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Kumar Bambam A, Dhanola A, Kumar Gajrani K. A critical review on halogen-free ionic liquids as potential metalworking fluid additives. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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Curnow OJ, Senthooran R, Somers AE. Tris(dialkylamino)cyclopropenium dialkylphosphate ionic liquids as lubricants. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:2401-2410. [PMID: 36598037 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp05109e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Six new tris(dialkylamino)cyclopropenium dialkylphosphate ionic liquids (ILs), [C3(NR2)3]BEHP (NR2 = NEt2, NBuMe, NPr2, NBu2, NHex2, NDec2; BEHP = bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate), were prepared and characterised as potential lubricants. Thermophysical and thermochemical properties of these ILs were investigated, namely: viscosity, density, conductivity, miscibility, thermal stability and phase transitions. Miscibility studies indicated that [C3(NEt2)3]BEHP would not be suitable due to its water solubility and hexane immiscibility. [C3(NDec2)3]BEHP was not investigated as a lubricant due to its low purity (the chloride salt of this cation is also hexane miscible). Of the other four, [C3(NHex2)3]BEHP was found to exhibit significantly less wear for pin-on-disk test conditions than the standard phosphonium [P6,6,6,14]BEHP IL. The amount of wear was found to generally decrease with increasing molecular weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owen J Curnow
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand.
| | - Rathiga Senthooran
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand.
| | - Anthony E Somers
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
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Fu X, Tang X, Chen T, Xu Y, Luo X, Lu Y, Wang X, Qin D, Zhang L. Understanding of the interactions between azole-anion-based ionic liquids and 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol from the experimental perspective: the cage effect. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:12550-12562. [PMID: 35579063 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00474g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The interactions between azole-anion-based ionic liquids (AILs) and 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol (MBY) play an important role in AIL-promoted carboxylative cyclization of MBY with CO2. To better understand the interactions between AILs ([P66614][Im], [P66614][4-MeIm], and [P66614][4-BrIm]) and MBY, a detailed investigation from the experimental perspective has been carried out in this study. The results show that the derivative of viscosity (η) with the mole fraction of AIL (xAIL) of AIL + MBY mixtures appears to have the maximum value when xAIL ≈ 0.3, while 1H NMR chemical shifts of P-CH2 of [P66614]+ reach the minimum value at xAIL ≈ 0.3, indicating that [P66614]+ of AILs tend to self-aggregate. The interaction parameters (gji-gii) of the systems obtained from η by the Eyring-UNIQUAC equation are positive, and the difference between the bulk and local composition (xi-xii) is always negative, indicating that AILs can interact with MBY. Moreover, excess molar volumes and isentropic compressibility deviations are all negative deviations and become more negative as the temperature increases, reaching a minimum value at xAIL ≈ 0.30, indicating that azole-based anions can form H-bonds with MBY, and MBY molecules tend to enter the aggregates formed by AILs. Consequently, the cage effect is proposed to describe the interactions between AILs and MBY: MBY first enters the cage formed by the aggregation of [P66614]+, and then forms H-bonds with azole-based anions. Finally, the sizes of the particles of the [P66614][Im] + MBY mixture from dynamic light scattering increase first and then decrease with xAIL, with the maximum of 122 nm at xAIL ≈ 0.25, which confirms the rationality of the cage effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Fu
- Department of Chemistry, Shaoxing University, 508 Huancheng West Road, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, 312000, China.
| | - Xiaochen Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Shaoxing University, 508 Huancheng West Road, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, 312000, China.
| | - Tingting Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Shaoxing University, 508 Huancheng West Road, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, 312000, China.
| | - Yingjie Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Shaoxing University, 508 Huancheng West Road, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, 312000, China. .,Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Fat-soluble Vitamin, 508 Huancheng West Road, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, 312000, China
| | - Xiang Luo
- Department of Chemistry, Shaoxing University, 508 Huancheng West Road, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, 312000, China. .,Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Fat-soluble Vitamin, 508 Huancheng West Road, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, 312000, China
| | - Yueqing Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Shaoxing University, 508 Huancheng West Road, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, 312000, China.
| | - Xuming Wang
- Zhejiang NHU Company Ltd., Xinchang 312500, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dandan Qin
- Zhejiang NHU Company Ltd., Xinchang 312500, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Zhejiang NHU Company Ltd., Xinchang 312500, Zhejiang, China
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Pandey P, Somers AE, Hait SK, Forsyth M, Ramakumar S. Study of phosphonium based ionic liquid/dispersant additive interactions using spectroscopic technique for lubricant applications. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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