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Denkler LM, Aladahalli Shekar M, Ngan TSJ, Wylie L, Abdullin D, Engeser M, Schnakenburg G, Hett T, Pilz FH, Kirchner B, Schiemann O, Kielb P, Bunescu A. A General Iron-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Oxygenation of Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202403292. [PMID: 38735849 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202403292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
We report an iron-catalyzed decarboxylative C(sp3)-O bond-forming reaction under mild, base-free conditions with visible light irradiation. The transformation uses readily available and structurally diverse carboxylic acids, iron photocatalyst, and 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl (TEMPO) derivatives as oxygenation reagents. The process exhibits a broad scope in acids possessing a wide range of stereoelectronic properties and functional groups. The developed reaction was applied to late-stage oxygenation of a series of bio-active molecules. The reaction leverages the ability of iron complexes to generate carbon-centered radicals directly from carboxylic acids by photoinduced carboxylate-to-iron charge transfer. Kinetic, electrochemical, EPR, UV/Vis, HRMS, and DFT studies revealed that TEMPO has a triple role in the reaction: as an oxygenation reagent, an oxidant to turn over the Fe-catalyst, and an internal base for the carboxylic acid deprotonation. The obtained TEMPO adducts represent versatile synthetic intermediates that were further engaged in C-C and C-heteroatom bond-forming reactions using commercial organo-photocatalysts and nucleophilic reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Mareen Denkler
- Kekulé Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Meghana Aladahalli Shekar
- Kekulé Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tak Shing Jason Ngan
- Kekulé Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Luke Wylie
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry Clausius Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Universität Bonn, Beringstraße 4, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dinar Abdullin
- Clausius Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Universität Bonn, Wegelerstraße 12, 53115, Bonn, Germany
- Transdisciplinary Research Area' Building Blocks of Matter and Fundamental Interactions (TRA Matter), University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marianne Engeser
- Kekulé Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
- Transdisciplinary Research Area' Building Blocks of Matter and Fundamental Interactions (TRA Matter), University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tobias Hett
- Clausius Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Universität Bonn, Wegelerstraße 12, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Frank Hendrik Pilz
- Clausius Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Universität Bonn, Wegelerstraße 12, 53115, Bonn, Germany
- Transdisciplinary Research Area' Building Blocks of Matter and Fundamental Interactions (TRA Matter), University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Barbara Kirchner
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry Clausius Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Universität Bonn, Beringstraße 4, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Olav Schiemann
- Clausius Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Universität Bonn, Wegelerstraße 12, 53115, Bonn, Germany
- Transdisciplinary Research Area' Building Blocks of Matter and Fundamental Interactions (TRA Matter), University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Patrycja Kielb
- Clausius Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Universität Bonn, Wegelerstraße 12, 53115, Bonn, Germany
- Transdisciplinary Research Area' Building Blocks of Matter and Fundamental Interactions (TRA Matter), University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ala Bunescu
- Kekulé Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
- Transdisciplinary Research Area' Building Blocks of Matter and Fundamental Interactions (TRA Matter), University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
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Liu B, Wei W, Wang Y, Song M, Chen Y, Chen H, Chen L, Dai Q, Yao S, Xu J, Jia G, Zhao T. Design and synthesis of low-potential and cycling-stable cobalt dicarboxylate bipyridine complexes for high-voltage aqueous organic redox flow batteries. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024; 69:1632-1636. [PMID: 38503649 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2024.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Manrong Song
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; Joint Research Center on Energy Storage Technology in Salt Caverns, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Youke Chen
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; Joint Research Center on Energy Storage Technology in Salt Caverns, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Honglin Chen
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; Joint Research Center on Energy Storage Technology in Salt Caverns, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Liuping Chen
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Well and Rocks Salt, Chinasalt Jintan Co., Ltd., Changzhou 213200, China; China Salt Cavern Comprehensive Utilization Co., Ltd., Changzhou 213200, China; Joint Research Center on Energy Storage Technology in Salt Caverns, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qiuxia Dai
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Well and Rocks Salt, Chinasalt Jintan Co., Ltd., Changzhou 213200, China; China Salt Cavern Comprehensive Utilization Co., Ltd., Changzhou 213200, China; Joint Research Center on Energy Storage Technology in Salt Caverns, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shengxin Yao
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Well and Rocks Salt, Chinasalt Jintan Co., Ltd., Changzhou 213200, China; China Salt Cavern Comprehensive Utilization Co., Ltd., Changzhou 213200, China; Joint Research Center on Energy Storage Technology in Salt Caverns, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Junhui Xu
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Well and Rocks Salt, Chinasalt Jintan Co., Ltd., Changzhou 213200, China; China Salt Cavern Comprehensive Utilization Co., Ltd., Changzhou 213200, China; Joint Research Center on Energy Storage Technology in Salt Caverns, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Guochen Jia
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Tianshou Zhao
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong 999077, China; Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; Joint Research Center on Energy Storage Technology in Salt Caverns, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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Hatakeyama-Sato K, Oyaizu K. Redox: Organic Robust Radicals and Their Polymers for Energy Conversion/Storage Devices. Chem Rev 2023; 123:11336-11391. [PMID: 37695670 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Persistent radicals can hold their unpaired electrons even under conditions where they accumulate, leading to the unique characteristics of radical ensembles with open-shell structures and their molecular properties, such as magneticity, radical trapping, catalysis, charge storage, and electrical conductivity. The molecules also display fast, reversible redox reactions, which have attracted particular attention for energy conversion and storage devices. This paper reviews the electrochemical aspects of persistent radicals and the corresponding macromolecules, radical polymers. Radical structures and their redox reactions are introduced, focusing on redox potentials, bistability, and kinetic constants for electrode reactions and electron self-exchange reactions. Unique charge transport and storage properties are also observed with the accumulated form of redox sites in radical polymers. The radical molecules have potential electrochemical applications, including in rechargeable batteries, redox flow cells, photovoltaics, diodes, and transistors, and in catalysts, which are reviewed in the last part of this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Hatakeyama-Sato
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Kenichi Oyaizu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
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Hatakeyama-Sato K, Sadakuni K, Kitagawa K, Oyaizu K. Thianthrene polymers as 4 V-class organic mediators for redox targeting reaction with LiMn 2O 4 in flow batteries. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5711. [PMID: 37029257 PMCID: PMC10082199 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32506-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Redox targeting reaction is an emerging idea for boosting the energy density of redox-flow batteries: mobile redox mediators transport electrical charges in the cells, whereas large-density electrode-active materials are fixed in tanks. This study reports 4 V-class organic polymer mediators using thianthrene derivatives as redox units. The higher potentials than conventional organic mediators (up to 3.8 V) enable charging LiMn2O4 as an inorganic cathode offering a large theoretical volumetric capacity of 500 Ah/L. Soluble or nanoparticle polymer design is beneficial for suppressing crossover reactions (ca. 3% after 300 h), simultaneously contributing to mediation reactions. The successful mediation cycles observed by repeated charging/discharging steps indicate the future capability of designing particle-based redox targeting systems with porous separators, benefiting from higher energy density and lower cost.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karin Sadakuni
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Kan Kitagawa
- Advanced Research and Innovation Center, DENSO CORPORATION, Aichi, 470-0111, Japan
| | - Kenichi Oyaizu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan.
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Goloviznina K, Salanne M. Electrochemical Properties and Local Structure of the TEMPO/TEMPO + Redox Pair in Ionic Liquids. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:742-756. [PMID: 36651119 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c07238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Redox-active organic species play an important role in catalysis, energy storage, and biotechnology. One of the representatives is the 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) radical, used as a mediator in organic synthesis and considered a safe alternative to heavy metals. In order to develop a TEMPO-based system with well-controlled electrochemical and catalytic properties, a reaction medium should be carefully chosen. Being highly conductive, stable, and low flammability fluids, ionic liquids (ILs) seem to be promising solvents with easily adjustable physical and solvation properties. In this work, we give an insight into the local structure of ILs around TEMPO and its oxidized form, TEMPO+, underlining striking differences in the solvation of these two species. The analysis is coupled with a study of thermodynamics and kinetics of oxidation in the frame of Marcus theory. Our systematic investigation includes imidazolium, pyrrolydinium, and phosphonium families combined with anions of different size, polarity, and flexibility, opting to provide a clear and comprehensive picture of the impact of the nature of IL ions on the behavior of radical/cation redox pairs. The obtained results will help to explain experimentally observed effects and to rationalize the design of TEMPO/IL systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateryna Goloviznina
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Physicochimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, F-75005Paris, France.,Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Mathieu Salanne
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Physicochimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, F-75005Paris, France.,Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039Amiens Cedex, France.,Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 75231Paris, France
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Kirchner B, Blasius J, Alizadeh V, Gansäuer A, Hollóczki O. Chemistry Dissolved in Ionic Liquids. A Theoretical Perspective. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:766-777. [PMID: 35034453 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c09092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The theoretical treatment of ionic liquids must focus now on more realistic models while at the same time keeping an accurate methodology when following recent ionic liquids research trends or allowing predictability to come to the foreground. In this Perspective, we summarize in three cases of advanced ionic liquid research what methodological progress has been made and point out difficulties that need to be overcome. As particular examples to discuss we choose reactions, chirality, and radicals in ionic liquids. All these topics have in common that an explicit or accurate treatment of the electronic structure and/or intermolecular interactions is required (accurate methodology), while at the same time system size and complexity as well as simulation time (realistic model) play an important role and must be covered as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Kirchner
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstraße 4+6, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jan Blasius
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstraße 4+6, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Vahideh Alizadeh
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstraße 4+6, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Gansäuer
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Oldamur Hollóczki
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstraße 4+6, D-53115 Bonn, Germany.,Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary
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