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Fouda AEA, Lindblom V, Southworth SH, Doumy G, Ho PJ, Young L, Cheng L, Sorensen SL. Influence of Selective Carbon 1s Excitation on Auger-Meitner Decay in the ESCA Molecule. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:4286-4293. [PMID: 38608168 PMCID: PMC11057383 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c03611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional spectral mapping is used to visualize how resonant Auger-Meitner spectra are influenced by the site of the initial core-electron excitation and the symmetry of the core-excited state in the trifluoroethyl acetate molecule (ESCA). We observe a significant enhancement of electron yield for excitation of the COO 1s → π* and CF3 1s → σ* resonances unlike excitation at resonances involving the CH3 and CH2 sites. The CF3 1s → π* and CF3 1s → σ* resonance spectra are very different from each other, with the latter populating most valence states equally. Two complementary electronic structure calculations for the photoelectron cross section and Auger-Meitner intensity are shown to effectively reproduce the site- and state-selective nature of the resonant enhancement features. The site of the core-electron excitation and the respective final state hole locality increase the sensistivity of the photoelectron signal at specific functional group sites. This showcases resonant Auger-Meitner decay as a potentially powerful tool for selectively probing structural changes at specific functional group sites of polyatomic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. E. A. Fouda
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne
National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Department
of Physics and James Franck Institute, The
University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - V. Lindblom
- Department
of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - S. H. Southworth
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne
National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - G. Doumy
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne
National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - P. J. Ho
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne
National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - L. Young
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne
National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Department
of Physics and James Franck Institute, The
University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - L. Cheng
- Department
of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles St, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - S. L. Sorensen
- Department
of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden
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2
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Mayer D, Lever F, Gühr M. Time-resolved x-ray spectroscopy of nucleobases and their thionated analogs. Photochem Photobiol 2024; 100:275-290. [PMID: 38174615 DOI: 10.1111/php.13903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The photoinduced relaxation dynamics of nucleobases and their thionated analogs have been investigated extensively over the past decades motivated by their crucial role in organisms and their application in medical and biochemical research and treatment. Most of these studies focused on the spectroscopy of valence electrons and fragmentation. The advent of ultrashort x-ray laser sources such as free-electron lasers, however, opens new opportunities for studying the ultrafast molecular relaxation dynamics utilizing the site- and element-selectivity of x-rays. In this review, we want to summarize ultrafast experiments on thymine and 2-thiouracil performed at free-electron lasers. We performed time-resolved x-ray absorption spectroscopy at the oxygen K-edge after UV excitation of thymine. In addition, we investigated the excited state dynamics of 2-tUra via x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy at sulfur. For these methods, we show a strong sensitivity to the electronic state or charge distribution, respectively. We also performed time-resolved Auger-Meitner spectroscopy, which shows spectral shifts associated with internuclear distances close to the probed site. We discuss the complementary aspects of time-resolved x-ray spectroscopy techniques compared to optical and UV spectroscopy for the investigation of ultrafast relaxation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Mayer
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Fabiano Lever
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Gühr
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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3
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Cabral Tenorio BN, Pedersen J, Barbatti M, Decleva P, Coriani S. Auger-Meitner and X-ray Absorption Spectra of Ethylene Cation: Insight into Conical Intersection Dynamics. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:107-117. [PMID: 38134450 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c06386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
We present a theoretical investigation of the near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure and the Auger-Meitner decay spectra of ethylene and its cation. Herein, we demonstrate that our method, coupled with the nuclear ensemble approach, successfully reproduces the natural bandwidth structure of the experimental resonant Auger-Meitner decay spectra of ethylene, which is not very well reproduced within the Franck-Condon approximation. Furthermore, we analyze the Auger-Meitner decay spectra of the ethylene cation in light of minimum energy conical intersection structures involving the two lowest cationic states (D1 and D0), providing valuable insights into the ultrafast D1/D0 relaxation dynamics. Our results suggest that Auger-Meitner electron spectroscopy can help elucidate the mechanism behind the initial 20 fs of the relaxation dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Nunes Cabral Tenorio
- DTU Chemistry─Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet Bldg 207, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanociencia), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jacob Pedersen
- DTU Chemistry─Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet Bldg 207, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Mario Barbatti
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, ICR, 13397 Marseille, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, 75231 Paris, France
| | - Piero Decleva
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali IOM-CNR and Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Trieste, I-34121 Trieste, Italy
| | - Sonia Coriani
- DTU Chemistry─Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet Bldg 207, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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4
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Cuéllar-Zuquin J, Pepino AJ, Fdez. Galván I, Rivalta I, Aquilante F, Garavelli M, Lindh R, Segarra-Martí J. Characterizing Conical Intersections in DNA/RNA Nucleobases with Multiconfigurational Wave Functions of Varying Active Space Size. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:8258-8272. [PMID: 37882796 PMCID: PMC10851440 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.3c00577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
We characterize the photochemically relevant conical intersections between the lowest-lying accessible electronic excited states of the different DNA/RNA nucleobases using Cholesky decomposition-based complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) algorithms. We benchmark two different basis set contractions and several active spaces for each nucleobase and conical intersection type, measuring for the first time how active space size affects conical intersection topographies in these systems and the potential implications these may have toward their description of photoinduced phenomena. Our results show that conical intersection topographies are highly sensitive to the electron correlation included in the model: by changing the amount (and type) of correlated orbitals, conical intersection topographies vastly change, and the changes observed do not follow any converging pattern toward the topographies obtained with the largest and most correlated active spaces. Comparison across systems shows analogous topographies for almost all intersections mediating population transfer to the dark 1nO/Nπ* states, while no similarities are observed for the "ethylene-like" conical intersection ascribed to mediate the ultrafast decay component to the ground state in all DNA/RNA nucleobases. Basis set size seems to have a minor effect, appearing to be relevant only for purine-based derivatives. We rule out structural changes as a key factor in classifying the different conical intersections, which display almost identical geometries across active space and basis set change, and we highlight instead the importance of correctly describing the electronic states involved at these crossing points. Our work shows that careful active space selection is essential to accurately describe conical intersection topographies and therefore to adequately account for their active role in molecular photochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Cuéllar-Zuquin
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular, Universitat de Valencia, P.O. Box 22085, ES-46071 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Julieta Pepino
- Dipartimento
di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”, Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Ignacio Fdez. Galván
- Department
of Chemistry − BMC, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 576, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ivan Rivalta
- Dipartimento
di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”, Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna, Italy
- ENSL,
CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie UMR 5182, 46 Allée d’Italie, 69364 Lyon, France
| | - Francesco Aquilante
- Theory
and Simulation of Materials (THEOS), and National Centre for Computational
Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marco Garavelli
- Dipartimento
di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”, Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Roland Lindh
- Department
of Chemistry − BMC, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 576, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Javier Segarra-Martí
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular, Universitat de Valencia, P.O. Box 22085, ES-46071 Valencia, Spain
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5
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Schnappinger T, Jadoun D, Gudem M, Kowalewski M. Time-resolved X-ray and XUV based spectroscopic methods for nonadiabatic processes in photochemistry. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:12763-12781. [PMID: 36317595 PMCID: PMC9671098 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc04875b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
The photochemistry of numerous molecular systems is influenced by conical intersections (CIs). These omnipresent nonadiabatic phenomena provide ultra-fast radiationless relaxation channels by creating degeneracies between electronic states and decide over the final photoproducts. In their presence, the Born-Oppenheimer approximation breaks down, and the timescales of the electron and nuclear dynamics become comparable. Due to the ultra-fast dynamics and the complex interplay between nuclear and electronic degrees of freedom, the direct experimental observation of nonadiabatic processes close to CIs remains challenging. In this article, we give a theoretical perspective on novel spectroscopic techniques capable of observing clear signatures of CIs. We discuss methods that are based on ultra-short laser pulses in the extreme ultraviolet and X-ray regime, as their spectral and temporal resolution allow for resolving the ultra-fast dynamics near CIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Schnappinger
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, Albanova University Centre, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Deependra Jadoun
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, Albanova University Centre, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Mahesh Gudem
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, Albanova University Centre, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Markus Kowalewski
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, Albanova University Centre, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
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6
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Tenorio BNC, Voß TA, Bokarev SI, Decleva P, Coriani S. Multireference Approach to Normal and Resonant Auger Spectra Based on the One-Center Approximation. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:4387-4407. [PMID: 35737643 PMCID: PMC9281372 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A methodology to calculate the decay rates of normal and resonant Auger processes in atoms and molecules based on the One-Center Approximation (OCA), using atomic radial Auger integrals, is implemented within the restricted-active-space self-consistent-field (RASSCF) and the multistate restricted-active-space perturbation theory of second order (MS-RASPT2) frameworks, as part of the OpenMolcas project. To ensure an unbiased description of the correlation and relaxation effects on the initial core excited/ionized states and the final cationic states, their wave functions are optimized independently, whereas the Auger matrix elements are computed with a biorthonormalized set of molecular orbitals within the state-interaction (SI) approach. As a decay of an isolated resonance, the computation of Auger intensities involves matrix elements with one electron in the continuum. However, treating ionization and autoionization problems can be overwhelmingly complicated for nonexperts, because of many peculiarities, in comparison to bound-state electronic structure theory. One of the advantages of our approach is that by projecting the intensities on the atomic center bearing the core hole and using precalculated atomic radial two-electron integrals, the Auger decay rates can be easily obtained directly with OpenMolcas, avoiding the need to interface it with external programs to compute matrix elements with the photoelectron wave function. The implementation is tested on the Ne atom, for which numerous theoretical and experimental results are available for comparison, as well as on a set of prototype closed- and open-shell molecules, namely, CO, N2, HNCO, H2O, NO2, and C4N2H4 (pyrimidine).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Nunes Cabral Tenorio
- DTU Chemistry - Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet Bldg 207, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Torben Arne Voß
- Institut für Physik, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 23-24, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Sergey I Bokarev
- Institut für Physik, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 23-24, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Piero Decleva
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali IOM-CNR and Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Trieste, I-34121 Trieste, Italy
| | - Sonia Coriani
- DTU Chemistry - Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet Bldg 207, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.,Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway
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7
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Core-Level Spectroscopy of 2-Thiouracil at the Sulfur L 1- and L 2,3-Edges Utilizing a SASE Free-Electron Laser. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216469. [PMID: 34770877 PMCID: PMC8586990 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we report X-ray absorption and core-level electron spectra of the nucleobase derivative 2-thiouracil at the sulfur L1- and L2,3-edges. We used soft X-rays from the free-electron laser FLASH2 for the excitation of isolated molecules and dispersed the outgoing electrons with a magnetic bottle spectrometer. We identified photoelectrons from the 2p core orbital, accompanied by an electron correlation satellite, as well as resonant and non-resonant Coster–Kronig and Auger–Meitner emission at the L1- and L2,3-edges, respectively. We used the electron yield to construct X-ray absorption spectra at the two edges. The experimental data obtained are put in the context of the literature currently available on sulfur core-level and 2-thiouracil spectroscopy.
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8
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Moitra T, Coriani S, Cabral Tenorio BN. Inner-shell photoabsorption and photoionisation cross-sections of valence excited states from asymmetric-Lanczos equation-of-motion coupled cluster singles and doubles theory. Mol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2021.1980235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Torsha Moitra
- DTU Chemistry–Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Sonia Coriani
- DTU Chemistry–Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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