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Zhang Y, Ablott TA, Nicholas MK, Karatchevtseva I, Plášil J. Capturing ammonium nitrate in a synthetic uranium oxide hydrate phase: revealing the role of ammonium ions and anion inclusions. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:11112-11119. [PMID: 38887085 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt01372g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Although uranium oxide hydrate (UOH) minerals and synthetic phases have been extensively studied, the role of ammonium ions in the formation of UOH materials is not well understood. In this work, the stabilization of a synthetic UOH phase with ammonium ions and the inclusion of ammonium nitrate were investigated using a range of structural and spectroscopic techniques. Compound (NH4)2(NO3)[(UO2)3O2(OH)3] (U-N1) crystallises in the orthorhombic Pmn21 space group, having a layered structure with typical α-U3O8 type layers and interlayer (NH4)+ cations as well as (NO3)- anions. The presence of uranyl, (NH4)+ cations and (NO3)- anions were further confirmed with a combination of FTIR and Raman spectroscopies through characteristic vibrational modes. The roles of the (NH4)+ cations for charge compensation and facilitating the inclusion of (NO3)- anions via hydrogen bonding were revealed and discussed. The findings have implications for uranium geochemistry, reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel and possible spent nuclear fuel alteration pathways under geological disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Zhang
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia.
| | - Timothy A Ablott
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia.
| | - Maria K Nicholas
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia.
| | - Inna Karatchevtseva
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia.
| | - Jakub Plášil
- Department of Structure Analysis, Institute of Physics of the CAS, Na Slovance 2, Praha 8, 182 00, Czech Republic
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Zhang Y, Lu KT, Ablott TA, Zheng R. Uranium Oxide Hydrate Frameworks with Dy(III) or Lu(III) Ions: Insights Into the Framework Structures With Lanthanide Ions. Chem Asian J 2024:e202400101. [PMID: 38629889 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/15/2024]
Abstract
Two uranium oxide hydrate frameworks (UOHFs) with either Dy3+ or Lu3+ ions, Dy1.36(H2O)6[(UO2)10UO13(OH)4] (UOHF-Dy) or Lu2(H2O)8[(UO2)10UO14(OH)3] (UOHF-Lu), were synthesized hydrothermally and characterized with a range of structural and spectroscopic techniques. Although SEM-EDS analysis confirmed the same atomic ratio of ~5.5 for U : Dy and U : Lu, they displayed different crystal morphologies, needles for UOHF-Dy in the orthorhombic C2221 space group and plates for UOHF-Lu in the triclinic P-1 space group. Both frameworks are composed of β-U3O8 type layers linked by pentagonal bipyramidal uranium polyhedra, with the Dy3+/Lu3+ ions inside the channels. However, the arrangements of Dy3+/Lu3+ ions are different, with disordered Dy3+ ions well aligned at the centers of the channels and single Lu3+ ions well-separated in a zigzag pattern in the channels. While the characteristic vibrational modes were revealed by Raman spectroscopy, the presence of a pentavalent uranium center in UOHF-Lu was confirmed with diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The formation of two types of UOHFs with lanthanide ions, high or low symmetry, and the structure trend were discussed regards to synthesis conditions and lanthanide ionic radius. This work highlights the complex chemistry driving the formation of UOHFs with lanthanide ions and has implications to the spent nuclear fuel under geological disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Zhang
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW, 2232, Australia
| | - Kimbal T Lu
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW, 2232, Australia
- School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Timothy A Ablott
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW, 2232, Australia
| | - Rongkun Zheng
- School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
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Zhang Y, Lu KT, Wei T, Karatchevtseva I, Zheng R. Filling the gaps of uranium oxide hydrates with magnesium(II) ions: unique layered structures and the role of additional sodium(I) ions. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:17942-17953. [PMID: 37982185 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03078d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Alkaline earth metal ions play an important role in the formation of secondary uranium minerals due to their abundance in the Earth's crust. Although uranium oxide hydrate (UOH) minerals and synthetic phases with calcium, strontium and barium ions have been investigated, their counterparts with magnesium ions are much less studied. In this work, synthetic UOH materials with magnesium ions have been investigated with three new compounds being synthesised and characterised. Compound Mg2(H3O)2(H2O)6[(UO2)3O4(OH)]2 (U-Mg1 with a U : Mg ratio of 3 : 1) crystallises in the monoclinic P21/c space group having a layered crystal structure, constructed by β-U3O8 layers with 6-fold coordinated Mg2+ ions as interlayer cations. Compound Na2Mg(H2O)4[(UO2)3O3(OH)2]2 (U-Mg2p with U : Mg : Na ratios of 6 : 1 : 2) crystallises in the triclinic P1̄ space group having a layered structure, constructed by a unique type of uranium oxide hydroxide layer containing both α-U3O8 and β-U3O8 features, with alternating layers of 6-fold coordinated Mg2+ and 6-/8-fold coordinated Na+ interlayer cations. Compound Na2Mg(H2O)4[(UO2)4O3(OH)4]2 (U-Mg2n with U : Mg : Na ratios of 8 : 1 : 2) crystallises in the triclinic P1̄ space group having a corrugated layer structure, constructed by a unique type of uranium oxide hydroxide layer with mixed 6-fold coordinated Mg2+ and 7-fold coordinated Na+ interlayer cations. The structural diversity in the UOH-Mg system was achieved by adjusting the solution pH using NaOH, highlighting the importance of solution pH control and the additional Na+ ions in the formation of UOH phases. The extra structural flexibility offered by the Na+ ions emphasizes the opportunity for synthesising UOHs with dual-cations to further improve our understanding of the alteration products of spent nuclear fuel under geological disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Zhang
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia.
| | - Kimbal T Lu
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia.
- School of Physics and Advanced Materials, University of Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Tao Wei
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia.
| | - I Karatchevtseva
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia.
| | - Rongkun Zheng
- School of Physics and Advanced Materials, University of Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
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Ablott TA, Lu KT, Wei T, Zhang Y. Exploring the influence of pH on the structural intricacies of uranium oxide hydrates containing both Cd(II) and K(I) ions. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:6629-6640. [PMID: 37115003 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt00630a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of two new dual-cation uranium oxide hydrate (UOH) materials, containing both Cd2+ and K+ ions, along with their characterisation by means of single-crystal X-ray diffraction and a range of other structural and spectroscopic techniques. The materials were found to differ in structures, topology and uranium to cation ratios, with the layered UOH-Cd crystallising in a plate morphology and containing a U : Cd : K ratio of 3 : 1.5 : 1. Conversely, the framework-type UOF-Cd incorporates much less Cd, with a U : Cd : K ratio of 4.4 : 0.2 : 1 and is found as needle-like crystals. A common feature in both structures is the presence of β-U3O8 type layers with a distinct uranium centre which lacks the expected uranyl bonds, highlighting the importance of the β-U3O8 layer in the subsequent self-assembly and preferential formation of a variety of structural types. Most importantly, by exploiting the additional flexibility provided by monovalent cation species (i.e., K+) as secondary metal cations to synthesise these novel dual-cation materials, this work highlights the potential for broadening the scope of viable synthetic UOH phases towards furthering the understanding of these systems in their roles as alteration products in the surrounds of spent nuclear fuel in deep geological repositories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy A Ablott
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia.
| | - Kimbal T Lu
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia.
| | - Tao Wei
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia.
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia.
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Zhang Y, Lu KT, Zheng R. Synthetic uranium oxide hydrate materials: Current advances and future perspectives. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:2158-2169. [PMID: 35037012 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03916d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Uranium oxide hydrate (UOH) materials, a group of minerals and synthetic phases, have attracted recent attention due to their high structural flexibility and diversity as well as their primary relationship with natural weathering of the mineral uraninite and the alteration of spent nuclear fuel (SNF) in geological disposal. Due to the limited structural and chemical understanding of UOH minerals, synthetic UOH phases provide a unique opportunity to fill existing knowledge gaps through the exploration of further structural diversity and distinctive properties, as well as potential applications. Some of the latest developments of synthetic UOH phases include the incorporation of 3d transition metal and lanthanide ions, the evolution of uranyl oxide hydroxide layers driven by interlayer charge, the structural diversity of uranyl oxide hydrate frameworks, and the intrinsic driving force for the formation of diversified structural types. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary of the latest advancements of synthetic UOH phases with 3d transition and lanthanide metal ions, including their syntheses, structural diversities, microstructures, uranium valences, vibration modes, and structural and chemical complexities. It also highlights the subsequent implications of these advancements on uranium geochemistry and SNF alterations, amongst other potential applications. A further discussion on technical challenges and knowledge gaps is included to identify areas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Zhang
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia.
| | - Kimbal T Lu
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia. .,School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Rongkun Zheng
- School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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Lu KT, Zhang Y, Wei T, Ablott TA, Nguyen TH, Zheng R. Synthesis and characterization of a uranium oxide hydrate framework with Sr(ii) ions: structural insights and mixed uranium valences. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj05101f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A uranium oxide hydrate framework with Sr(ii) ions was synthesized hydrothermally and characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimbal T. Lu
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia
- School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia
| | - Tao Wei
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia
| | - Timothy A. Ablott
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia
| | - Thanh Ha Nguyen
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia
| | - Rongkun Zheng
- School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
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Plášil J, Petříček V, Škoda R, Meisser N, Kasatkin AV. Hidden and apparent twins in uranyl-oxide minerals agrinierite and rameauite: a demonstration of metric and reticular merohedry. J Appl Crystallogr 2021; 54:1656-1663. [PMID: 34963763 PMCID: PMC8662962 DOI: 10.1107/s1600576721009663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Two examples of twinning, by metric and reticular merohedry, in uranyl-oxide minerals demonstrate the care that must be taken during structural studies, and not only of such complex materials. This contribution also demonstrates the possibilities of the Jana2020 program in revealing twinning and in subsequent refinement. In this work, the structures of chemically related uranyl-oxide minerals agrinierite and rameauite have been revisited and some corrections to the available structure data are provided. Both structures were found to be twinned. The two minerals are chemically similar, and though their structures differ considerably, their unit-cell metrics are similar. Agrinierite was found to be twinned by metric merohedry (diffraction type I), whereas the structure of rameauite is twinned by reticular merohedry (diffraction type II). The twinning of the monoclinic unit cells (true cells) leads to pseudo-orthorhombic or pseudo-tetragonal supercells in the single-crystal diffraction patterns of both minerals. According to the new data and refinement, agrinierite is monoclinic (space group Cm), with a = 14.069 (3), b = 14.220 (3), c = 13.967 (3) Å, β = 120.24 (12)° and V = 2414.2 (12) Å3 (Z = 2). The twinning can be expressed as a mirror in (101) (apart from the inversion twin), which leads to a supercell with a = 14.121, b = 14.276, c = 24.221 Å and V = 2 × 2441 Å3, which is F centered. The new structure refinement converged to R = 3.54% for 6545 unique observed reflections with I > 3σ(I) and GOF = 1.07. Rameauite is also monoclinic (space group Cc), with a = 13.947 (3), b = 14.300 (3), c = 13.888 (3) Å, β = 118.50 (3)° and V = 2434.3 (11) Å3 (Z = 2). The twinning can be expressed as a mirror in (101) (apart from the inversion twin), which leads to a supercell with a = 14.223, b = 14.300, c = 23.921 Å and V = 2 × 2434 Å3, which is C centered. The new structure refinement of rameauite converged to R = 4.23% for 2344 unique observed reflections with I > 3σ(I) and GOF = 1.48. The current investigation documented how peculiar twinning can be, not only for this group of minerals, and how care must be taken in handling the data biased by twinning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Plášil
- Institute of Physics ASCR, v.v.i., Na Slovance 2, Prague 8, 18221, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Petříček
- Institute of Physics ASCR, v.v.i., Na Slovance 2, Prague 8, 18221, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Škoda
- Department of Geological Sciences, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno, 61137, Czech Republic
| | - Nicolas Meisser
- Musée cantonal de géologie, Université de Lausanne, Anthropole, Dorigny CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Anatoly V Kasatkin
- Fersman Mineralogical Museum of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 18-2, Moscow 119071, Russian Federation
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Lu KT, Zhang Y, Wei T, Wang Z, Oldfield DT, Zheng R. Hydrothermal Syntheses of Uranium Oxide Hydrate Materials with Sm(III) Ions: pH-Driven Diversities in Structures and Morphologies and Sm-Doped Porous Uranium Oxides Derived from Their Thermal Decompositions. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:13233-13241. [PMID: 34445862 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report the hydrothermal syntheses of three uranyl oxide hydroxy-hydrate (UOH) materials containing Sm(III) ions (UOH-Sm) by controlling the solution pH and a new way to make Sm-doped porous uranium oxides with different U-to-Sm atomic ratios via their thermal decompositions. While layer-structured UOH-Sm phases with U-to-Sm atomic ratios of 1 (UOH-Sm1) and 4 (UOH-Sm2) were obtained from the reaction of schoepite and samarium nitrate with final solution pH values of over 4, similar reactions without pH adjustment with final solution pH values of less than 4 led to the formation of a uranyl oxide framework (UOF-Sm) with a U-to-Sm atomic ratio of 5.5. The crystal structure of compound UOF-Sm was revealed with synchrotron single-crystal X-ray diffraction and confirmed with transmission electron microscopy. The two-dimensional uranyl oxide hydroxide layers, similar to that for β-U3O8, are linked by double pentagonal uranyl polyhedra to form a three-dimensional framework with Sm(III) ions in the channels. Scanning electron microscopy characterization revealed nanoplate crystal morphologies for the two UOH-Sm phases, in contrast to the needle morphology for UOF-Sm. Subsequent thermal treatments led to the formation of Sm-doped uranium oxides, maintaining the original crystal shapes and U-to-Sm ratios but with nanopores. This work demonstrated that the hydrothermal synthesis conditions, especially fine-tuning of the solution pH, have a significant impact on the uranium hydrolysis, thus leading to well-defined products. This will facilitate the targeted syntheses of UOH phases with lanthanide (Ln) ions and explore the subsequent applications of these materials and Ln-doped porous uranium oxides as potential nuclear or functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimbal T Lu
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, New South Wales 2232, Australia.,School of Physics and Advanced Materials, University of Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, New South Wales 2232, Australia
| | - Tao Wei
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, New South Wales 2232, Australia
| | - Zhiyang Wang
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, New South Wales 2232, Australia
| | - Daniel T Oldfield
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, New South Wales 2232, Australia
| | - Rongkun Zheng
- School of Physics and Advanced Materials, University of Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
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Huang X, Li J, Su X, Fang K, Wang Z, Liu L, Wang H, Yang C, Wang X. Remarkable damage in talc caused by electron beam irradiation with a dose of up to 1000 kGy: lattice shrinkage in the Z- and Y-axis and corresponding intrinsic microstructural transformation process speculation. RSC Adv 2021; 11:21870-21884. [PMID: 35478784 PMCID: PMC9034090 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04012j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To reduce the polluted areas caused by the migration of radioactive or toxic matter, a clear understanding of soil matrix stability, especially the lattice, is essential under irradiation conditions like those of β-ray irradiation. In reality, the matrix of soil or clay is silicate, with talc being one of the most simple species with a similar structure to that matter, exhibiting “2 : 1” stacking and a complete crystal. Therefore, in this work, it was irradiated by an electron beam in air with dose up to 1000 kGy. Then, variations in lattice and the intrinsic microstructural transformation process, especially in terms of defect formation and transformation, were explored. The main results show that irradiation led to talc lattice plane shrinkage and amorphization. Shrinkage and amorphization levels in the Z-axis were more serious than those in the Y-axis. For a 1000 kGy-irradiated sample, the shrinkage level of the (002) lattice plane was close to 2% near 0.2 Å and that of (020) was close to 1.3% near 0.06 Å. Variation in the (002) lattice plane was more obvious than that of (020). The main mechanisms involve the cleavage of tetrahedral Si–O and linkage of tetrahedra and octahedra. Tetrahedral Si–O cleavage was visible, leading to serious amorphization. Nevertheless, lattice plane shrinkage, especially in the Z-axis, was mainly caused by linkage cleavage in this direction. In addition to linkage cleavage, dehydroxylation and H2O volatilization occurred, coupled with H2O radiolysis. Nevertheless, those factors are secondary to lattice variation. Upon irradiation, tetrahedral Si–O and the links of tetrahedron and octahedron sheets are cleaved, leading to shrinkage and amorphization. That in the Z-axis is more pronounced than in the Y-axis.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Huang
- School of Textile Science and Engineering
- Wuhan Textile University
- Wuhan 430200
- China
| | - Jiayan Li
- School of Textile Science and Engineering
- Wuhan Textile University
- Wuhan 430200
- China
| | - Xiaoya Su
- School of Textile Science and Engineering
- Wuhan Textile University
- Wuhan 430200
- China
| | - Ke Fang
- School of Textile Science and Engineering
- Wuhan Textile University
- Wuhan 430200
- China
| | - Zishuang Wang
- School of Textile Science and Engineering
- Wuhan Textile University
- Wuhan 430200
- China
| | - Lin Liu
- School of Textile Science and Engineering
- Wuhan Textile University
- Wuhan 430200
- China
| | - Honglong Wang
- School of Textile Science and Engineering
- Wuhan Textile University
- Wuhan 430200
- China
| | - Chenguang Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Wuhan Textile University
- Wuhan 430200
- China
| | - Xiaoguang Wang
- School of Textile Science and Engineering
- Wuhan Textile University
- Wuhan 430200
- China
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