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Cano R, Bermúdez V, Galban N, Garrido B, Santeliz R, Gotera MP, Duran P, Boscan A, Carbonell-Zabaleta AK, Durán-Agüero S, Rojas-Gómez D, González-Casanova J, Díaz-Vásquez W, Chacín M, Angarita Dávila L. Dietary Polyphenols and Gut Microbiota Cross-Talk: Molecular and Therapeutic Perspectives for Cardiometabolic Disease: A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9118. [PMID: 39201807 PMCID: PMC11354808 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25169118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The intricate interplay between the gut microbiota and polyphenols has emerged as a captivating frontier in understanding and potentially harnessing the therapeutic potential of these bioactive compounds. Phenolic compounds, renowned for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and anticancer properties, are subject to intricate transformations within the gut milieu, where the diverse microbial ecosystem exerts profound effects on their metabolism and bioavailability. Conversely, polyphenols exhibit a remarkable capacity to modulate the composition and activity of the gut microbiota, fostering a bidirectional relationship that extends beyond mere nutrient processing. This symbiotic interaction holds significant implications for human health, particularly in cardiometabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, metabolic-dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, and cardiovascular disease. Through a comprehensive exploration of molecular interactions, this narrative review elucidates the reciprocal dynamics between the gut microbiota and polyphenols, unveiling novel avenues for therapeutic intervention in cardiometabolic disorders. By unravelling the intricate cross-talk between these two entities, this review underscores the multifaceted roles of polyphenols in overall health and the pivotal role of gut microbiota modulation as a promising therapeutic strategy in mitigating the burden of cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Cano
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrino-Metabólicas, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela; (R.C.); (N.G.); (R.S.); (P.D.)
| | - Valmore Bermúdez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
| | - Nestor Galban
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrino-Metabólicas, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela; (R.C.); (N.G.); (R.S.); (P.D.)
| | - Bermary Garrido
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrino-Metabólicas, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela; (R.C.); (N.G.); (R.S.); (P.D.)
| | - Raquel Santeliz
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrino-Metabólicas, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela; (R.C.); (N.G.); (R.S.); (P.D.)
| | - Maria Paula Gotera
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrino-Metabólicas, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela; (R.C.); (N.G.); (R.S.); (P.D.)
| | - Pablo Duran
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrino-Metabólicas, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela; (R.C.); (N.G.); (R.S.); (P.D.)
| | - Arturo Boscan
- Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo 4001, Venezuela;
| | | | - Samuel Durán-Agüero
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Ciencias para el Cuidado de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago 7511111, Chile
| | - Diana Rojas-Gómez
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370321, Chile;
| | - Jorge González-Casanova
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 8910060, Chile
| | - Waldo Díaz-Vásquez
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Ciencias para el Cuidado de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago 7511111, Chile
| | - Maricarmen Chacín
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
| | - Lissé Angarita Dávila
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andres Bello, Concepción 4260000, Chile
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Stull AJ, Cassidy A, Djousse L, Johnson SA, Krikorian R, Lampe JW, Mukamal KJ, Nieman DC, Porter Starr KN, Rasmussen H, Rimm EB, Stote KS, Tangney C. The state of the science on the health benefits of blueberries: a perspective. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1415737. [PMID: 38919390 PMCID: PMC11196611 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1415737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence indicates that blueberry consumption is associated with a variety of health benefits. It has been suggested that regular consumption of blueberries can support and/or protect against cardiovascular disease and function, pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes, and brain and cognitive function in individuals with health conditions and age-related decline. Further, mechanistic investigations highlight the role of blueberry anthocyanins in mediating these health benefits, in part through interactions with gut microbiota. Also, nutritional interventions with blueberries have demonstrated the ability to improve recovery following exercise-induced muscle damage, attributable to anti-inflammatory effects. Despite these advancements in blueberry health research, research gaps persist which affects the generalizability of findings from clinical trials. To evaluate the current state of knowledge and research gaps, a blueberry health roundtable with scientific experts convened in Washington, DC (December 6-7, 2022). Discussions centered around five research domains: cardiovascular health, pre-diabetes and diabetes, brain health and cognitive function, gut health, and exercise recovery. This article synthesizes the outcomes of a blueberry research roundtable discussion among researchers in these domains, offering insights into the health benefits of blueberries and delineating research gaps and future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- April J. Stull
- Department of Human Sciences and Design, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States
| | - Aedín Cassidy
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Luc Djousse
- Department of Medicine at Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sarah A. Johnson
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Robert Krikorian
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Johanna W. Lampe
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Kenneth J. Mukamal
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - David C. Nieman
- Human Performance Laboratory, North Carolina Research Campus, Appalachian State University, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Kathryn N. Porter Starr
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine and Geriatric, Research, Education and Clinical Center, Durham VA Health Care System, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Heather Rasmussen
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Eric B. Rimm
- Departments of Epidemiology & Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kim S. Stote
- Albany Stratton VA Medical Center, Albany, NY, United States
| | - Christy Tangney
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Rush University, Chicago, IL, United States
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Vasilakopoulou PB, Yanni AE, Fanarioti E, Dermon CR, Karathanos VT, Chiou A. Determination of Flavonoids and Phenolic Acids in the Liver of Wistar Rats after a Dietary Enrichment with Corinthian Currant ( Vitis vinifera L., var. Apyrena): A Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Study. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:11549-11560. [PMID: 38718199 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Corinthian currants are dried fruits produced from Vitis vinifera L. var. Apyrena grape. This study investigated the distribution of phenolic compounds in male Wistar rat livers following two distinct Corinthian currant long-term dietary intake protocols (3 and 10% w/w). Method optimization, comparing fresh and lyophilized tissues, achieved satisfactory recoveries (>70%) for most analytes. Enzymatic hydrolysis conditions (37 °C, pH 5.0) minimally affected phenolics, but enzyme addition showed diverse effects. Hydrolyzed lyophilized liver tissue from rats consuming Corinthian currants (3 and 10% w/w) exhibited elevated levels of isorhamnetin (20.62 ± 2.27 ng/g tissue and 33.80 ± 1.38 ng/g tissue, respectively), along with similar effects for kaempferol, quercetin, and chrysin after prolonged Corinthian currant intake. This suggests their presence as phase II metabolites in the fasting-state liver. This study is the first to explore phenolic accumulation in rat liver, simulating real conditions of dried fruit consumption, as seen herein with Corinthian currant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi B Vasilakopoulou
- Laboratory of Chemistry-Biochemistry-Physical Chemistry of Foods, Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Ave., 176 76 Kallithea, Greece
| | - Amalia E Yanni
- Laboratory of Chemistry-Biochemistry-Physical Chemistry of Foods, Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Ave., 176 76 Kallithea, Greece
| | - Eleni Fanarioti
- Laboratory of Human and Animal Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Patras, Rion, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Catherine R Dermon
- Laboratory of Human and Animal Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Patras, Rion, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Vaios T Karathanos
- Laboratory of Chemistry-Biochemistry-Physical Chemistry of Foods, Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Ave., 176 76 Kallithea, Greece
- Agricultural Cooperatives' Union of Aeghion, Corinthou 201, 25100 Aeghion, Greece
| | - Antonia Chiou
- Laboratory of Chemistry-Biochemistry-Physical Chemistry of Foods, Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Ave., 176 76 Kallithea, Greece
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Wang Y, Wu Y, Shen S, Liu Y, Xia Y, Xia H, Xie Z, Xu Y. Engineered plant extracellular vesicles for natural delivery across physiological barriers. Food Funct 2024; 15:1737-1757. [PMID: 38284549 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo03503d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoscale luminal vesicles that participate in the information transfer of proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids between cells, thereby playing a role in the treatment of diseases and the delivery of nutrients. In recent years, plant-derived EVs (PDEVs) containing bioactive compounds have attracted increasing interest due to their better biocompatibility and lower cytotoxicity in healthy tissues. In the biomedical field, PDEVs have been used as cargo carriers to achieve various functions through engineering modification techniques. This review focuses on the biogenesis, isolation, and identification of PDEVs. We discuss the surface functionalization of PDEVs to enhance therapeutic efficacy, thereby improving their efficiency as a next-generation drug delivery vehicle and their feasibility to treat diseases across the physiological barriers, while critically analyzing the current challenges and opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China.
| | - Yifang Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China.
| | - Si Shen
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China.
| | - Yinyin Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China.
| | - Ying Xia
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China.
| | - Hongmei Xia
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China.
| | - Zili Xie
- Anhui Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hefei 230051, China
| | - Yinxiang Xu
- Zhaoke (Hefei) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Hefei 230088, China
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Zhou D, Zhong J, Huang Y, Cheng Y. Effect of free and bound polyphenols from Rosa roxburghii Tratt distiller's grains on moderating fecal microbiota. Food Chem X 2023; 19:100747. [PMID: 37780293 PMCID: PMC10534110 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Rosa roxburghii Tratt distiller's grains (R. roxburghii DGs), the main by-product of wine processing, showed functional value and potential for high-value usage which benefited from their rich polyphenols. In this study, the free and bound polyphenols from R. roxburghii DGs were extracted and their potential effect on modulating fecal microbiota was investigated using in vitro fecal fermentation. The free polyphenols (26.32-26.45 mg GAE/g) showed higher antioxidant activity compared to the bound polyphenols (8.76-9.01 mg GAE/g). The free and bound polyphenols significantly improved the fecal microbiota community structure and enhanced short chain fatty acids concentrations after the stimulated colonic fermentation for 24 h. Furthermore, the effect of R. roxburghii DGs polyphenols on modulating fecal microbiota was primarily attributed to quercetin, catechin, kaempferol, cyanidin and baicalin. This research suggests that R. roxburghii DGs are a promising source of natural antioxidants and prebiotic foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Die Zhou
- College of Liquor and Food Engineering, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biological Pharmacy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biological Pharmacy of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Jiang Zhong
- College of Liquor and Food Engineering, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biological Pharmacy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biological Pharmacy of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Yongguang Huang
- College of Liquor and Food Engineering, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biological Pharmacy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biological Pharmacy of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Yuxin Cheng
- College of Liquor and Food Engineering, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biological Pharmacy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biological Pharmacy of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
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Jin Y, Chen L, Yu Y, Hussain M, Zhong H. Bioactive Components in Fruit Interact with Gut Microbes. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1333. [PMID: 37887043 PMCID: PMC10604038 DOI: 10.3390/biology12101333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Fruits contain many bioactive compounds, including polysaccharides, oligosaccharides, polyphenols, anthocyanins, and flavonoids. All of these bioactives in fruit have potentially beneficial effects on gut microbiota and host health. On the one hand, fruit rich in active ingredients can act as substrates to interact with microorganisms and produce metabolites to regulate the gut microbiota. On the other hand, gut microbes could promote health effects in the host by balancing dysbiosis of gut microbiota. We have extensively analyzed significant information on bioactive components in fruits based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). Although the deep mechanism of action of bioactive components in fruits on gut microbiota needs further study, these results also provide supportive information on fruits as a source of dietary active ingredients to provide support for the adjunctive role of fruits in disease prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Jin
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (Y.J.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Ling Chen
- Sanya Branch of Hainan Food and Drug Inspection Institute, Sanya 572011, China;
| | - Yufen Yu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (Y.J.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Muhammad Hussain
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (Y.J.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Hao Zhong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (Y.J.); (Y.Y.)
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Huang F, Marungruang N, Martinsson I, Camprubí Ferrer L, Nguyen TD, Gondo TF, Karlsson EN, Deierborg T, Öste R, Heyman-Lindén L. A mixture of Nordic berries improves cognitive function, metabolic function and alters the gut microbiota in C57Bl/6J male mice. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1257472. [PMID: 37854349 PMCID: PMC10580983 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1257472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Our diets greatly influence our health. Multiple lines of research highlight the beneficial properties of eating berries and fruits. In this study, a berry mixture of Nordic berries previously identified as having the potential to improve memory was supplemented to young C57Bl/6J male mice to investigate effects on cognition function, metabolic health, markers of neuroinflammation, and gut microbiota composition. C57Bl/6J male mice at the age of 8 weeks were given standard chow, a high-fat diet (HF, 60%E fat), or a high-fat diet supplemented with freeze-dried powder (20% dwb) of a mixture of Nordic berries and red grape juice (HF + Berry) for 18 weeks (n = 12 animals/diet group). The results show that supplementation with the berry mixture may have beneficial effects on spatial memory, as seen by enhanced performance in the T-maze and Barnes maze compared to the mice receiving the high-fat diet without berries. Additionally, berry intake may aid in counteracting high-fat diet induced weight gain and could influence neuroinflammatory status as suggested by the increased levels of the inflammation modifying IL-10 cytokine in hippocampal extracts from berry supplemented mice. Furthermore, the 4.5-month feeding with diet containing berries resulted in significant changes in cecal microbiota composition. Analysis of cecal bacterial 16S rRNA revealed that the chow group had significantly higher microbial diversity, as measured by the Shannon diversity index and total operational taxonomic unit richness, than the HF group. The HF diet supplemented with berries resulted in a strong trend of higher total OTU richness and significantly increased the relative abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila, which has been linked to protective effects on cognitive decline. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that intake of a Nordic berry mixture is a valuable strategy for maintaining and improving cognitive function, to be further evaluated in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Huang
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Aventure AB, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Isak Martinsson
- Experimental Neuroinflammation Laboratory, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lluís Camprubí Ferrer
- Experimental Neuroinflammation Laboratory, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Thao Duy Nguyen
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Thamani Freedom Gondo
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Tomas Deierborg
- Experimental Neuroinflammation Laboratory, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Lovisa Heyman-Lindén
- Berry Lab AB, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Lahtinen MH, Kynkäänniemi E, Jian C, Salonen A, Pajari AM, Mikkonen KS. Metabolic Fate of Lignin in Birch Glucuronoxylan Extracts as Dietary Fiber Studied in a Rat Model. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2300201. [PMID: 37650878 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE While previously considered inert, recent studies suggest lignin metabolism with unknown metabolic fates is occurring in the gastrointestinal tract of several animal models. This study focuses on analyzing the potential metabolites of lignin. METHODS AND RESULTS The diets of rats include relatively pure birch glucuronoxylan (pureGX) with residual lignin or lignin-rich GX (GXpoly) in their diet. Nuclear magnetic spectroscopy of the lignin isolated from the GXpoly-fed rats fecal sample shows high alteration in chemical structure, whereas lignin-carbohydrate complexes (LCCs) are enriched in fecal samples from the pureGX group. Moreover, the increased syringyl-to-guaiacyl (S/G) ratio suggests that lignin G-units are predominantly metabolized based on pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (pyr-GC/MS). The presence of small phenolic metabolites identified in urine samples of the GXpoly group, for example, ferulic and sinapic acids, their sulfate and glucuronide derivatives, and 4-sulfobenzylalcohol, suggests that the small fragmented lignin metabolites in the large intestine enter the plasma, and are further processed in the liver. Finally, the relative abundances of polyphenol-degrading Enterorhabdus and Akkermansia in the gut microbiota are associated with lignin metabolism. CONCLUSION These findings give further evidence to lignin metabolism in the gut of nonruminants and provide insight to the potential microbes and metabolic routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarit H Lahtinen
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, P. O. Box 66, (Agnes Sjöbergin katu 2), FI-00014, Finland
| | - Emma Kynkäänniemi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, P. O. Box 66, (Agnes Sjöbergin katu 2), FI-00014, Finland
| | - Ching Jian
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, P. O. Box 63, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Anne Salonen
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, P. O. Box 63, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Anne-Maria Pajari
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, P. O. Box 66, (Agnes Sjöbergin katu 2), FI-00014, Finland
| | - Kirsi S Mikkonen
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, P. O. Box 66, (Agnes Sjöbergin katu 2), FI-00014, Finland
- Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 65, FI-00014, Finland
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Hodges JK, Maiz M, Cao S, Lachcik PJ, Peacock M, McCabe GP, McCabe LD, Cladis DP, Jackson GS, Ferruzzi MG, Lila MA, Bailey RL, Martin BR, Weaver CM. Moderate consumption of freeze-dried blueberry powder increased net bone calcium retention compared with no treatment in healthy postmenopausal women: a randomized crossover trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 118:382-390. [PMID: 37269909 PMCID: PMC10447493 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preclinical studies suggest that blueberry consumption is associated with improved bone health. OBJECTIVES We conducted a blueberry dose-response study in ovariectomized (OVX)-rats that informed a study in postmenopausal women using the urinary appearance of calcium (Ca) tracers from prelabeled bone to reflect changes in bone balance. We hypothesized that blueberry consumption would reduce bone loss in a dose-dependent manner compared with no treatment. METHODS OVX rats were fed 4 doses of blueberry powder (2.5%, 5%, 10%, and 15%) in randomized order to determine bone 45Ca retention. Fourteen healthy, nonosteoporotic women ≥4 y past menopause were dosed with 50 nCi of 41Ca, a long-lived radioisotope, and equilibrated for 5 mo to allow 41Ca deposition in bone. Following a 6-wk baseline period, participants were assigned to a random sequence of 3 6-wk interventions, a low (17.5 g/d), medium (35 g/d), or high (70 g/d) dose of freeze-dried blueberry powder equivalent to 0.75, 1.5, or 3 cups of fresh blueberries incorporated into food and beverage products. Urinary 41Ca:Ca ratio was measured by accelerator mass spectrometry. Serum bone resorption biomarkers and urinary polyphenols were measured at the end of each control and intervention period. Data were analyzed using a linear mixed model and repeated measures analysis of variance. RESULTS In both OVX rats and postmenopausal women, blueberry interventions benefited net bone calcium balance at lower but not at higher doses. In women, net bone calcium retention increased by 6% with the low (95% CI: 2.50, 8.60; P < 0.01) and 4% with the medium (95% CI: 0.96, 7.90; P < 0.05) dose compared with no treatment. Urinary excretion of hippuric acid increased dose-dependently with blueberry consumption. No significant relationships were found between bone resorption biomarkers, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and interventions. CONCLUSIONS Moderate consumption (<1 cup/d) of blueberries may be an effective strategy to attenuate bone loss in healthy postmenopausal women. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02630797.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna K Hodges
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Maria Maiz
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States
| | - Sisi Cao
- School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, United States
| | - Pamela J Lachcik
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States
| | - Munro Peacock
- School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - George P McCabe
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States
| | - Linda D McCabe
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States
| | - Dennis P Cladis
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States
| | - George S Jackson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States
| | - Mario G Ferruzzi
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States
| | - Mary Ann Lila
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, North Carolina, United States
| | - Regan L Bailey
- Institute for Advancing Health through Agriculture, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States
| | - Berdine R Martin
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States
| | - Connie M Weaver
- School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, United States.
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Weaver CM, Ferruzzi MG, Maiz M, Cladis DP, Nakatsu CH, McCabe GP, Lila MA. Crop, Host, and Gut Microbiome Variation Influence Precision Nutrition: An Example of Blueberries. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1136. [PMID: 37238002 PMCID: PMC10215964 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown associations between polyphenol-rich fruit intake and bone health, and preclinical studies have shown that blueberries improve bone health. To determine the genotype and dose of blueberries that are effective in ameliorating age-related bone loss, a multi-institutional team of investigators performed in vitro, preclinical, and clinical studies on blueberry varieties that differed in flavonoid profiles. Principal component analysis was used to select blueberry genotypes that varied in anthocyanin profiles. Total phenolic content did not predict the bioavailability of polyphenolic compounds in rats. A range in bioavailability was observed in individual polyphenolic compounds across genotypes. Both alpha and beta diversity analyses indicated that gut microbiome profiles varied with blueberry dose in rats. Additionally, the identification of specific taxa, such as Prevotellaceae_UCG-001 and Coriobacteriales, increasing after blueberry consumption adds to the mounting evidence of their role in polyphenol metabolism. All of the sources of variation can inform blueberry breeding practices to influence precision nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connie M. Weaver
- School of Exercise and Nutritional Science, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
| | - Mario G. Ferruzzi
- Arkansas Children’s Nutrition Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA;
| | - Maria Maiz
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
| | - Dennis P. Cladis
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA;
| | - Cindy H. Nakatsu
- Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
| | - George P. McCabe
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
| | - Mary Ann Lila
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Department of Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
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11
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Cuciniello R, Di Meo F, Filosa S, Crispi S, Bergamo P. The Antioxidant Effect of Dietary Bioactives Arises from the Interplay between the Physiology of the Host and the Gut Microbiota: Involvement of Short-Chain Fatty Acids. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051073. [PMID: 37237938 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The maintenance of redox homeostasis is associated with a healthy status while the disruption of this mechanism leads to the development of various pathological conditions. Bioactive molecules such as carbohydrates accessible to the microbiota (MACs), polyphenols, and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are food components best characterized for their beneficial effect on human health. In particular, increasing evidence suggests that their antioxidant ability is involved in the prevention of several human diseases. Some experimental data indicate that the activation of the nuclear factor 2-related erythroid 2 (Nrf2) pathway-the key mechanism in the maintenance of redox homeostasis-is involved in the beneficial effects exerted by the intake of PUFAs and polyphenols. However, it is known that the latter must be metabolized before becoming active and that the intestinal microbiota play a key role in the biotransformation of some ingested food components. In addition, recent studies, indicating the efficacy of the MACs, polyphenols, and PUFAs in increasing the microbial population with the ability to yield biologically active metabolites (e.g., polyphenol metabolites, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)), support the hypothesis that these factors are responsible for the antioxidant action on the physiology of the host. The underlying mechanisms through which MACs, polyphenols, and PUFAs might influence the redox status have not been fully elucidated, but based on the efficacy of SCFAs as Nrf2 activators, their contribution to the antioxidant efficacy of dietary bioactives cannot be excluded. In this review, we aimed to summarize the main mechanisms through which MACs, polyphenols, and PUFAs can modulate the host's redox homeostasis through their ability to directly or indirectly activate the Nrf2 pathway. We discuss their probiotic effects and the role played by the alteration of the metabolism/composition of the gut microbiota in the generation of potential Nrf2-ligands (e.g., SCFAs) in the host's redox homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossana Cuciniello
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources-UOS Naples CNR, Via P. Castellino, 111-80131 Naples, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Meo
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources-UOS Naples CNR, Via P. Castellino, 111-80131 Naples, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Stefania Filosa
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources-UOS Naples CNR, Via P. Castellino, 111-80131 Naples, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Stefania Crispi
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources-UOS Naples CNR, Via P. Castellino, 111-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Bergamo
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources-UOS Naples CNR, Via P. Castellino, 111-80131 Naples, Italy
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12
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Naliyadhara N, Kumar A, Kumar Gangwar S, Nair Devanarayanan T, Hegde M, Alqahtani MS, Abbas M, Sethi G, Kunnumakara A. Interplay of dietary antioxidants and gut microbiome in human health: What has been learnt thus far? J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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13
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Song X, Zhang X, Ma C, Hu X, Chen F. Rediscovering the nutrition of whole foods: The emerging role of gut microbiota. Curr Opin Food Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2022.100908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Wang X, Qi Y, Zheng H. Dietary Polyphenol, Gut Microbiota, and Health Benefits. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061212. [PMID: 35740109 PMCID: PMC9220293 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols, which are probably the most important secondary metabolites produced by plants, have attracted tremendous attention due to their health-promoting effects, including their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-adipogenic, and neuro-protective activities, as well as health properties. However, due to their complicated structures and high molecular weights, a large proportion of dietary polyphenols remain unabsorbed along the gastrointestinal tract, while in the large intestine they are biotransformed into bioactive, low-molecular-weight phenolic metabolites through the residing gut microbiota. Dietary polyphenols can modulate the composition of intestinal microbes, and in turn, gut microbes catabolize polyphenols to release bioactive metabolites. To better investigate the health benefits of dietary polyphenols, this review provides a summary of their modulation through in vitro and in vivo evidence (animal models and humans), as well as their possible actions through intestinal barrier function and gut microbes. This review aims to provide a basis for better understanding the relationship between dietary polyphenols, gut microbiota, and host health.
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15
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Interest in preventing atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease extends beyond essential nutrients and dietary patterns. This article reviews the potential for bioactive compounds to play a role in prevention and the recent process in guidance for developing policy for bioactives. RECENT FINDINGS A framework for developing recommended intakes of bioactives dietary substances was recently developed and the first guideline expected is for a bioactive targeted for cardiometabolic health. Bioactives target endothelial health, the gut microbiome, serum lipids, blood pressure, inflammation, and oxidative stress. The evidence base is growing and will be enhanced further with the discovery of good biomarkers of exposure and health outcomes. A robust evidence base is essential to develop policy and influence clinical practice for bioactives, an exciting and growing area of research.
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16
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Cladis DP, Swallow EA, Allen MR, Hill Gallant KM, Weaver CM. Blueberry Polyphenols do not Improve Bone Mineral Density or Mechanical Properties in Ovariectomized Rats. Calcif Tissue Int 2022; 110:260-265. [PMID: 34427703 PMCID: PMC8792179 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-021-00905-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis-related bone fragility fractures are a major public health concern. Given the potential for adverse side effects of pharmacological treatment, many have sought alternative treatments, including dietary changes. Based on recent evidence that polyphenol-rich foods, like blueberries, increase calcium absorption and bone mineral density (BMD), we hypothesized that blueberry polyphenols would improve bone biomechanical properties. To test this, 5-month-old ovariectomized Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 10/gp) were orally gavaged for 90 days with either a purified extract of blueberry polyphenols (0-1000 mg total polyphenols/kg bw/day) or lyophilized blueberries (50 mg total polyphenols/kg bw/day). Upon completion of the dosing regimen, right femur, right tibia, and L1-L4 vertebrae were harvested and assessed for bone mineral density (BMD), with femurs being further analyzed for biomechanical properties via three-point bending. There were no differences in BMD at any of the sites analyzed. For bone mechanical properties, the only statistically significant difference was the high dose group having greater ultimate stress than the medium dose, although in the absence of differences in other measures of bone mechanical properties, we concluded that this result, while statistically significant, had little biological significance. Our results indicate that blueberry polyphenols had little impact on BMD or bone mechanical properties in an animal model of estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis P Cladis
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, 745 Agriculture Mall Dr, W Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Ave, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Swallow
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Dr, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Matthew R Allen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Dr, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Kathleen M Hill Gallant
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Ave, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Connie M Weaver
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, 745 Agriculture Mall Dr, W Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
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17
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Weaver CM, Hodges JK. Designing, Conducting, and Documenting Human Nutrition Plant-Derived Intervention Trials. Front Nutr 2022; 8:782703. [PMID: 35004813 PMCID: PMC8733730 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.782703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Best practices for designing, conducting, documenting, and reporting human nutrition randomized controlled trials were developed and published in Advances in Nutrition. Through an example of the randomized clinical trial on blueberries and bone health funded by the National Institutes of Health, this paper will illustrate the elements of those best practices that apply specifically to plant-based intervention clinical trials. Unique study design considerations for human feeding interventions with bioactive plant compounds include the difficulty of blinding the intervention, background nutritional status of participants, carry-over effects of the intervention, benefits of a run-in period, lack of safety/tolerability data, and nutrition-specific regulatory policies. Human nutrition randomized controlled trials are the gold standard for establishing causal relations between an intervention and health outcome measures. Rigorous studies and documentation define the quality of the evidence-base to inform public health guidelines and to establish personalized dietary recommendations for the health-promoting plant components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connie M Weaver
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - J Kalina Hodges
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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18
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Nieman DC. Multiomics Approach to Precision Sports Nutrition: Limits, Challenges, and Possibilities. Front Nutr 2022; 8:796360. [PMID: 34970584 PMCID: PMC8712338 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.796360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Most sports nutrition guidelines are based on group average responses and professional opinion. Precision nutrition for athletes aims to improve the individualization of nutrition practices to optimize long-term performance and health. This is a 2-step process that first involves the acquisition of individual-specific, science-based information using a variety of sources including lifestyle and medical histories, dietary assessment, physiological assessments from the performance lab and wearable sensors, and multiomics data from blood, urine, saliva, and stool samples. The second step consists of the delivery of science-based nutrition advice, behavior change support, and the monitoring of health and performance efficacy and benefits relative to cost. Individuals vary widely in the way they respond to exercise and nutritional interventions, and understanding why this metabolic heterogeneity exists is critical for further advances in precision nutrition. Another major challenge is the development of evidence-based individualized nutrition recommendations that are embraced and efficacious for athletes seeking the most effective enhancement of performance, metabolic recovery, and health. At this time precision sports nutrition is an emerging discipline that will require continued technological and scientific advances before this approach becomes accurate and practical for athletes and fitness enthusiasts at the small group or individual level. The costs and scientific challenges appear formidable, but what is already being achieved today in precision nutrition through multiomics and sensor technology seemed impossible just two decades ago.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Nieman
- North Carolina Research Campus, Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, United States
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19
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Nunes S, Viana SD, Preguiça I, Alves A, Fernandes R, Teodoro JS, Matos P, Figueirinha A, Salgueiro L, André A, Silva S, Jarak I, Carvalho RA, Cavadas C, Rolo AP, Palmeira CM, Pintado MM, Reis F. Blueberry Counteracts Prediabetes in a Hypercaloric Diet-Induced Rat Model and Rescues Hepatic Mitochondrial Bioenergetics. Nutrients 2021; 13:4192. [PMID: 34959746 PMCID: PMC8706913 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The paramount importance of a healthy diet in the prevention of type 2 diabetes is now well recognized. Blueberries (BBs) have been described as attractive functional fruits for this purpose. This study aimed to elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms pertaining to the protective impact of blueberry juice (BJ) on prediabetes. Using a hypercaloric diet-induced prediabetic rat model, we evaluated the effects of BJ on glucose, insulin, and lipid profiles; gut microbiota composition; intestinal barrier integrity; and metabolic endotoxemia, as well as on hepatic metabolic surrogates, including several related to mitochondria bioenergetics. BJ supplementation for 14 weeks counteracted diet-evoked metabolic deregulation, improving glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and hypertriglyceridemia, along with systemic and hepatic antioxidant properties, without a significant impact on the gut microbiota composition and related mechanisms. In addition, BJ treatment effectively alleviated hepatic steatosis and mitochondrial dysfunction observed in the prediabetic animals, as suggested by the amelioration of bioenergetics parameters and key targets of inflammation, insulin signaling, ketogenesis, and fatty acids oxidation. In conclusion, the beneficial metabolic impact of BJ in prediabetes may be mainly explained by the rescue of hepatic mitochondrial bioenergetics. These findings pave the way to support the use of BJ in prediabetes to prevent diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Nunes
- Institute of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics & Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.N.); (S.D.V.); (I.P.); (A.A.); (R.F.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sofia D. Viana
- Institute of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics & Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.N.); (S.D.V.); (I.P.); (A.A.); (R.F.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, ESTESC-Coimbra Health School, Pharmacy/Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Inês Preguiça
- Institute of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics & Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.N.); (S.D.V.); (I.P.); (A.A.); (R.F.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - André Alves
- Institute of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics & Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.N.); (S.D.V.); (I.P.); (A.A.); (R.F.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rosa Fernandes
- Institute of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics & Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.N.); (S.D.V.); (I.P.); (A.A.); (R.F.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João S. Teodoro
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology (FCTUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.S.T.); (R.A.C.); (A.P.R.); (C.M.P.)
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology of Coimbra (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Matos
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (P.M.); (A.F.); (L.S.)
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- CIEPQPF, Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre Research Center, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Artur Figueirinha
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (P.M.); (A.F.); (L.S.)
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Lígia Salgueiro
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (P.M.); (A.F.); (L.S.)
- CIEPQPF, Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre Research Center, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Alexandra André
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, ESTESC-Coimbra Health School, Pharmacy/Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Sara Silva
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (S.S.); (M.M.P.)
| | - Ivana Jarak
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Rui A. Carvalho
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology (FCTUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.S.T.); (R.A.C.); (A.P.R.); (C.M.P.)
- Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry-Clean Technologies and Processes, REQUIMTE, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Cavadas
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology of Coimbra (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (P.M.); (A.F.); (L.S.)
| | - Anabela P. Rolo
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology (FCTUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.S.T.); (R.A.C.); (A.P.R.); (C.M.P.)
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology of Coimbra (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carlos M. Palmeira
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology (FCTUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.S.T.); (R.A.C.); (A.P.R.); (C.M.P.)
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology of Coimbra (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria M. Pintado
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (S.S.); (M.M.P.)
| | - Flávio Reis
- Institute of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics & Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.N.); (S.D.V.); (I.P.); (A.A.); (R.F.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
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20
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Coelho OGL, Alfenas RDCG, Debelo H, Wightman JD, Ferruzzi MG, Mattes RD. Effects of Concord grape juice flavor intensity and phenolic compound content on glycemia, appetite and cognitive function in adults with excess body weight: a randomized double-blind crossover trial. Food Funct 2021; 12:11469-11481. [PMID: 34698750 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02049h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background & aims: Concord grape (Vitis lambrusca) juice (CGJ) contains a unique combination of polyphenolic compounds with diverse effects on human health. It also has an intense sensory profile that may modify food choice. Daily consumption of CGJ over 8 weeks reduced fasting blood glucose. However, the impact on 24h-postprandial glucose response from CGJ is still not clear. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of CGJ flavor intensity and phenolic content on 24 h postprandial glucose concentrations, appetitive sensations, and cognitive function in adults with excess body weight when consumed alone or with a meal. Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, crossover design study, participants consumed three types of beverages: 100% CGJ, a polyphenol-free grape flavored drink with the same flavor essence (LP) or a polyphenol-free grape flavored drink with reduced flavor essence (LPF) either without (trial I) or with (trial II) a meal. 24 h glucose was measured through continuous glucose monitoring. Phenolic metabolite excretion was assessed in 24 h urine samples. Appetite (hunger, thirst, fullness, desire to eat, and prospective consumption) and cognitive function (alertness, energetic, strength, calmness, and relaxation) were assessed hourly through visual analog scales. Results: Thirty-four adults completed trial I and 34 adults completed trial II. When consumed with a meal, beverages with customary flavor essence (CGJ and LP) reduced hunger, desire to eat, and prospective consumption and consumption of the polyphenol-free reduced flavor essence beverage was associated with higher 24 h glucose tAUC. No consistent effects were observed for cognitive outcomes. When consumed alone, CGJ was related to lower glycemic responses by those excreting a higher concentration of the phenolic metabolite iso/ferulic-3'-O-glucuronide, but in beverages without CG phenolics and reduced flavor essence, glycemia was higher among those excreting higher concentrations of caffeic acid-O-sulfate. Conclusions: Both natural phenolics and flavor essence of CGJ may help to moderate appetite and glycemia. Clinical Trials registered at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03409484 (trial I) and NCT03409497 (trial II).
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Affiliation(s)
- Olívia G L Coelho
- Departamento de Nutrição e Saúde, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Hawi Debelo
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | | | - Mario G Ferruzzi
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Richard D Mattes
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
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21
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Cladis DP, Weaver CM, Ferruzzi MG. (Poly)phenol toxicity in vivo following oral administration: A targeted narrative review of (poly)phenols from green tea, grape, and anthocyanin-rich extracts. Phytother Res 2021; 36:323-335. [PMID: 34725890 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Fruit- and vegetable-derived (poly)phenols are secondary plant metabolites that may have beneficial effects on human health when consumed regularly. Recent years have seen rapid growth in both consumer demand for and research interest in (poly)phenol-rich dietary supplements, natural colorants, and functional foods. As these products continue to enter the marketplace and (poly)phenol intake patterns change from traditional food products to these sources, attention must be paid to the potential for toxicity from consuming elevated doses of (poly)phenols. To date, much remains unknown regarding the safety of high doses of (poly)phenols, especially in vivo. In this targeted narrative review, we summarize evidence from in vivo investigations of (poly)phenol toxicity after oral administration of green tea extracts, grape-derived phenolics, and anthocyanin-rich extracts. There is limited evidence of overt toxicity from oral ingestion of these (poly)phenol-rich sources, though more research on the safety of high doses-as well as defining what constitutes a "high" dose of both individual and complex mixtures of (poly)phenols-is needed before these observations can be used to create dietary guidance for consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis P Cladis
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Connie M Weaver
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Mario G Ferruzzi
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
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