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Wang C, Liu XL, Sun Q, Zhao FY, Dai PQ, Li LX, Hu DG. Apple consumption affects cecal health by regulating 12 S-hydroxy-5 Z,8 Z,10 E,14 Z-eicosatetraenoic acid (12( S)-HETE) levels through modifying the microbiota in rats. Food Funct 2023; 14:9419-9433. [PMID: 37795613 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo03207h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Apples are rich in many nutrients and functional components. However, the mechanism of the effect of fresh apple consumption on rats remains unclear. In the present study, fresh apples (10 g kg-1) were added to the diet of Wistar rats, and changes in the microbiota and metabolite content of the cecum were analyzed after 28 days of feeding, and changes in the 12S-hydroxy-5Z,8Z,10E,14Z-eicosatetraenoic acid (12(S)-HETE) content and indicators related to inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis were detected. Subsequently, a fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) protocol was designed and carried out to verify the relationship between the microbiota and 12(S)-HETE, the cecal structure, and inflammatory factors. The results show that apple consumption significantly reduced the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and immunoglobulin G (IgG), altered the cecal histomorphology, and significantly upregulated the gene expression of claudin-1 and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), which encode tight junction proteins. Apple consumption also changed the structure of the cecal microbiota, increasing the abundance of some species (such as Shuttleworthia) and decreasing the abundance of others (such as Alphaproteobacteria). Metabolomic screening identified 64 significantly different metabolites. The FMT results showed that apple consumption reduced 12(S)-HETE metabolite levels in the cecal contents, improved the intestinal structure, and reduced the levels of proinflammatory factor expression by altering the cecal microbiota. In conclusion, this study provides further insight into the effects of apples on animals using rats as experimental animals. It provides basic data for future exploration of the mechanisms of the effect of apple consumption on humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, P.R. China.
- Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an, Shandong 271018, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Long Liu
- Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an, Shandong 271018, P.R. China
| | - Quan Sun
- Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an, Shandong 271018, P.R. China
| | | | - Pei-Qiang Dai
- Shandong Delta Bioengineering Co., Ltd, Taian, Shandong, 271000, P.R., China
| | - Ling-Xing Li
- The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, Shandong, 271000, P.R. China.
| | - Da-Gang Hu
- Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, P.R. China.
- Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an, Shandong 271018, P.R. China
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Dadwal V, Joshi R, Gupta M. Comparative metabolomics of Himalayan crab apple (Malus baccata) with commercially utilized apple (Malus domestica) using UHPLC-QTOF-IMS coupled with multivariate analysis. Food Chem 2023; 402:134529. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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3
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Chen Y, Qie X, Quan W, Zeng M, Qin F, Chen J, Adhikari B, He Z. Omnifarious fruit polyphenols: an omnipotent strategy to prevent and intervene diabetes and related complication? Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-37. [PMID: 34792409 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2000932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic syndrome which cannot be cured. Recently, considerable interest has been focused on food ingredients to prevent and intervene in complications of diabetes. Polyphenolic compounds are one of the bioactive phytochemical constituents with various biological activities, which have drawn increasing interest in human health. Fruits are part of the polyphenol sources in daily food consumption. Fruit-derived polyphenols possess the anti-diabetic activity that has already been proved either from in vitro studies or in vivo studies. The mechanisms of fruit polyphenols in treating diabetes and related complications are under discussion. This is a comprehensive review on polyphenols from the edible parts of fruits, including those from citrus, berries, apples, cherries, mangoes, mangosteens, pomegranates, and other fruits regarding their potential benefits in preventing and treating diabetes mellitus. The signal pathways of characteristic polyphenols derived from fruits in reducing high blood glucose and intervening hyperglycemia-induced diabetic complications were summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuejiao Qie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Maomao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Benu Adhikari
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Zhiyong He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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Sireswar S, Dey G, Biswas S. Influence of fruit-based beverages on efficacy of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG (Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG) against DSS-induced intestinal inflammation. Food Res Int 2021; 149:110661. [PMID: 34600663 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Different lines of evidences from clinical, epidemiological and biochemical studies have established that optimal nutrition including probiotic and fruit phenolics can mitigate the risk and morbidity associated with some chronic diseases. The basis for this observation is the potential synergies that may exist between probiotic strains and different bioactive components of food matrices. This study was conceptualized to compare the efficiency of a probiotic strain in two different fruit matrices. Two fruits, viz., sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) (SBT) and apples (Malus pumila) (APJ) were chosen and the anti-inflammatory effects of L. rhamnosus GG (ATCC 53103) (LR) fortified in SBT and APJ were analysed against dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) induced colitis in zebrafish (Danio rerio). The results showed that administration of probiotic (LR) fortified, malt supplemented SBT beverage (SBT + M + LR) had better restorative potential on the intestinal barrier function and mucosal damage, in comparison to LR fortified, malt supplemented APJ beverage (APJ + M + LR). SBT + M + LR demonstrated adequate anti-oxidant potential by enhancing the CAT, SOD, GPx and GSH activities, impaired due to DSS administration. The increase in the expressions of toll like receptor (TLR)-2, TLR-4 and TLR-5 induced by DSS were significantly inhibited by SBT + M + LR administration. Gene expression of pro-inflammatory markers, (NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, CCL20, MPO and MMP9) were attenuated by SBT + M + LR treatment in intestinal tissues of DSS-treated zebrafishes. Notably, SBT + M + LR increased the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10. The study provides evidence that specific interactions between fruit matrix and probiotic strain can provide adjunct therapeutic strategy to manage intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srijita Sireswar
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Deemed to be University, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024. India
| | - Gargi Dey
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Deemed to be University, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024. India.
| | - Sutapa Biswas
- Care Hospital, Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751016, India
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Geană EI, Ciucure CT, Ionete RE, Ciocârlan A, Aricu A, Ficai A, Andronescu E. Profiling of Phenolic Compounds and Triterpene Acids of Twelve Apple ( Malus domestica Borkh.) Cultivars. Foods 2021; 10:foods10020267. [PMID: 33525694 PMCID: PMC7911497 DOI: 10.3390/foods10020267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.), a popular and widely cultivated fruit world-wide, contains bioactive compounds responsible for their health benefits. Here we report the amounts of some bioactive compounds: two major triterpenes (oleanolic and ursolic acids) and polyphenols (phenolic acids, flavan-3-ols, flavonoids and t-resveratrol), together with bioactive properties of twelve apple cultivars measured by chromatographic and spectrophotometric methods. Significant variations were found comparing the bioactive potential of the investigated cultivars. High contents of phenolic acids were identified in the Montuan, Golden Delicious and Cretesc cultivars, while the most flavonoid dominant was the Richard cultivar. Starkrimson, Jonatan, Beliy Naliv and Richard cultivars present higher antioxidant capacity. Oleanolic acid ranged from 11 to 83 mg/g apple extract, while ursolic acid ranged from 55 to 436 mg/g apple extract, with higher amounts in Richard and Montuan cultivars. Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) allowed the discrimination of apple cultivars depending on polyphenolic and triterpene acids composition. Caffeic acid, gallic acid and epicatechin were identified as the main bioactive compounds in Starkrimson, Jonathan, Beliy Naliv and Richard cultivars, while ursolic and oleanolic acids were identified in high amounts in Richard, Montuan, Golden Delicious, Idared and Beliy Naliv apple cultivars. The results obtained in this study will contribute to the understanding of the bioactive composition of apples as well as the importance of their capitalization to obtain value-added products that promote human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeta-Irina Geană
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies—ICSI Rm. Valcea, 4th Uzinei Street, PO Raureni, Box 7, 240050 Rm Valcea, Romania; (E.-I.G.); (C.T.C.); (R.E.I.)
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu Str., 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Corina Teodora Ciucure
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies—ICSI Rm. Valcea, 4th Uzinei Street, PO Raureni, Box 7, 240050 Rm Valcea, Romania; (E.-I.G.); (C.T.C.); (R.E.I.)
| | - Roxana Elena Ionete
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies—ICSI Rm. Valcea, 4th Uzinei Street, PO Raureni, Box 7, 240050 Rm Valcea, Romania; (E.-I.G.); (C.T.C.); (R.E.I.)
| | - Alexandru Ciocârlan
- Institute of Chemistry, Academiei Str. 3, MD-2028 Chisinau, Moldova; (A.C.); (A.A.)
| | - Aculina Aricu
- Institute of Chemistry, Academiei Str. 3, MD-2028 Chisinau, Moldova; (A.C.); (A.A.)
| | - Anton Ficai
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu Str., 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Ilfov St. 3, 050045 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ecaterina Andronescu
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu Str., 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Ilfov St. 3, 050045 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence:
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