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Cuau L, Akl P, Gautheron A, Houmeau A, Chaput F, Yaromina A, Dubois L, Lambin P, Karpati S, Parola S, Rezaeifar B, Langlois JB, Si-Mohamed SA, Montcel B, Douek P, Lerouge F. Surface modification effect on contrast agent efficiency for X-ray based spectral photon-counting scanner/luminescence imaging: from fundamental study to in vivo proof of concept. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:2931-2944. [PMID: 38230699 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03710j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
X-Ray imaging techniques are among the most widely used modalities in medical imaging and their constant evolution has led to the emergence of new technologies. The new generation of computed tomography (CT) systems - spectral photonic counting CT (SPCCT) and X-ray luminescence optical imaging - are examples of such powerful techniques. With these new technologies the rising demand for new contrast agents has led to extensive research in the field of nanoparticles and the possibility to merge the modalities appears to be highly attractive. In this work, we propose the design of lanthanide-based nanocrystals as a multimodal contrast agent with the two aforementioned technologies, allowing SPCCT and optical imaging at the same time. We present a systematic study on the effect of the Tb3+ doping level and surface modification on the generation of contrast with SPCCT and the luminescence properties of GdF3:Tb3+ nanocrystals (NCs), comparing different surface grafting with organic ligands and coatings with silica to make these NCs bio-compatible. A comparison of the luminescence properties of these NCs with UV revealed that the best results were obtained for the Gd0.9Tb0.1F3 composition. This property was confirmed under X-ray excitation in microCT and with SPCCT. Moreover, we could demonstrate that the intensity of the luminescence and the excited state lifetime are strongly affected by the surface modification. Furthermore, whatever the chemical nature of the ligand, the contrast with SPCCT did not change. Finally, the successful proof of concept of multimodal imaging was performed in vivo with nude mice in the SPCCT taking advantage of the so-called color K-edge imaging method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loic Cuau
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie, 46 allée d'Italie, F69364 Lyon, France.
| | - Pia Akl
- Université de Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UJM-Saint Etienne, CNRS, Inserm, CREATIS UMR 5220, U1294, F-69621, Lyon, France
- Department of Radiology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69500 Bron, France
| | - A Gautheron
- Université de Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UJM-Saint Etienne, CNRS, Inserm, CREATIS UMR 5220, U1294, F-69621, Lyon, France
- Université Jean Monnet Saint-Etienne, CNRS, Institut d'Optique Graduate School, Laboratoire Hubert Curien UMR 5516, F-42023, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Angèle Houmeau
- Université de Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UJM-Saint Etienne, CNRS, Inserm, CREATIS UMR 5220, U1294, F-69621, Lyon, France
| | - Frédéric Chaput
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie, 46 allée d'Italie, F69364 Lyon, France.
| | - Ala Yaromina
- Department of Precision Medicine, The M-Lab, GROW - School of Oncology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6200, MD, The Netherlands
| | - Ludwig Dubois
- Department of Precision Medicine, The M-Lab, GROW - School of Oncology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6200, MD, The Netherlands
| | - Philippe Lambin
- Department of Precision Medicine, The M-Lab, GROW - School of Oncology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6200, MD, The Netherlands
| | - Szilvia Karpati
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie, 46 allée d'Italie, F69364 Lyon, France.
| | - Stephane Parola
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie, 46 allée d'Italie, F69364 Lyon, France.
| | - B Rezaeifar
- Department of Precision Medicine, The M-Lab, GROW - School of Oncology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6200, MD, The Netherlands
- Research group NuTeC, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | | | - Salim A Si-Mohamed
- Université de Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UJM-Saint Etienne, CNRS, Inserm, CREATIS UMR 5220, U1294, F-69621, Lyon, France
- Department of Radiology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69500 Bron, France
| | - Bruno Montcel
- Université de Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UJM-Saint Etienne, CNRS, Inserm, CREATIS UMR 5220, U1294, F-69621, Lyon, France
| | - Philippe Douek
- Université de Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UJM-Saint Etienne, CNRS, Inserm, CREATIS UMR 5220, U1294, F-69621, Lyon, France
- Department of Radiology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69500 Bron, France
| | - Frederic Lerouge
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie, 46 allée d'Italie, F69364 Lyon, France.
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Gálico DA, Santos Calado CM, Murugesu M. Lanthanide molecular cluster-aggregates as the next generation of optical materials. Chem Sci 2023; 14:5827-5841. [PMID: 37293634 PMCID: PMC10246660 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01088k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In this perspective, we provide an overview of the recent achievements in luminescent lanthanide-based molecular cluster-aggregates (MCAs) and illustrate why MCAs can be seen as the next generation of highly efficient optical materials. MCAs are high nuclearity compounds composed of rigid multinuclear metal cores encapsulated by organic ligands. The combination of high nuclearity and molecular structure makes MCAs an ideal class of compounds that can unify the properties of traditional nanoparticles and small molecules. By bridging the gap between both domains, MCAs intrinsically retain unique features with tremendous impacts on their optical properties. Although homometallic luminescent MCAs have been extensively studied since the late 1990s, it was only recently that heterometallic luminescent MCAs were pioneered as tunable luminescent materials. These heterometallic systems have shown tremendous impacts in areas such as anti-counterfeiting materials, luminescent thermometry, and molecular upconversion, thus representing a new generation of lanthanide-based optical materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Alves Gálico
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario K1N 6N5 Canada
| | | | - Muralee Murugesu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario K1N 6N5 Canada
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Rodrigues EM, Calvert ND, Crawford JC, Liu N, Shuhendler AJ, Hemmer E. Phytoglycogen Encapsulation of Lanthanide-Based Nanoparticles as an Optical Imaging Platform with Therapeutic Potential. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2107130. [PMID: 35560500 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202107130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lanthanide-based upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) are largely sought-after for biomedical applications ranging from bioimaging to therapy. A straightforward strategy is proposed here using the naturally sourced polymer phytoglycogen to coencapsulate UCNPs with hydrophobic photosensitizers as an optical imaging platform and light-induced therapeutic agents. The resulting multifunctional sub-micrometer-sized luminescent beads are shown to be cytocompatible as carrier materials, which encourages the assessment of their potential in biomedical applications. The loading of UCNPs of various elemental compositions enables multicolor hyperspectral imaging of the UCNP-loaded beads, endowing these materials with the potential to serve as luminescent tags for multiplexed imaging or simultaneous detection of different moieties under near-infrared (NIR) excitation. Coencapsulation of UCNPs and Rose Bengal opens the door for potential application of these microcarriers for collagen crosslinking. Alternatively, coloading UCNPs with Chlorin e6 enables NIR-light triggered generation of reactive oxygen species. Overall, the developed encapsulation methodology offers a straightforward and noncytotoxic strategy yielding water-dispersible UCNPs while preserving their bright and color-tunable upconversion emission that would allow them to fulfill their potential as multifunctional platforms for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emille M Rodrigues
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie Private, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Nicholas D Calvert
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie Private, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, University of Ottawa, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario, K1Y 4W7, Canada
| | - Justin C Crawford
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie Private, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Nan Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie Private, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Adam J Shuhendler
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie Private, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, University of Ottawa, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario, K1Y 4W7, Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials Research (CAMaR), University of Ottawa, 25 Templeton, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6X1, Canada
| | - Eva Hemmer
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie Private, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials Research (CAMaR), University of Ottawa, 25 Templeton, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6X1, Canada
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Núñez NO, Gómez-González E, Calderón-Olvera RM, Becerro AI, Colón G, Ocaña M. NaY(MoO 4) 2-based nanoparticles: synthesis, luminescence and photocatalytic properties. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:16539-16547. [PMID: 34749391 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02365a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We report on a novel synthesis method, which produces NaY(MoO4)2 nanoparticles having an almost spherical shape and hydrophilic character. The procedure is also suitable for the preparation of NaY(MoO4)2-based nanophosphors by doping this host with lanthanide cations (Eu3+, Tb3+ and Dy3+), which, under UV illumination, exhibit intense luminescence whose color is determined by the selected doping cation (red for Eu3+, green for Tb3+ and yellow for Dy3+). The effects of the cations doping level on the luminescent properties are analyzed in terms of emission intensities and luminescent lifetime, to find the optimum phosphors. Finally, the performance of these nanophosphors and that of the undoped system for the photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B, used as a model compound, is also analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria O Núñez
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (CSIC-US), c/Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Seville, Spain.
| | - Elisabet Gómez-González
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (CSIC-US), c/Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Seville, Spain.
| | - Roxana M Calderón-Olvera
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (CSIC-US), c/Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Seville, Spain.
| | - Ana I Becerro
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (CSIC-US), c/Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Seville, Spain.
| | - Gerardo Colón
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (CSIC-US), c/Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Seville, Spain.
| | - Manuel Ocaña
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla (CSIC-US), c/Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Seville, Spain.
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5
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Liu N, Holmes J, Bordenave N, Hemmer E. Microwave-assisted synthesis of NaMnF 3 particles with tuneable morphologies. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:11799-11802. [PMID: 34676854 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04714k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Here, the synthesis of sub-micron MMnF3 (M = Na or K) particles by a rapid microwave-assisted approach is reported. Adjustment of the Na+-to-Mn2+ ratio in the reaction mixture yielded tuneable morphologies, i.e., rods, ribbons, and plates. Relaxometric results indicated that poly(acrylic acid)-capped MMnF3 particles exhibited characteristic magnetic properties, which endows them with potential T1-weighted contrast agent capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie-Curie Private, Ottawa (ON) K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | - Jessica Holmes
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie-Curie Private, Ottawa (ON) K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | - Nicolas Bordenave
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie-Curie Private, Ottawa (ON) K1N 6N5, Canada. .,School of Nutrition Sciences, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa (ON) K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Eva Hemmer
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie-Curie Private, Ottawa (ON) K1N 6N5, Canada. .,Centre for Advanced Materials Research (CAMaR), University of Ottawa, Ottawa (ON) K1N 6N5, Canada
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6
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Jurga N, Przybylska D, Kamiński P, Grzyb T. Improvement of ligand-free modification strategy to obtain water-stable up-converting nanoparticles with bright emission and high reaction yield. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18846. [PMID: 34552158 PMCID: PMC8458358 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98240-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Water-dispersible up-converting nanoparticles (UCNPs) are known to be very effective in biomedical applications. Research groups have paid special attention to the synthesis of hydrophilic UCNPs with good physicochemical properties. Being aware of this, we decided to improve the ligand-free modification method of OA-capped NaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+/NaYF4 UCNPs prepared by precipitation in high-boiling-point solvents as the thus-far reported methods do not provide satisfactory results. Different molarities of hydrochloric acid and various mixing times were selected to remove the organic ligand from the NPs’ surface and to discover the most promising modification approach. Highly water-stable colloids were obtained with a very high reaction yield of up to 96%. Moreover, the acid treatment did not affect the morphology and the size of the product. All of the crystals exhibited a bright up-conversion emission under 975-nm excitation, which confirmed the two-photon excitation and effective energy transfer between the used dopant ions. Thus, we could establish the most successful ligand-free modification procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Jurga
- Department of Rare Earths, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Dominika Przybylska
- Department of Rare Earths, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Piotr Kamiński
- Department of Rare Earths, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Tomasz Grzyb
- Department of Rare Earths, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznan, Poland.
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Ferreira FDS, de Morais AJ, Santos Calado CM, Iikawa F, Couto Junior ODD, Brunet G, Murugesu M, Mazali IO, Sigoli FA. Dual magnetic field and temperature optical probes of controlled crystalline phases in lanthanide-doped multi-shell nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:14723-14733. [PMID: 34477629 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr03796j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The engineering of core@multi-shell nanoparticles containing heterogeneous crystalline phases in different layers constitutes an important strategy for obtaining optical probes. The possibility of obtaining an opto-magnetic core@multi-shell nanoparticle capable of emitting in the visible and near-infrared ranges by upconversion and downshifting processes is highly desirable, especially when its optical responses are dependent on temperature and magnetic field variations. This work proposes the synthesis of hierarchically structured core@multi-shell nanoparticles of heterogeneous crystalline phases: a cubic core containing DyIII ions responsible for magnetic properties and optically active hexagonal shells, where ErIII, YbIII, and NdIII ions were distributed. This system shows at least three excitation energies located at different biological windows, and its emission intensities are sensitive to temperature and external magnetic field variations. The selected crystalline phases of the core@multi-shell nanoparticles obtained in this work is fundamental to the development of multifunctional materials with potential applications as temperature and magnetic field optical probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia de Sousa Ferreira
- Institute of Chemistry - University of Campinas - UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6154, Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-970, Brazil.
| | - Amanda Justino de Morais
- Institute of Chemistry - University of Campinas - UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6154, Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-970, Brazil.
| | | | - Fernando Iikawa
- Institute of Physics "Gleb Wataghin" - University of Campinas - UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6165, Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Odilon D D Couto Junior
- Institute of Physics "Gleb Wataghin" - University of Campinas - UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6165, Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Brunet
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Muralee Murugesu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Italo O Mazali
- Institute of Chemistry - University of Campinas - UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6154, Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-970, Brazil.
| | - Fernando A Sigoli
- Institute of Chemistry - University of Campinas - UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6154, Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-970, Brazil.
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de Oliveira Lima K, Dos Santos LF, Galvão R, Tedesco AC, de Souza Menezes L, Gonçalves RR. Single Er 3+, Yb 3+: KGd 3F 10 Nanoparticles for Nanothermometry. Front Chem 2021; 9:712659. [PMID: 34368084 PMCID: PMC8333619 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.712659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Among several optical non-contact thermometry methods, luminescence thermometry is the most versatile approach. Lanthanide-based luminescence nanothermometers may exploit not only downshifting, but also upconversion (UC) mechanisms. UC-based nanothermometers are interesting for biological applications: they efficiently convert near-infrared radiation to visible light, allowing local temperatures to be determined through spectroscopic investigation. Here, we have synthesized highly crystalline Er3+, Yb3+ co-doped upconverting KGd3F10 nanoparticles (NPs) by the EDTA-assisted hydrothermal method. We characterized the structure and morphology of the obtained NPs by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering. Nonlinear spectroscopic studies with the Er3+, Yb3+: KGd3F10 powder showed intense green and red emissions under excitation at 980 and 1,550 nm. Two- and three-photon processes were attributed to the UC mechanisms under excitation at 980 and 1,550 nm. Strong NIR emission centered at 1,530 nm occurred under low 980-nm power densities. Single NPs presented strong green and red emissions under continuous wave excitation at 975.5 nm, so we evaluated their use as primary nanothermometers by employing the Luminescence Intensity Ratio technique. We determined the temperature felt by the dried NPs by integrating the intensity ratio between the thermally coupled 2H11/2→4I15/2 and 4S3/2→4I15/2 levels of Er3+ ions in the colloidal phase and at the single NP level. The best thermal sensitivity of a single Er3+, Yb3+: KGd3F10 NP was 1.17% at the single NP level for the dry state at 300 K, indicating potential application of this material as accurate nanothermometer in the thermal range of biological interest. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first promising thermometry based on single KGd3F10 particles, with potential use as biomarkers in the NIR-II region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karmel de Oliveira Lima
- Laboratório de Materiais Luminescentes Micro e Nanoestruturados-Mater Lumen, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fernando Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Materiais Luminescentes Micro e Nanoestruturados-Mater Lumen, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Galvão
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Antonio Claudio Tedesco
- Center of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering-Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Philosophy, Science and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Rogéria Rocha Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Materiais Luminescentes Micro e Nanoestruturados-Mater Lumen, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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9
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Vozlič M, Černič T, Gyergyek S, Majaron B, Ponikvar-Svet M, Kostiv U, Horák D, Lisjak D. Formation of phosphonate coatings for improved chemical stability of upconverting nanoparticles under physiological conditions. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:6588-6597. [PMID: 33899872 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt00304f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) are being extensively investigated for applications in bioimaging because of their ability to emit ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared light. NaYF4 is one of the most suitable host matrices for producing high-intensity upconversion fluorescence; however, UCNPs based on NaYF4 are not chemically stable in aqueous media. To prevent dissolution, their surfaces should be modified. We studied the formation of protective phosphonate coatings made of ethylenediamine(tetramethylenephosphonic acid), alendronic acid, and poly(ethylene glycol)-neridronate on cubic NaYF4 nanoparticles and hexagonal Yb3+,Er3+-doped upconverting NaYF4 nanoparticles (β-UCNPs). The effects of synthesis temperature and ultrasonic agitation on the quality of the coatings were studied. The formation of the coatings was investigated by transmission electron microscopy, zeta-potential measurements, and infrared spectroscopy. The quality of the phosphonate coatings was examined with respect to preventing the dissolution of the NPs in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). The dissolution tests were carried out under physiological conditions (37 °C and pH 7.4) for 3 days and were followed by measurements of the dissolved fluoride with an ion-selective electrode. We found that the protection of the phosphonate coatings can be significantly increased by synthesizing them at 80 °C. At the same time, the coatings obtained at this temperature suppressed the surface quenching of the upconversion fluorescence in β-UCNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maša Vozlič
- JoŽef Stefan Institute, Department for Materials Synthesis, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia and Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Tina Černič
- JoŽef Stefan Institute, Department for Materials Synthesis, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia and JoŽef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sašo Gyergyek
- JoŽef Stefan Institute, Department for Materials Synthesis, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Boris Majaron
- JoŽef Stefan Institute, Department of Complex Matter, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia and Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, Jadranska 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Maja Ponikvar-Svet
- JoŽef Stefan Institute, Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Technology, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Uliana Kostiv
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Horák
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Darja Lisjak
- JoŽef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Poma PY, Sales TO, Kumar KU, Jacinto C. Role of heat treatment on the structural and luminescence properties of Yb 3+/Ln 3+ (Ln = Tm, Ho and Er) co-doped LaF 3 nanoparticles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:24535-24543. [PMID: 33094302 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03316b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hexagonal LaF3:Yb3+/Ln3+ and tetragonal LaOF:Yb3+/Ln3+ (Ln = Ho, Tm, Er) have been successfully prepared via a two-step reaction, which includes a facile aqueous ligand free solution method and the following heat treatment of the as-prepared LaF3 precursor. The phase formation evolution from LaF3 to LaOF with different phase structures was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, and Raman spectroscopy. At an annealing temperature of 500 °C pure hexagonal LaF3:Yb3+/Ln3+ (Ln = Ho, Tm, Er) nanoparticles with an average size of 32 nm were obtained and they showed a strong visible upconversion and a modest infrared emission upon 976 nm laser excitation. Further, using an annealing temperature of 900 °C, tetragonal LaOF:Yb3+/Ln3+ (Ln = Ho, Tm, Er) nanoparticles with a size of around 44 nm were obtained (obtained from XRD) and an expressive enhancement in the emission of the VIS and near-infrared regions was observed. These results envision applications that require efficient emissions such as fluorescent and thermal images, and LaF3 nanocrystals have recently been widely explored for applications in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Y Poma
- Group of Nano-Photonics and Imaging, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 57072-900, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil.
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