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Zhao Z, Zhang L, Zhang H, Lu G, Meng T, Hao H, Zhang Y, Li J, Yan H. Computational Insights into a CO 2-Responsive Emulsion Prepared Using the Superamphiphile Assembled by Electrostatic Interactions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:938-949. [PMID: 38134444 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
The superamphiphiles exhibit broad prospects for fabricating stimuli-responsive emulsions. Because the superamphiphiles are assembled via noncovalent interactions, they have the advantage of fast response and high efficiency. Recently, a series of switchable emulsions using CO2-responsive superamphiphiles have been developed, which extends the applications of CO2-responsive materials in widespread field. However, there is still a lack of fundamental understanding on the switching mechanism related to the assembled structure of superamphiphiles at the oil-water interface. We employed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate the reversible emulsification/demulsification process of a responsive emulsion system stabilized by a recently developed responsive superamphiphile (BTOA), which consists of oleic acid (OA) and cationic amine (named 1,3-bis(aminopropyl)tetramethyldisiloxane, BT). The simulation results present the morphologies in both the emulsion and demulsification states. It is found that the ionized OA- and the protonated BT+ together form an adsorption layer at the oil-water interface. The hydrophobic parts of BT+ are inserted into the adsorption layer, and the two amine groups contact the water phase. This adsorption layer reduces the interfacial tension and stabilizes the emulsion. After the bubbling of CO2, the surfactants were fully protonated to OA and BT2+. Because of the changes in the molecular polarity, OA and BT2+ entered the oil and water phases, respectively, resulting in demulsification. The structural and dynamical properties were analyzed to reveal the different intermolecular interactions that were responsible for the reversible reversibility of the emulsion. The observations are considered to be complementary to experimental studies and are expected to provide deeper insights into studies on developing responsive materials via supramolecular assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, P. R. China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, P. R. China
| | - Guoqiang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical & Materials Engineering, Jiangnan University, No. 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Tong Meng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, P. R. China
| | - Hongguo Hao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, P. R. China
| | - Yongmin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical & Materials Engineering, Jiangnan University, No. 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, P. R. China
| | - Hui Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, P. R. China
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Dowlati S, Mokhtari R, Hohl L, Miller R, Kraume M. Advances in CO 2-switchable surfactants towards the fabrication and application of responsive colloids. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 315:102907. [PMID: 37086624 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.102907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
CO2-switchable surfactants have selective surface-activity, which can be activated or deactivated either by adding or removing CO2 from the solution. This feature enables us to use them in the fabrication of responsive colloids, a group of dispersed systems that can be controlled by changing the environmental conditions. In chemical processes, including extraction, reaction, or heterogeneous catalysis, colloids are required in some specific steps of the processes, in which maximum contact area between immiscible phases or reactants is desired. Afterward, the colloids must be broken for the postprocessing of products, solvents, and agents, which can be facilitated by using CO2-switchable surfactants in surfactant-stabilized colloids. These surfactants are mainly cationic and can be activated by the protonation of a nitrogen-containing group upon sparging CO2 gas. Also, CO2-switchable superamphiphiles can be formed by non-covalent bonding between components at least one of which is CO2-switchable. So far, CO2-switchable surfactants have been used in CO2-switchable spherical and wormlike micelles, vesicles, emulsions, foams, and Pickering emulsions. Here, we review the fabrication procedure, chemical structure, switching scheme, stability, environmental conditions, and design philosophy of such responsive colloids. Their fields of application are wide, including emulsion polymerization, catalysis, soil washing, drug delivery, extraction, viscosity control, and oil transportation. We also emphasize their application for the CO2-assisted enhanced oil recovery (EOR) process as a promising approach for carbon capture, utilization, and storage to combat climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Dowlati
- Chair of Chemical and Process Engineering, Technical University of Berlin, Ackerstraße 76, D-13355 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Rasoul Mokhtari
- Danish Offshore Technology Centre, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Lena Hohl
- Chair of Chemical and Process Engineering, Technical University of Berlin, Ackerstraße 76, D-13355 Berlin, Germany
| | - Reinhard Miller
- Institute for Condensed Matter Physics, Technical University of Darmstadt, Hochschulstraße 8, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Matthias Kraume
- Chair of Chemical and Process Engineering, Technical University of Berlin, Ackerstraße 76, D-13355 Berlin, Germany
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Zhang B, Pinky SK, Kwansa AL, Ferguson S, Yingling YG, Stiff-Roberts AD. Correlation of Emulsion Chemistry, Film Morphology, and Device Performance in Polyfluorene LEDs Deposited by RIR-MAPLE. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:18153-18165. [PMID: 36988336 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c03012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Thin films of polyfluorene (PFO) were deposited using emulsion-based resonant infrared, matrix-assisted pulsed laser evaporation (RIR-MAPLE). Here, it is shown that properly selected surfactant chemistry in the emulsion can increase crystalline β phase (β-PFO) content and consequently improve the color purity of light emission. To determine the impact of surfactant on the device performance of resulting films, blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with PFO as an active region were fabricated and compared. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were used to explain the physical and chemical changes in the emulsion properties as a function of the surfactant. The results indicate that the experimental film morphology and device performance are highly correlated to the emulsion droplet micelle structure and interaction energy among PFO, primary solvent, and water obtained from MD simulations. While the champion device performance was lower than other reported devices (luminous flux ∼0.0206 lm, brightness ∼725.58 cd/m2, luminous efficacy ∼0.0548 lm/W, and luminous efficiency ∼0.174 cd/A), deep blue emission with good color purity (CIE chromaticity diagram coordinate of (0.177,0.141)) was achieved for low operating voltages around 3 V. Furthermore, a much higher β-phase content of 21% was achieved in annealed films (without the pinholes typically found in β-PFO deposited by other techniques) by using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as the surfactant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buang Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Sabila K Pinky
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Albert L Kwansa
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Spencer Ferguson
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Yaroslava G Yingling
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Adrienne D Stiff-Roberts
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- University Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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4
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Effect of hydrated shell layers on surface tension of electrolyte solutions: Insights from interpretable machine learning. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Xi Y, Liu B, Wang S, Wei S, Yin S, Ngai T, Yang X. CO 2-responsive Pickering emulsions stabilized by soft protein particles for interfacial biocatalysis. Chem Sci 2022; 13:2884-2890. [PMID: 35432851 PMCID: PMC8905849 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06146a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pickering emulsions are emulsions stabilized by colloidal particles and serve as an excellent platform for biphasic enzymatic catalysis. However, developing simple and green strategies to avoid enzyme denaturation, facilitate product separation, and achieve the recovery of enzyme and colloidal particle stabilizers is still a challenge. This study aimed to report an efficient and sustainable biocatalysis system via a robust CO2/N2-responsive Pickering oil-in-water (o/w) emulsion stabilized solely by pure sodium caseinate (NaCas), which was made naturally in a scalable manner. The NaCas-stabilized emulsion displayed a much higher reaction efficiency compared with conventional CO2/N2-responsive Pickering emulsions stabilized by solid particles with functional groups from polymers or surfactants introduced to tailor responsiveness, reflected by the fact that most enzymes were transferred and enriched at the oil-water interface. More importantly, the demulsification, product separation, and recycling of the NaCas emulsifier as well as the enzyme could be facilely achieved by alternatively bubbling CO2/N2 more than 30 times. Moreover, the recycled enzyme still maintained its catalytic activity, with a conversion yield of more than 90% after each cycle, which was not found in any of the previously reported CO2-responsive systems. This responsive system worked well for many different types of oils and was the first to report on a protein-based CO2/N2-responsive emulsion, holding great promise for the development of more sustainable, green chemical conversion processes for the food, pharmaceutical, and biomedical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongkang Xi
- Research and Development Centre of Food Proteins, School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products Safety, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Bo Liu
- Research and Development Centre of Food Proteins, School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products Safety, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Shuxin Wang
- Research and Development Centre of Food Proteins, School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products Safety, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Shuheng Wei
- Research and Development Centre of Food Proteins, School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products Safety, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Shouwei Yin
- Research and Development Centre of Food Proteins, School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products Safety, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China .,Sino-Singapore International Joint Research Institute Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China.,Research Institute for Food Nutrition and Human Health Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - To Ngai
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin N. T. Hong Kong
| | - Xiaoquan Yang
- Research and Development Centre of Food Proteins, School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products Safety, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
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Ma J, Yao M, Yang Y, Zhang X. Comprehensive review on stability and demulsification of unconventional heavy oil-water emulsions. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.118510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Su L, Sun J, Ding F, Gao X, Zheng L. Molecular insight into photoresponsive surfactant regulated reversible emulsification and demulsification processes. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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