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Hu J, Wang X. Infrared Photodissociation Spectroscopy of Dinuclear Vanadium-Group Metal Carbonyl Complexes: Diatomic Synergistic Activation of Carbon Monoxide. Molecules 2024; 29:2831. [PMID: 38930895 PMCID: PMC11206424 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The geometric structure and bonding features of dinuclear vanadium-group transition metal carbonyl cation complexes in the form of VM(CO)n+ (n = 9-11, M = V, Nb, and Ta) are studied by infrared photodissociation spectroscopy in conjunction with density functional calculations. The homodinuclear V2(CO)9+ is characterized as a quartet structure with CS symmetry, featuring two side-on bridging carbonyls and an end-on semi-bridging carbonyl. In contrast, for the heterodinuclear VNb(CO)9+ and VTa(CO)9+, a C2V sextet isomer with a linear bridging carbonyl is determined to coexist with the lower-lying CS structure analogous to V2(CO)9+. Bonding analyses manifest that the detected VM(CO)9+ complexes featuring an (OC)6M-V(CO)3 pattern can be regarded as the reaction products of two stable metal carbonyl fragments, and indicate the presence of the M-V d-d covalent interaction in the CS structure of VM(CO)9+. In addition, it is demonstrated that the significant activation of the bridging carbonyls in the VM(CO)9+ complexes is due in large part to the diatomic cooperation of M-V, where the strong oxophilicity of vanadium is crucial to facilitate its binding to the oxygen end of the carbonyl groups. The results offer important insight into the structure and bonding of dinuclear vanadium-containing transition metal carbonyl cluster cations and provide inspiration for the design of active vanadium-based diatomic catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China;
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Zheng H, Jiang S, Yan W, Wang T, Li S, Xie H, Li G, Yang X, Jiang L. Size-Specific Infrared Spectroscopic Study of the Reactions between Water Molecules and Neutral Vanadium Dimer: Evidence for Water Splitting. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:3878-3883. [PMID: 37068164 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Investigation of the reactions between water molecules and neutral metal clusters is important in water splitting but is very challenging due to the inherent difficulty of size selection. Here, we report a size-specific infrared-vacuum ultraviolet spectroscopic study on the reactions of water with neutral vanadium dimer. The V2O3H4 and V2O4H6 products were characterized to have unexpected V2(μ2-OH)(μ2-H)(η1-OH)2 and V2(μ2-OH)2(η1-H)2(η1-OH)2 structures, indicative of a water decomposition. A combination of theory and experiment reveals that the water splitting by V2 is both thermodynamically exothermic and kinetically facile in the gas phase. The present system serves as a model for clarifying the pivotal roles played by neutral metal clusters in water decomposition and also opens new avenues toward systematic understanding of water splitting by a large variety of single-cluster catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Wenhui Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tiantong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shangdong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hua Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Gang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xueming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Energy Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ling Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China
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Zhu Z, Liu G, Ciborowski SM, Cao Y, Harris RM, Bowen KH. Water activation and splitting by single anionic iridium atoms. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:234304. [PMID: 36550022 DOI: 10.1063/5.0130277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Mass spectrometric analysis of anionic products that result from interacting Ir- with H2O shows the efficient generation of [Ir(H2O)]- complexes and IrO- molecular anions. Anion photoelectron spectra of [Ir(H2O)]-, formed under various source conditions, exhibit spectral features that are due to three different forms of the complex: the solvated anion-molecule complex, Ir-(H2O), as well as the intermediates, [H-Ir-OH]- and [H2-Ir-O]-, where one and two O-H bonds have been broken, respectively. The measured and calculated vertical detachment energy values are in good agreement and, thus, support identification of all three types of isomers. The calculated reaction pathway shows that the overall reaction Ir- + H2O → IrO- + H2 is exothermic. Two minimum energy crossing points were found, which shuttle intermediates and products between singlet and triplet potential surfaces. This study presents the first example of water activation and splitting by single Ir- anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoguo Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St., Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Gaoxiang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St., Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Sandra M Ciborowski
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St., Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Yulu Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St., Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Rachel M Harris
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St., Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Kit H Bowen
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St., Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
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Cheng Y, Li RZ, Xu XY, Lu L. Density functional theory study of the reaction between VO− and water. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.139945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Jian X, Xin K, Hu J, Zhang L, Wang X, Wang G. Infrared Spectroscopy of Solvation in the TaO 2+ Hydrolysis Reaction. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:5054-5060. [PMID: 34085828 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c03185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The solvent effect of the TaO2+ reaction with water molecules in the gas phase is examined. Stoichiometric TaO2(H2O)n+ cations are generated by the laser vaporization of a tantalum metal target in the pulsed supersonic expansion of H2O/He mixed gas. The infrared photodissociation spectra of TaO2(H2O)n+ cations are measured using the argon-tagging technology in the 2800-3850 cm-1 region. Density functional theory calculations are carried out to identify the observed infrared bands and elucidate the reaction mechanism. In the TaO2+ reaction with one H2O molecule, both the hydrated adduct H2O-TaO2+ and dihydroxide TaO(OH)2+ are generated. The coexistence of tetrahydroxide Ta(OH)4+ and hydrated dihydroxide H2O-TaO(OH)2+ is seen when the second H2O molecule is involved. However, only the hydrated H2O-Ta(OH)4+ product is obtained in the TaO2 reaction with three H2O molecules. Theoretical calculations indicate that in the reaction, the formation of a six-membered cyclic transition state through the hydrogen bond lowers the energy barrier significantly, which promotes the transfer of the hydrogen of hydrated adducts to generate di- and tetrahydroxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhui Jian
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ke Xin
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jin Hu
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Luning Zhang
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Guanjun Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
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