. [PMID: 37896420 PMCID: PMC10610993 DOI: 10.3390/polym15204176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The phenomenon of ordered self-assembly on solid substrates is a topic of interest in both fundamental surface science research and its applications in nanotechnology. The regulation and control of two-dimensional (2D) self-assembled supra-molecular structures on surfaces have been realized through applying external stimuli. By utilizing scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), researchers can investigate the detailed phase transition process of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), providing insight into the interplay between intermolecular weak interactions and substrate-molecule interactions, which govern the formation of molecular self-assembly. This review will discuss the structural transition of self-assembly probed by STM in response to external stimuli and provide state-of-the-art methods such as tip-induced confinement for the alignment of SAM domains and selective chirality. Finally, we discuss the challenges and opportunities in the field of self-assembly and STM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yanan Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China;
| | - Chengjie Yin
- School of Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China;
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2
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Lipińska W, Olejnik A, Janik M, Brodowski M, Sapiega K, Pierpaoli M, Siuzdak K, Bogdanowicz R, Ryl J. Texture or Linker? Competitive Patterning of Receptor Assembly toward Ultra-Sensitive Impedimetric Detection of Viral Species at Gold-Nanotextured Titanium Surfaces. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2023; 127:9584-9593. [PMID: 37552778 PMCID: PMC10189554 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.3c00697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we study the electrodes with a periodic matrix of gold particles pattered by titanium dimples and modified by 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) followed by CD147 receptor grafting for specific impedimetric detection of SARS-CoV-2 viral spike proteins. The synergistic DFT and MM/MD modeling revealed that MPA adsorption geometries on the Au-Ti surface have preferential and stronger binding patterns through the carboxyl bond inducing an enhanced surface coverage with CD147. Control of bonding at the surface is essential for oriented receptor assembling and boosted sensitivity. The complex Au-Ti electrode texture along with optimized MPA concentration is a crucial parameter, enabling to reach the detection limit of ca. 3 ng mL-1. Scanning electrochemical microscopy imaging and quantum molecular modeling were performed to understand the electrochemical performance and specific assembly of MPA displaying a free stereo orientation and not disturbed by direct interactions with closely adjacent receptors. This significantly limits nonspecific interceptor reactions, strongly decreasing the detection of receptor-binding domain proteins by saturation of binding groups. This method has been demonstrated for detecting the SARS virus but can generally be applied to a variety of protein-antigen systems. Moreover, the raster of the pattern can be tuned using various anodizing processes at the titania surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiktoria Lipińska
- Centre for Plasma and Laser Engineering, The Szewalski
Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences,
Fiszera 14, Gdańsk 80-231, Poland
| | - Adrian Olejnik
- Centre for Plasma and Laser Engineering, The Szewalski
Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences,
Fiszera 14, Gdańsk 80-231, Poland
- Department of Metrology and Optoelectronics, Faculty
of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, Gdańsk University
of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, Gdańsk 80-233,
Poland
| | - Monika Janik
- Department of Metrology and Optoelectronics, Faculty
of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, Gdańsk University
of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, Gdańsk 80-233,
Poland
- Institute of Microelectronics and Optoelectronics,
Faculty of Electronics and Information Technology, Warsaw University of
Technology, Koszykowa 75, Warsaw 00-662, Poland
| | - Mateusz Brodowski
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Materials Engineering
and Advanced Materials Center, Gdańsk University of
Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, Gdańsk 80-233,
Poland
| | - Karolina Sapiega
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Materials Engineering
and Advanced Materials Center, Gdańsk University of
Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, Gdańsk 80-233,
Poland
| | - Mattia Pierpaoli
- Department of Metrology and Optoelectronics, Faculty
of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, Gdańsk University
of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, Gdańsk 80-233,
Poland
| | - Katarzyna Siuzdak
- Centre for Plasma and Laser Engineering, The Szewalski
Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences,
Fiszera 14, Gdańsk 80-231, Poland
| | - Robert Bogdanowicz
- Department of Metrology and Optoelectronics, Faculty
of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, Gdańsk University
of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, Gdańsk 80-233,
Poland
| | - Jacek Ryl
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Materials Engineering
and Advanced Materials Center, Gdańsk University of
Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, Gdańsk 80-233,
Poland
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3
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Caruso T, De Luca O, Melfi N, Policicchio A, Pisarra M, Godbert N, Aiello I, Giorno E, Pacilè D, Moras P, Martín F, Rudolf P, Agostino RG, Papagno M. Nearly-freestanding supramolecular assembly with tunable structural properties. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2068. [PMID: 36740719 PMCID: PMC9899781 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28865-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The synthesis and design of two-dimensional supramolecular assemblies with specific functionalities is one of the principal goals of the emerging field of molecule-based electronics, which is relevant for many technological applications. Although a large number of molecular assemblies have been already investigated, engineering uniform and highly ordered two-dimensional molecular assemblies is still a challenge. Here we report on a novel approach to prepare wide highly crystalline molecular assemblies with tunable structural properties. We make use of the high-reactivity of the carboxylic acid functional moiety and of the predictable structural features of non-polar alkane chains to synthesize 2D supramolecular assemblies of 4-(decyloxy)benzoic acid (4DBA;C[Formula: see text]H[Formula: see text]O[Formula: see text]) on a Au(111) surface. By means of scanning tunneling microscopy, density functional theory calculations and photoemission spectroscopy, we demonstrate that these molecules form a self-limited highly ordered and defect-free two-dimensional single-layer film of micrometer-size, which exhibits a nearly-freestanding character. We prove that by changing the length of the alkoxy chain it is possible to modify in a controlled way the molecular density of the "floating" overlayer without affecting the molecular assembly. This system is especially suitable for engineering molecular assemblies because it represents one of the few 2D molecular arrays with specific functionality where the structural properties can be tuned in a controlled way, while preserving the molecular pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Caruso
- grid.7778.f0000 0004 1937 0319Dipartimento di Fisica, Università della Calabria, 87036 Rende (Cs), Italy ,grid.7778.f0000 0004 1937 0319Laboratorio di Spettroscopia Avanzata dei Materiali, STAR IR, Via Tito Flavio, Università della Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Oreste De Luca
- grid.7778.f0000 0004 1937 0319Laboratorio di Spettroscopia Avanzata dei Materiali, STAR IR, Via Tito Flavio, Università della Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy ,grid.4830.f0000 0004 0407 1981Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nicola Melfi
- grid.7778.f0000 0004 1937 0319Dipartimento di Fisica, Università della Calabria, 87036 Rende (Cs), Italy
| | - Alfonso Policicchio
- grid.7778.f0000 0004 1937 0319Dipartimento di Fisica, Università della Calabria, 87036 Rende (Cs), Italy ,grid.7778.f0000 0004 1937 0319Laboratorio di Spettroscopia Avanzata dei Materiali, STAR IR, Via Tito Flavio, Università della Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Michele Pisarra
- grid.6045.70000 0004 1757 5281INFN, Sezione LNF, Gruppo Collegato di Cosenza, Cubo 31C, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy ,grid.482876.70000 0004 1762 408XInstituto IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain ,grid.5515.40000000119578126Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Módulo 13, 28049, Madrid Spain
| | - Nicolas Godbert
- grid.7778.f0000 0004 1937 0319MAT_InLAB (Laboratorio di Materiali Molecolari Inorganici), Centro di Eccellenza CEMIF.CAL, LASCAMM CR-INSTM, Unità INSTM della Calabria, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy ,grid.7778.f0000 0004 1937 0319LPM-Laboratorio Preparazione Materiali, STAR-Lab, Università della Calabria, Via Tito Flavio, 28049 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Iolinda Aiello
- grid.7778.f0000 0004 1937 0319MAT_InLAB (Laboratorio di Materiali Molecolari Inorganici), Centro di Eccellenza CEMIF.CAL, LASCAMM CR-INSTM, Unità INSTM della Calabria, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy ,grid.7778.f0000 0004 1937 0319LPM-Laboratorio Preparazione Materiali, STAR-Lab, Università della Calabria, Via Tito Flavio, 28049 Rende (CS), Italy ,grid.7778.f0000 0004 1937 0319CNR-Nanotec, UoS di Cosenza, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università della Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Eugenia Giorno
- grid.7778.f0000 0004 1937 0319MAT_InLAB (Laboratorio di Materiali Molecolari Inorganici), Centro di Eccellenza CEMIF.CAL, LASCAMM CR-INSTM, Unità INSTM della Calabria, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy ,grid.7778.f0000 0004 1937 0319LPM-Laboratorio Preparazione Materiali, STAR-Lab, Università della Calabria, Via Tito Flavio, 28049 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Daniela Pacilè
- grid.7778.f0000 0004 1937 0319Dipartimento di Fisica, Università della Calabria, 87036 Rende (Cs), Italy
| | - Paolo Moras
- grid.472712.5Istituto di Struttura della Materia-CNR (ISM-CNR), 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Fernando Martín
- grid.482876.70000 0004 1762 408XInstituto IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain ,grid.5515.40000000119578126Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Módulo 13, 28049, Madrid Spain ,Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Petra Rudolf
- grid.4830.f0000 0004 0407 1981Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Raffaele Giuseppe Agostino
- grid.7778.f0000 0004 1937 0319Dipartimento di Fisica, Università della Calabria, 87036 Rende (Cs), Italy ,grid.7778.f0000 0004 1937 0319Laboratorio di Spettroscopia Avanzata dei Materiali, STAR IR, Via Tito Flavio, Università della Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Marco Papagno
- grid.7778.f0000 0004 1937 0319Dipartimento di Fisica, Università della Calabria, 87036 Rende (Cs), Italy ,grid.7778.f0000 0004 1937 0319Laboratorio di Spettroscopia Avanzata dei Materiali, STAR IR, Via Tito Flavio, Università della Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
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Hekele J, Linke M, Keller T, Jose J, Hille M, Hasselbrink E, Schlücker S, Kratzer P. A fresh look at the structure of aromatic thiols on Au surfaces from theory and experiment. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:044707. [PMID: 34340398 DOI: 10.1063/5.0053493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A detailed study of the adsorption structure of self-assembled monolayers of 4-nitrothiophenol on the Au(111) surface was performed from a theoretical perspective via first-principles density functional theory calculations and experimentally by Raman and vibrational sum frequency spectroscopy (vSFS) with an emphasis on the molecular orientation. Simulations-including an explicit van der Waals (vdW) description-for different adsorbate structures, namely, for (3×3), (2 × 2), and (3 × 3) surface unit cells, reveal a significant tilting of the molecules toward the surface with decreasing coverage from 75° down to 32° tilt angle. vSFS suggests a tilt angle of 50°, which agrees well with the one calculated for a structure with a coverage of 0.25. Furthermore, calculated vibrational eigenvectors and spectra allowed us to identify characteristic in-plane (NO2 scissoring) and out-of-plane (C-H wagging) modes and to predict their strength in the spectrum in dependence of the adsorption geometry. We additionally performed calculations for biphenylthiol and terphenylthiol to assess the impact of multiple aromatic rings and found that vdW interactions are significantly increasing with this number, as evidenced by the absorption energy and the molecule adopting a more upright-standing geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joscha Hekele
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Linke
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Keller
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jesil Jose
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marvin Hille
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Eckart Hasselbrink
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schlücker
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Peter Kratzer
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
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Hechenberger F, Kollotzek S, Ballauf L, Duensing F, Ončák M, Herman Z, Scheier P. Formation of HCN + in collisions of N + and N 2+ with a self-assembled propanethiol surface on gold. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:7777-7782. [PMID: 33015698 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04164e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Collisions of N+ and N2+ with C3 hydrocarbons, represented by a self assembled monolayer of propanethiol on a polcrystalline gold surface, were investigated by experiments over the incident energy range between 5 eV and 100 eV. For N+, formation of HCN+ is observed at incident energies of projectile ions as low as 20 eV. In the case of N2+ projectile ions, the yield of HCN+ increased above zero only at incident energies of about 50 eV. This collision energy in the laboratory frame corresponds to an activation energy of about 3 eV to 3.5 eV. In the case of N+ projectile ions, the yield of HCN+ was large for most of the incident energy range, but decreased to zero at incident energies below 20 eV. This may indicate a very small energy threshold for the surface reaction between N+ and C3 hydrocarbons of a few tenths of an eV. Such a threshold for the formation of HCN+ may exist also for collisions of N+ with an adsorbed mixture of hydrocarbon molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faro Hechenberger
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerst. 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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