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Luo Y, He Z, Yang H, Li Y, Yue D, Zhang Z, Shi G. Unexpected higher corrosion in the gas phase region of metals caused by calcium and magnesium ions compared to sodium ions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:21428-21435. [PMID: 37538025 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp01571h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
In the marine environment, Na+ ions have been the focus of attention owing to their high content, which is one of the important factors causing marine corrosion. With reference to the content of macro ions in seawater, circular iron samples were semi-immersed in 0.04 M MgCl2 and 0.6 M NaCl solutions containing different proportions of ethanol. Unexpectedly, we observed more severe corrosion effects in the gas phase region and at the gas-liquid interface of metal samples semi-immersed in the MgCl2 solution. Although the concentration of the MgCl2 solution was only 1/15 of that of the NaCl solution, the iron corrosion induced by MgCl2 was significantly more severe than that caused by NaCl when the ethanol content was increased. Mg2+ ions outperform Na+ ions in metal gas phase corrosion. Especially in the oxygen content of the gas phase corrosion product, MgCl2 caused an increase by up to 52.7%, while NaCl only resulted in a 10.3% increase. Ethanol is normally regarded as a corrosion inhibitor and exists in the liquid phase. Interestingly, in the gas phase and at the gas-liquid interface, ethanol aggravated rather than reducing iron corrosion, particularly in the presence of Mg2+ ions. In addition, we observed that Ca2+ ions produced more severe corrosion effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Luo
- Shanghai Applied Radiation Institute, State Key Lab. Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai University, No. 99 Shangda Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Zhenglin He
- Shanghai Applied Radiation Institute, State Key Lab. Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai University, No. 99 Shangda Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Huayan Yang
- Shanghai Applied Radiation Institute, State Key Lab. Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai University, No. 99 Shangda Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Yunzhang Li
- Shanghai Applied Radiation Institute, State Key Lab. Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai University, No. 99 Shangda Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Dongting Yue
- Shanghai Applied Radiation Institute, State Key Lab. Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai University, No. 99 Shangda Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Zehui Zhang
- Shanghai Applied Radiation Institute, State Key Lab. Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai University, No. 99 Shangda Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Guosheng Shi
- Shanghai Applied Radiation Institute, State Key Lab. Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai University, No. 99 Shangda Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai 200444, China.
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai 810008, P. R. China
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Li K, Feng J, Zhang Y, Wang C, Li K, Ning P, Zhang C. Regeneration of deactivated CuO@SiO2 catalysts for catalytic oxidation of AsH3: A synergy of regeneration and modification. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) ultrathin silica films have the potential to reach technological importance in electronics and catalysis. Several well-defined 2D-silica structures have been synthesized so far. The silica bilayer represents a 2D material with SiO2 stoichiometry. It consists of precisely two layers of tetrahedral [SiO4] building blocks, corner connected via oxygen bridges, thus forming a self-saturated silicon dioxide sheet with a thickness of ∼0.5 nm. Inspired by recent successful preparations and characterizations of these 2D-silica model systems, scientists now can forge novel concepts for realistic systems, particularly by atomic-scale studies with the most powerful and advanced surface science techniques and density functional theory calculations. This Review provides a solid introduction to these recent developments, breakthroughs, and implications on ultrathin 2D-silica films, including their atomic/electronic structures, chemical modifications, atom/molecule adsorptions, and catalytic reactivity properties, which can help to stimulate further investigations and understandings of these fundamentally important 2D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Qiang Zhong
- School of Physics, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 2318, Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 311121 Zhejiang, China
| | - Hans-Joachim Freund
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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