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Zhang X, Zhang X, Wen Z, Wang Y, Li H, Mochizuki K, Yao J. Key Roles of Free Cations in Modulating the Reaction Rate in Imidazolium Ionic Liquid-Dimethyl Sulfoxide Mixtures. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:10200-10206. [PMID: 39378137 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c04409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2024]
Abstract
Imidazolium ionic liquids (ILs) are widely utilized in various fields due to their distinctive properties. However, their high viscosity limits their application in specific reactions, and mixing ILs with organic components is a way to solve this problem. While previous studies mainly focused on the structural changes of ILs after adding organic molecules, no studies elucidated the influence of their existing species on chemical reactions. In this study, aerobic α-hydroxylation of 2-methylcyclohexanone was chosen as a model reaction, and the reaction rate was found to be adjusted by varying imidazolium concentration in its mixtures with dimethyl sulfoxide. To elucidate the mechanism, the distribution of species in an IL solution and its change with concentration were studied by molecular dynamics simulations, and the results revealed the significant impact of the concentration of free cations on the reaction rate. The interaction between the ionic species and reaction intermediate, as calculated by density functional theory, highlighted the crucial role of free cations in this reaction. This study demonstrates the feasibility of tuning the concentration of free cations by varying the concentration of the IL solution, establishing the relationship between its microstructure and chemical reaction efficiency, thus providing vital information for the design and application of ILs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
- ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Zeyu Wen
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
- ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Yongtao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
- ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Haoran Li
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
- ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Kenji Mochizuki
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Jia Yao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
- ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
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Wang Y, Sun W, Lu R, Wen Z, Yao J, Li H. Inorganic Bases Enhanced Organocatalysis for Aerobic αHydroxylation of Aliphatic Cycloketones. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongtao Wang
- Zhejiang University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Wenjing Sun
- Zhejiang University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Rui Lu
- Zhejiang University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Zeyu Wen
- Zhejiang University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Jia Yao
- Zhejiang University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Haoran Li
- Zhejiang University Department of Chemistry Zheda Road 310027 Hangzhou CHINA
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Sun W, Wang Y, Wen Z, Yao J, Li H. Mechanistic insights on base-DMSO mediated aerobic oxidation of (hetero)benzylic C-H bonds. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Li H, Wang Y, Yao J. Aerobic Oxidations via Organocatalysis: A Mechanistic Perspective. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1661-6124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThis review focuses on recent advances and mechanistic views of aerobic C(sp3)–H oxidations catalyzed by organocatalysts, where metal catalysis and photocatalysis are not included.1 Introduction2 Carbanion Route: TBD-Catalyzed C(sp3)–H Oxygenation2.1 α-Hydroxylation of Ketones2.2 Carbonylation of Benzyl C(sp3)–H3 Radical Route: NHPI-Catalyzed C(sp3)–H Oxidation3.1 N-Oxyl Radicals and Mechanisms3.2 Oxygenation of Benzyl C(sp3)–H3.3 Solvent Effects4 Hydride-Transfer Route: TEMPO-Catalyzed Oxidations4.1 Oxoammonium Cation and Mechanisms4.2 Dehydrogenation of Alcohols4.3 Oxygenation of Benzyl C(sp3)–H5 Conclusions and Outlook
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Li
- Department of Chemistry and ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Zhejiang University
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University
| | - Yongtao Wang
- Department of Chemistry and ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Zhejiang University
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Zhejiang University
| | - Jia Yao
- Department of Chemistry and ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Zhejiang University
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