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Zhu J, Wang Y, Yao J, Li H. Switching the hydrogenation selectivity of urea derivatives via subtly tuning the amount and type of additive in the catalyst system. Chem Sci 2024; 15:2089-2099. [PMID: 38332828 PMCID: PMC10848806 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05674k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Catalytic hydrogenation of urea derivatives is considered to be one of the most feasible methods for indirect reduction functionalization of CO2 and synthesis of valuable chemicals and fuels. Among value-added products, methylamines, formamides and methanol are highly attractive as important industrial raw materials. Herein, we report the highly selective catalytic hydrogenation of urea derivatives to N-monomethylamines for the first time. More importantly, two- and six-electron reduction products can be switched on/off by subtly tuning 0.5 mol% KOtBu (2% to 1.5%): when the molar ratio of KOtBu/(PPh3)3RuCl2 exceeds 2.0, it is favorable for the formation of two-electron reduction products (N-formamides), while when it is below 2.0, the two-electron reduction products are further hydrogenated to six-electron reduction products (N-monomethylamines and methanol). Furthermore, changing the type of additive can also regulate this interesting selectivity. Control experiments showed that this selectivity is achieved by regulating the acid-base environment of the reaction to control the fate of the common hemiaminal intermediate. A feasible mechanism is proposed based on mechanistic experiments and characterization. This method has the advantages of being simple, universal and highly efficient, and opens up a new synthesis strategy for the utilization of renewable carbon sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Yongtao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Jia Yao
- Department of Chemistry, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Haoran Li
- Department of Chemistry, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
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2
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Luque-Gómez A, García-Orduña P, Lahoz FJ, Iglesias M. Synthesis and catalytic activity of well-defined Co(I) complexes based on NHC-phosphane pincer ligands. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:12779-12788. [PMID: 37615585 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt00463e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
A new methodology for the preparation of Co(I)-NHC (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene) complexes, namely, [Co(PCNHCP)(CO)2][Co(CO)4] (1) and [Co(PCNHCP)(CO)2]BF4 (2), has been developed (PCNHCP = 1,3-bis(2-(diphenylphosphanyl)ethyl)-imidazol-2-ylidene). Both complexes can be straightforwardly prepared by direct reaction of their parent imidazolium salts with the Co(0) complex Co2(CO)8. Complex 1 efficiently catalyses the reductive amination of furfural and levulinic acid employing silanes as reducing agents under mild conditions. Furfural has been converted into a variety of secondary and tertiary amines employing dimethyl carbonate as the solvent, while levulinic acid has been converted into pyrrolidines under solventless conditions. Dehydrocoupling of the silane to give polysilanes has been observed to occur as a side reaction of the hydrosilylation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Luque-Gómez
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009-Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Pilar García-Orduña
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009-Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Fernando J Lahoz
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009-Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Manuel Iglesias
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009-Zaragoza, Spain.
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3
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Han F, Lu GS, Wu DP, Huang PQ. Iridium and B(C6F5)3 co-catalyzed chemoselective deoxygenative reduction of tertiary amides: application to the efficient synthesis and late-stage modification of pharmaceuticals. Sci China Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1501-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
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4
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Tang JT, Gan Y, Li X, Ye B. Regioselective reductive transamination of peptidic amides enabled by a dual Zr(IV)–H catalysis. Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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5
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Ravn AK, Rezayee NM. The Investigation of a Switchable Iridium Catalyst for the Hydrogenation of Amides: A Case Study of C–O Versus C–N Bond Scission. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne K. Ravn
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Nomaan M. Rezayee
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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Pan Y, Luo ZL, Yang J, Han J, Yang J, yao Z, Xu L, Wang P, Shi Q. Cobalt‐Catalyzed Selective Transformation of Levulinic Acid and Amines into Pyrrolidines and Pyrrolidinones under H2. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - zhen yao
- Renmin University of China CHINA
| | - Lijin Xu
- Renmin University of China CHINA
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Sun R, Guo HY, Ma SS, Wang YF, Yu Z, Xu BH. Ru(dppbsa)-catalyzed hydrodeoxygenation and reductive etherification of ketones and aldehydes. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01717a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ru(dppbsa)-catalyzed hydrodeoxygenation and reductive etherification of ketones and aldehydes were developed. The carbonyl substrates without β-CH functionality follow the hydrogenation-hydrogenolysis path, wherein the hydrogenolysis of the alkanol intermediates presents as...
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8
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Shen Z, Hong L, Zheng B, Wang G, Zhang B, Wang Z, Zhan F, Shen S, Yun R. Highly Efficient and Chemoselective Hydrogenation of Nitro Compounds into Amines by Nitrogen-Doped Porous Carbon-Supported Co/Ni Bimetallic Nanoparticles. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:16834-16839. [PMID: 34693707 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A novel Co/Ni bimetallic nanoparticle supported by nitrogen-doped porous carbon (NPC), Co5/Ni@NPC-700, exhibits high conversion, chemoselectivity, and recyclability in the hydrogenation of 16 different nitro compounds into desired amines with hydrazine hydrate under mild conditions. The synergistic effects of Co/Ni bimetal nanoparticles and the NPC-supported porous honeycomb structure with more accessible active sites may be responsible for the high catalytic hydrogenation performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Shen
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule of Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Lirui Hong
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Baishu Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule of Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Guanyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule of Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Beibei Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Zhaoxu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule of Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Feiyang Zhan
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Shaohua Shen
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule of Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Ruirui Yun
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
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Köring L, Sitte NA, Bursch M, Grimme S, Paradies J. Hydrogenation of Secondary Amides using Phosphane Oxide and Frustrated Lewis Pair Catalysis. Chemistry 2021; 27:14179-14183. [PMID: 33460471 PMCID: PMC8596796 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The metal‐free catalytic hydrogenation of secondary carboxylic acid amides is developed. The reduction is realized by two new catalytic reactions. First, the amide is converted into the imidoyl chloride by triphosgene (CO(OCCl3)2) using novel phosphorus(V) catalysts. Second, the in situ generated imidoyl chlorides are hydrogenated in high yields by an FLP‐catalyst. Mechanistic and quantum mechanical calculations support an autoinduced catalytic cycle for the hydrogenation with chloride acting as unusual Lewis base for FLP‐mediated H2‐activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Köring
- Chemistry Department, Paderborn University, Warburger Strasse 100, D-33098, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Nikolai A Sitte
- Chemistry Department, Paderborn University, Warburger Strasse 100, D-33098, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Markus Bursch
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, D-53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, D-53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jan Paradies
- Chemistry Department, Paderborn University, Warburger Strasse 100, D-33098, Paderborn, Germany
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Homogeneous and heterogeneous catalytic reduction of amides and related compounds using molecular hydrogen. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3893. [PMID: 32753681 PMCID: PMC7403344 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17588-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Catalytic hydrogenation of amides is of great interest for chemists working in organic synthesis, as the resulting amines are widely featured in natural products, drugs, agrochemicals, dyes, etc. Compared to traditional reduction of amides using (over)stoichiometric reductants, the direct hydrogenation of amides using molecular hydrogen represents a greener approach. Furthermore, amide hydrogenation is a highly versatile transformation, since not only higher amines (obtained by C–O cleavage), but also lower amines and alcohols, or amino alcohols (obtained by C–N cleavage) can be selectively accessed by fine tuning of reaction conditions. This review describes the most recent advances in the area of amide hydrogenation using H2 exclusively and molecularly defined homogeneous as well as nano-structured heterogeneous catalysts, with a special focus on catalyst development and synthetic applications. Catalytic hydrogenation of amides is a pivotal chemical transformation for both research labs and chemical production in industry. Here, the authors comprehensively review this topic by including state-of-art homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts that can hydrogenate amides and related compounds.
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