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Corredoira-Vázquez J, Oreiro-Martínez P, Nieto-Pastoriza D, García-Deibe AM, Sanmartín-Matalobos J, Fondo M. Dy 4, Dy 5, and Ho 2 Complexes of an N3O2 Aminophenol Donor: A Dy 5-µ 3-Peroxide Single Molecule Magnet. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24109061. [PMID: 37240407 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24109061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The reactivity of the new flexible potentially pentadentate N3O2 aminophenol ligand H4Lr (2,2'-((pyridine-2,6-diylbis(methylene))bis(azanediyl))diphenol) towards different dysprosium salts and holmium(III) nitrate was investigated. Accordingly, this reactivity seems to greatly depend on the metal ion and salt employed. In this way, the reaction of H4Lr with dysprosium(III) chloride in air leads to the oxo-bridged tetranuclear complex [Dy4(H2Lr)3(Cl)4(μ3-O)(EtOH)2(H2O)2]·2EtOH·H2O (1·2EtOH·H2O), while the same reaction just changing the chloride salt by the nitrate one renders the peroxo-bridged pentanuclear compound [Dy5(H2Lr)2(H2.5Lr)2(NO3)4(µ3-O2)2]·2H2O (2·2H2O), where both peroxo ligands seem to come from the fixation and reduction of atmospheric oxygen. However, if holmium(III) nitrate is used instead of dysprosium(III) nitrate, no evidence of a peroxide ligand is observed, and the dinuclear complex {[Ho2(H2Lr)(H3Lr)(NO3)2(H2O)2](NO3)} 2.5H2O (3·2.5H2O) is isolated. The three complexes were unequivocally characterized by X-ray diffraction techniques, and their magnetic properties were analyzed. Thus, while the Dy4 and Ho2 complexes do not show magnet-like behavior even in the presence of an external magnetic field, 2·2H2O is a single molecule magnet, with an Ueff barrier of 61.2 K (43.2 cm-1). This is the first homonuclear lanthanoid peroxide SMM, which also shows the highest barrier among the reported 4f/3d peroxide zero field SMMs to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Corredoira-Vázquez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultade de Química, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Phantom-g, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Paula Oreiro-Martínez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultade de Química, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Daniel Nieto-Pastoriza
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultade de Química, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana M García-Deibe
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultade de Química, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jesús Sanmartín-Matalobos
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultade de Química, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Institute of Materials (iMATUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Matilde Fondo
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultade de Química, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Peedika Paramban R, Guo Z, Deacon GB, Junk PC. Formation of a cyclooctatetraenylsamarium(III) inverse sandwich that ring-opens tetrahydrofuran. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:3563-3566. [PMID: 36637021 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt04164b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Reductive trapping of the cyclooctatetraenyl dianion (COT2-) by treatment of [Sm(DippForm)2(thf)2] (DippFormH = N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)formamidine; thf = tetrahydrofuran) with 1,3,5,7-cyclooctatetraene (C8H8) in toluene yields an inverse sandwich dinuclear complex [Sm2(DippForm)4(COT)] (1), but [Sm(DippForm)(COT)(thf)2] (2) and [Sm(DippForm)2(O-C4H8-DippForm)(thf)] (3) in thf, and 1 yields 2 and 3 on treatment with thf.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhifang Guo
- College of Science & Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia.
| | - Glen B Deacon
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Peter C Junk
- College of Science & Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia.
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Guo Z, Deacon GB, Junk PC. Unexpected C−F activation during redox transmetallation with silver
N,N
′‐bis(2,6‐difluorophenyl)formamidinate. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202200189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhifang Guo
- School of Chemistry Monash University Clayton 3800 Australia
- College of Science & Engineering James Cook University Townsville 4811 Qld Australia
| | - Glen B. Deacon
- School of Chemistry Monash University Clayton 3800 Australia
| | - Peter C. Junk
- College of Science & Engineering James Cook University Townsville 4811 Qld Australia
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Abstract
The number of rare earth (RE) starting materials used in synthesis is staggering, ranging from simple binary metal-halide salts to borohydrides and "designer reagents" such as alkyl and organoaluminate complexes. This review collates the most important starting materials used in RE synthetic chemistry, including essential information on their preparations and uses in modern synthetic methodologies. The review is divided by starting material category and supporting ligands (i.e., metals as synthetic precursors, halides, borohydrides, nitrogen donors, oxygen donors, triflates, and organometallic reagents), and in each section relevant synthetic methodologies and applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Ortu
- School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, LE1 7RH Leicester, U.K.
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Bashirov DA, Kolybalov DS, Mironova OA, Sukhikh TS, Konchenko SN. On the usability of salt metathesis reactions for the synthesis of sterically crowded tris-formamidinate Ln( iii) complexes: success and limits. Spontaneous reduction of Eu( iii) to Eu( ii). NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj01589g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
New homoleptic complexes of Eu3+ and Nd3+ bearing three bulky N,N′-bis(diisopropylphenyl)formamidinates were prepared using salt metathesis in a toluene medium. In the presence of THF, the sterically-induced reduction of Eu3+ to Eu2+ was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis A. Bashirov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Akademika Lavrentieva Ave. 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Dmitry S. Kolybalov
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Olga A. Mironova
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Akademika Lavrentieva Ave. 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Taisiya S. Sukhikh
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Akademika Lavrentieva Ave. 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Sergey N. Konchenko
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Akademika Lavrentieva Ave. 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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Guo Z, Wang N, Blair VL, Izgorodina EI, Deacon GB, Junk PC. Facile synthesis and structures of silver formamidinates and pyrazolates†. Aust J Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1071/ch21282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Guo Z, Blair VL, Deacon GB, Junk PC. Europium is Different: Solvent and Ligand Effects on Oxidation State Outcomes and C-F Activation in Reactions Between Europium Metal and Pentafluorophenylsilver. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202103865. [PMID: 34859510 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Unique outcomes have emerged from the redox transmetallation/ protolysis (RTP) reactions of europium metal with [Ag(C6 F5 )(py)] (py=pyridine) and pyrazoles (RR'pzH). In pyridine, a solvent not normally used for RTP reactions, the products were mainly EuII complexes, [Eu(RR'pz)2 (py)4 ] (RR'pz=3,5-diphenylpyrazolate (Ph2 pz) 1; 3-(2-thienyl)-5-trifluoromethylpyrazolate (ttfpz) 2; 3-methyl-5-phenylpyrazolate (PhMepz) 3). However, use of 3,5-di-tert-butylpyrazole (tBu2 pzH) gave trivalent [Eu(tBu2 pz)3 (py)2 ] 4, whereas the bulkier N,N'-bis(2,6-difluorophenyl)formamidine (DFFormH) gave divalent [Eu(DFForm)2 (py)3 ] 5. In tetrahydrofuran (thf), the usual solvent for RTP reactions, C-F activation was observed for the first time with [Ag(C6 F5 )(py)] in such reactions. Thus trivalent [{Eu2 (Ph2 pz)4 (py)4 (thf)2 (μ-F)2 }{Eu2 (Ph2 pz)4 (py)2 (thf)4 (μ-F)2 }] (6), [Eu2 (ttfpz)4 (py)2 (dme)2 (μ-F)2 ] (7), [Eu2 (tBu2 pz)4 (dme)2 (μ-F)2 ] (8) were obtained from the appropriate pyrazoles, the last two after crystallization from 1,2-dimethoxyethane (dme). Surprisingly 3,5-dimethylpyrazole (Me2 pzH) gave the divalent cage [Eu6 (Me2 pz)10 (thf)6 (μ-F)2 ] (9). This has a compact ovoid core held together by bridging fluoride, thf, and pyrazolate ligands, the last including the rare μ4 -1η5 (N2 C3 ): 2η2 (N,N'): 3κ(N): 4κ(N') pyrazolate binding mode. With the bulky N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)formamidine (DippFormH), which often favours C-F activation in RTP reactions, neither oxidation to EuIII nor C-F activation was observed and [Eu(DippForm)2 (thf)2 ] (10) was isolated. By contrast, Eu reacted with Bi(C6 F5 )3 and Ph2 pzH or tBu2 pzH in thf without C-F activation, to give [Eu(Ph2 pz)2 (thf)4 ] (11) and [Eu(tBu2 pz)3 (thf)2 ] (12) respectively, the oxidation state outcomes corresponding to that for use of [Ag(C6 F5 )(py)] in pyridine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifang Guo
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, 3800, Australia.,College of Science & Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, 4811, Qld, Australia
| | - Victoria L Blair
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, 3800, Australia
| | - Glen B Deacon
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, 3800, Australia
| | - Peter C Junk
- College of Science & Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, 4811, Qld, Australia
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Guo Z, Blair VL, Deacon GB, Junk PC. A simple one-pot route to stable formamidinatoiodidolanthanoid(III) complexes from lanthanoid metals. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:11513-11516. [PMID: 34652358 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04080d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A number of formamidinatoiodidolanthanoid(III) complexes, [Ln(DFForm)2I(thf)2] and [Ln(DFForm)I2(thf)3] (DFFormH = N,N'-bis(2,6-difluorophenyl)formamidine) and [Ln(DippForm)I2(thf)3] (DippFormH = N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)formamidine) have been synthesized in good yields by one-pot direct reactions of the corresponding free metals with iodine and DFFormH or DippFormH in suitable ratios and are stable to rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifang Guo
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia.,College of Science & Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia.
| | - Victoria L Blair
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Glen B Deacon
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Peter C Junk
- College of Science & Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia.
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Schwarz N, Sun X, Yadav R, Köppe R, Simler T, Roesky PW. Application of the Redox-Transmetalation Procedure to Access Divalent Lanthanide and Alkaline-Earth NHC Complexes*. Chemistry 2021; 27:12857-12865. [PMID: 34165229 PMCID: PMC8518399 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Divalent lanthanide and alkaline-earth complexes supported by N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands have been accessed by redox-transmetalation between air-stable NHC-AgI complexes and the corresponding metals. By using the small ligand 1,3-dimethylimidazol-2-ylidene (IMe), two series of isostructural complexes were obtained: the tetra-NHC complexes [LnI2 (IMe)4 ] (Ln=Eu and Sm) and the bis-NHC complexes [MI2 (IMe)2 (THF)2 ] (M=Yb, Ca and Sr). In the former, distortions in the NHC coordination were found to originate from intermolecular repulsions in the solid state. Application of the redox-transmetalation strategy with the bulkier 1,3-dimesitylimidazol-2-ylidene (IMes) ligand yielded [SrI2 (IMes)(THF)3 ], while using a similar procedure with Ca metal led to [CaI2 (THF)4 ] and uncoordinated IMes. DFT calculations were performed to rationalise the selective formation of the bis-NHC adduct in [SrI2 (IMe)2 (THF)2 ] and the tetra-NHC adduct in [SmI2 (IMe)4 ]. Since the results in the gas phase point towards preferential formation of the tetra-NHC complexes for both metal centres, the differences between both arrangements are a result of solid-state effects such as slightly different packing forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah Schwarz
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstraße 1576131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Xiaofei Sun
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstraße 1576131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Ravi Yadav
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstraße 1576131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Ralf Köppe
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstraße 1576131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Thomas Simler
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstraße 1576131KarlsruheGermany
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM) CNRS, École PolytechniqueInstitut Polytechnique de Paris91120PalaiseauFrance
| | - Peter W. Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstraße 1576131KarlsruheGermany
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Al-Dabbagh A, Guo Z, Junk P, Wang J. Synthesis and characterization of a range of antimony(I/III) N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)formamidinate complexes. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY 2021; 77:577-585. [PMID: 34482302 DOI: 10.1107/s2053229621008512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Formamidinatoantimony(I/III) complexes have been successfully synthesized as monomers or dimers in the solid state featuring a variety of coordination geometries and have also been comprehensively characterized. The antimony(I) formamidinate complex bis[μ-N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)formamidinato]diantimony(I)(2 Sb-Sb) tetrahydrofuran heptasolvate, [Sb2(C25H35N2)2]·7C4H8O or [Sb2(DippForm)2]·7THF, (1), was obtained by a metathesis reaction between sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide [NaN(SiMe3)2] and N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)formamidine (DippFormH), followed by SbCl3. A range of trivalent haloformamidinatoantimony(III) complexes, namely, bis[N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)formamidinato]chloridoantimony(III), [Sb(C25H35N2)2Cl] or [Sb(DippForm)2Cl], (2), bis[N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)formamidinato]bromidoantimony(III), [SbBr(C25H35N2)2] or [SbBr(DippForm)2], (3), bis[N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)formamidinato]iodidoantimony(III), [Sb(C25H35N2)2I] or [Sb(DippForm)2I], (4), [N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)formamidinato]dibromidoantimony(III), [SbBr2(C25H35N2)] or [SbBr2(DippForm)], (5), and [N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)formamidinato]diiodidoantimony(III), [Sb(C25H35N2)I2] or [Sb(DippForm)I2], (6), were also synthesized by adding DippFormH and MN(SiMe3)2 (M = Li or Na) to the corresponding antimony halides SbX3 (X = Cl, Br or I) in differing ratios. The complexes were all stable to rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areej Al-Dabbagh
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Zhifang Guo
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Peter Junk
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
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