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Li W, Heras D, Maris A, Melandri S, Lesarri A, Evangelisti L. A Rotational Study of 2-tert-Butylphenol and Its 1 : 1 Argon Complex. Chemphyschem 2024; 25:e202400089. [PMID: 38502679 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
The chirped-pulse Fourier Transform microwave spectrum of 2-tert-butylphenol, an industrial intermediate for the production of antioxidants, has been investigated in the 2-8 GHz frequency range. The spectral analysis has allowed obtaining precise structural information on the most stable conformer and its complex with argon. The conformation of the monomer reveals that the hydroxyl group is coplanar with the ring but points in the opposite direction to the tert-butyl group, reducing steric interactions. In the tert-butyl group one methyl group is coplanar and the other two are symmetrically staggered respect to the ring. The complex shows the rare gas sitting above the aromatic ring. Interestingly, neither the monomer nor the complex exhibit large-amplitude hydroxyl torsion motions, previously observed in 2,6-disubstituted phenols such as 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol or propofol. The experimental results are supported by computational calculations, validating the molecular structure. Additionally, symmetry-adapted perturbation theory has allowed determining the van der Waals intermolecular interaction energy of the complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqin Li
- Departamento de Química Física y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias -, I.U. CINQUIMA, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 7, 47011, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Domingo Heras
- Departamento de Química Física y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias -, I.U. CINQUIMA, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 7, 47011, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Assimo Maris
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via F. Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sonia Melandri
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via F. Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Lesarri
- Departamento de Química Física y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias -, I.U. CINQUIMA, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 7, 47011, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Luca Evangelisti
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via F. Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
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Li W, Maris A, Melandri S, Lesarri A, Evangelisti L. The Structure of 2,6-Di- tert-butylphenol-Argon by Rotational Spectroscopy. Molecules 2023; 28:8111. [PMID: 38138596 PMCID: PMC10745844 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28248111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular structure of a van der Waals-bonded complex involving 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol and a single argon atom has been determined through rotational spectroscopy. The experimentally derived structural parameters were compared to the outcomes of quantum chemical calculations that can accurately account for dispersive interactions in the cluster. The findings revealed a π-bound configuration for the complex, with the argon atom engaging the aromatic ring. The microwave spectrum reveals both fine and hyperfine tunneling components. The main spectral doubling is evident as two distinct clusters of lines, with an approximate separation of 179 MHz, attributed to the torsional motion associated with the hydroxyl group. Additionally, each component of this doublet further splits into three components, each with separations measuring less than 1 MHz. Investigation into intramolecular dynamics using a one-dimensional flexible model suggests that the main tunneling phenomenon originates from equivalent positions of the hydroxyl group. A double-minimum potential function with a barrier of 1000 (100) cm-1 effectively describes this extensive amplitude motion. However, the three-fold fine structure, potentially linked to internal motions within the tert-butyl group, requires additional scrutiny for a comprehensive understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqin Li
- Departamento de Química Física y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias—I.U. CINQUIMA, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain;
| | - Assimo Maris
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via F. Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Sonia Melandri
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via F. Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Alberto Lesarri
- Departamento de Química Física y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias—I.U. CINQUIMA, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain;
| | - Luca Evangelisti
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via S. Alberto 163, 48123 Ravenna, Italy
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Montoro-Leal P, Frías IAM, Vereda Alonso E, Errachid A, Jaffrezic-Renault N. A Molecularly Imprinted Polypyrrole/GO@Fe3O4 Nanocomposite Modified Impedimetric Sensor for the Routine Monitoring of Lysozyme. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12090727. [PMID: 36140112 PMCID: PMC9496344 DOI: 10.3390/bios12090727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Lysozyme (LYS) applications encompass anti-bacterial activity, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory effects. In this work, a porous framework that was based on the polymerization of pyrrole (PPy) in the presence of multi-functional graphene oxide/iron oxide composite (GO@Fe3O4) has been developed. Oxygen-containing and amine groups that were present in the nanocomposite were availed to assembly LYS as the molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) template. The synthesized material (MIPPy/GO@Fe3O4) was electrodeposited on top of a gold microelectrode array. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to confirm the adequate preparation of GO@Fe3O4, and the characterization of the resulting molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor (MIECS) was carried out by electrochemical impedance spectrometry (EIS), FT-IR analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The impedimetric responses were analyzed mathematically by fitting to a Q(Q(RW)) equivalent circuit and quantitative determination of LYS was obtained in a linear range from 1 pg/mL to 0.1 µg/mL, presenting good precision (RSD ≈ 10%, n = 5) and low limit of detection (LOD = 0.009 pg/mL). The fabrication of this device is relatively simple, scalable, rapid, and economical, and the sensor can be used up to nine times without disintegration. The MIECS was successfully applied to the determination of LYS in fresh chicken egg white sample and in a commercial drug, resulting in a straightforward platform for the routine monitoring of LYS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Montoro-Leal
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Málaga, 29016 Málaga, Spain
| | - Isaac A. M. Frías
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques, University of Lyon, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Elisa Vereda Alonso
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Málaga, 29016 Málaga, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Abdelhamid Errachid
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques, University of Lyon, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
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Yang T, Wang L, Wang Z, Xu Y, Feng G. Noncovalent Interactions between Aromatic Heterocycles and Carboxylic Acids: Rotational Spectroscopy of the Furan-Formic Acid and Thiophene-Formic Acid Complexes. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:4608-4616. [PMID: 35796534 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c03770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The binary molecular complexes formed between the aromatic heterocycles furan and thiophene with formic acid were investigated using pulsed-jet Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy and quantum chemical computations. For both of the complexes, rotational spectra of the lowest energy isomer were detected and assigned. Rotational spectroscopic results and density functional theory calculations support that the preferred conformation of the furan-formic acid complex is characterized by a relatively strong O-H···O and a weak C-H···O hydrogen bonds while the O-H···π and C-H···O hydrogen bonds stabilize the thiophene-formic acid complex. Natural bond orbital analysis further proves the experimental observation, suggesting that the strength of the O-H···O(furan) interaction is about two times stronger than that of O-H···π(thiophene). The symmetry adapted perturbation theory analysis reveals that electrostatic interaction is dominant in stabilizing the two complexes and that dispersion becomes significant in the thiophene-formic acid complex compared to furan-formic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Daxuecheng South Road 55, 401331 Chongqing, China
| | - Liuting Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Daxuecheng South Road 55, 401331 Chongqing, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Daxuecheng South Road 55, 401331 Chongqing, China
| | - Yugao Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Daxuecheng South Road 55, 401331 Chongqing, China
| | - Gang Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Daxuecheng South Road 55, 401331 Chongqing, China
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Wu B, Seifert NA, Oswald S, Jäger W, Xu Y. Rotational Spectrum and Molecular Structures of the Binary Aggregates of 1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoro-2-propanol with Ne and Ar. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:5355-5364. [PMID: 34115508 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c03757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The structures and binding topologies of two binary van der Waals complexes 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP)···Ne and ···Ar were investigated. The rotational spectra of these two complexes including several isotopic species containing 20Ne, 22Ne, 40Ar, 13C, and hydroxyl D were measured using a chirped pulse Fourier transform microwave spectrometer and a cavity-based Fourier transform microwave spectrometer. While HFIP was shown to exist in both the gauche and trans configurations based on previous reports, the rare gas atom is predicted to attach to HFIP in several different binding topologies, leading to a total of nine possible structural isomers for each complex. Only one isomer was detected for each species, and it corresponds to the most stable one predicted, based on the comparison of the experimental rotational constants and electric dipole moment components with the theoretical predictions and on the isotopic data. We applied quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) and electrostatic potential calculations to examine the different rare gas binding sites and to explore the nature of the interactions in these two complexes and several previously reported alcohol···Ar complexes. The effects of fluorination are also discussed by comparison with the binary complexes of isopropanol···Ne and ···Ar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowei Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Nathan A Seifert
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Sönke Oswald
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 6, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Jäger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Yunjie Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
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Cabezas C, Peña I, Caminati W. Rotational spectrum and internal dynamics of the hydrogen-bonded pyrrole-pyridine aromatic pair. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 249:119320. [PMID: 33360563 PMCID: PMC7610520 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.119320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Non-covalent interactions determine the three-dimensional structure and activity of biological molecules. In this work, the pyrrole-pyridine complex considered as a model of the NH⋯N hydrogen-bonded Watson-Crick base pairs has been generated in a supersonic expansion and characterized by chirped pulse Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy. The analysis of the unconventional spectral pattern of the 1:1 pyrrole-pyridine adduct and its 13C and 15N isotopologues reveal a non-planar complex, with a bent NH⋯N hydrogen bond and large amplitude motion of the pyrrole subunit. The bent structure is likely to arise from the stablishment of the secondary CH⋯N interaction between pyridine and pyrrole moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Cabezas
- Instituto de Física Fundamental (IFF-CSIC), Group of Molecular Astrophysics, C/Serrano 121, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Isabel Peña
- Departamento de Química Física y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Walther Caminati
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, Bologna 40126, Italy
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