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Ochoa A, Gastélum G, Rocha J, Olguin LF. High-throughput bacterial co-encapsulation in microfluidic gel beads for discovery of antibiotic-producing strains. Analyst 2023; 148:5762-5774. [PMID: 37843562 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01101a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria with antagonistic activity inhibit the growth of other bacteria through different mechanisms, including the production of antibiotics. As a result, these microorganisms are a prolific source of such compounds. However, searching for antibiotic-producing strains requires high-throughput techniques due to the vast diversity of microorganisms. Here, we screened and isolated bacteria with antagonistic activity against Escherichia coli expressing the green fluorescent protein (E. coli-GFP). We used microfluidics to co-encapsulate and co-culture single cells from different strains within picoliter gel beads and analyzed them using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). To test the methodology, we used three bacterial isolates obtained from Mexican maize, which exhibit high, moderate, or no antagonistic activity against E. coli-GFP, as determined previously using agar plate assays. Single cells from each strain were separately co-incubated into gel beads with E. coli-GFP. We monitored the development of the maize bacteria microcolonies and tracked the growth or inhibition of E. coli-GFP using bright-field and fluorescent microscopy. We correlated these images with distinctive light scatter and fluorescence signatures of each incubated bead type using FACS. This analysis enabled us to sort gel beads filled with an antagonistic strain, starting from a mixture of the three different types of maize bacteria and E. coli-GFP. Likewise, culturing the FACS-sorted beads on agar plates confirmed the isolation and recovery of the two antagonistic strains. In addition, enrichment assays demonstrated the methodology's effectiveness in isolating rare antibiotic-producer strains (0.01% abundance) present in a mixture of microorganisms. These results show that associating light side scatter and fluorescent flow cytometry signals with microscopy images provides valuable controls to establish successful high-throughput methods for sorting beads in which microbial interaction assays are performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Ochoa
- Laboratorio de Biofisicoquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, CDMX 04510, Mexico.
| | - Gabriela Gastélum
- Unidad Regional Hidalgo, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., San Agustín Tlaxiaca, Hidalgo 42163, Mexico
| | - Jorge Rocha
- Unidad Regional Hidalgo, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., San Agustín Tlaxiaca, Hidalgo 42163, Mexico
- Programa de Agricultura en Zonas Áridas, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, La Paz, B.C.S. 23096, Mexico
| | - Luis F Olguin
- Laboratorio de Biofisicoquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, CDMX 04510, Mexico.
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2
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Zhang N, Li C, Dou X, Du Y, Tian F. Test Article for automation purposes. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2023; 53:1969-1989. [PMID: 37881955 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2042999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Digital recombinase polymerase amplification (dRPA) aims to quantify the initial amount of nucleic acid by dividing nucleic acid and all reagents required for the RPA reaction evenly into numerous individual reaction units, such as chambers or droplets. dRPA turns out to be a prominent technique for quantifying the absolute quantity of target nucleic acid because of its advantages including low equipment requirements, short time consumption, as well as high sensitivity and specificity. dRPA combined with microfluidics are recognized as simple, various, and high-throughput nucleic acid quantization systems. This paper classifies the microfluidic dRPA systems over the last decade. We analyze and summarize the vital technologies of various microfluidic dRPA systems (e.g., chip preparation process, segmentation principle, microfluidic control, and statistical analysis methods), and major efforts to address limitations (e.g., prevention of evaporation and contamination, accurate initiation, and reduction of manual operation). In addition, this paper summarizes key factors and potential constraints to the success of the microfluidic dRPA to help more researchers, and possible strategies to overcome the mentioned challenges. Lastly, actual suggestions and strategies are proposed for the subsequent development of microfluidic dRPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- Institute of Medical Support Technology, Academy of Military Science, Tianjin, China
| | - Chao Li
- Institute of Medical Support Technology, Academy of Military Science, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuechen Dou
- Institute of Medical Support Technology, Academy of Military Science, Tianjin, China
| | - Yaohua Du
- Institute of Medical Support Technology, Academy of Military Science, Tianjin, China
| | - Feng Tian
- Institute of Medical Support Technology, Academy of Military Science, Tianjin, China
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3
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Zaeri A, Zgeib R, Cao K, Zhang F, Chang RC. Numerical analysis on the effects of microfluidic-based bioprinting parameters on the microfiber geometrical outcomes. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3364. [PMID: 35233043 PMCID: PMC8888655 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07392-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of microfluidics technology in additive manufacturing is an emerging approach that makes possible the fabrication of functional three-dimensional cell-laden structured biomaterials. A key challenge that needs to be addressed using a microfluidic-based printhead (MBP) is increasing the controllability over the properties of the fabricated microtissue. Herein, an MBP platform is numerically simulated for the fabrication of solid and hollow microfibers using a microfluidic channel system with high level of controllability over the microfiber geometrical outcomes. Specifically, the generation of microfibers is enabled by studying the effects of microfluidic-based bioprinting parameters that capture the different range of design, bioink material, and process parameter dependencies as numerically modeled as a multiphysics problem. Furthermore, the numerical model is verified and validated, exhibiting good agreement with literature-derived experimental data in terms of microfiber geometrical outcomes. Additionally, a predictive mathematical formula that correlates the dimensionless process parameters with dimensionless geometrical outcomes is presented to calculate the geometrical outcomes of the microfibers. This formula is expected to be applicable for bioinks within a prescribed range of the density and viscosity value. The MBP applications are highlighted towards precision fabrication of heterogeneous microstructures with functionally graded properties to be used in organ generation, disease modeling, and drug testing studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmadreza Zaeri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, 07030, USA
| | - Ralf Zgeib
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, 07030, USA
| | - Kai Cao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, 07030, USA
| | - Fucheng Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, 07030, USA
| | - Robert C Chang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, 07030, USA.
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4
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Zhang N, Li C, Dou X, Du Y, Tian F. Overview and Future Perspectives of Microfluidic Digital Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (dRPA). Crit Rev Anal Chem 2022; 52:1969-1989. [PMID: 35201910 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2042669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Digital recombinase polymerase amplification (dRPA) aims to quantify the initial amount of nucleic acid by dividing nucleic acid and all reagents required for the RPA reaction evenly into numerous individual reaction units, such as chambers or droplets. dRPA turns out to be a prominent technique for quantifying the absolute quantity of target nucleic acid because of its advantages including low equipment requirements, short time consumption, as well as high sensitivity and specificity. dRPA combined with microfluidics are recognized as simple, various, and high-throughput nucleic acid quantization systems. This paper classifies the microfluidic dRPA systems over the last decade. We analyze and summarize the vital technologies of various microfluidic dRPA systems (e.g., chip preparation process, segmentation principle, microfluidic control, and statistical analysis methods), and major efforts to address limitations (e.g., prevention of evaporation and contamination, accurate initiation, and reduction of manual operation). In addition, this paper summarizes key factors and potential constraints to the success of the microfluidic dRPA to help more researchers, and possible strategies to overcome the mentioned challenges. Lastly, actual suggestions and strategies are proposed for the subsequent development of microfluidic dRPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- Institute of Medical Support Technology, Academy of Military Science, Tianjin, China
| | - Chao Li
- Institute of Medical Support Technology, Academy of Military Science, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuechen Dou
- Institute of Medical Support Technology, Academy of Military Science, Tianjin, China
| | - Yaohua Du
- Institute of Medical Support Technology, Academy of Military Science, Tianjin, China
| | - Feng Tian
- Institute of Medical Support Technology, Academy of Military Science, Tianjin, China
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5
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Liu D, Sun M, Zhang J, Hu R, Fu W, Xuanyuan T, Liu W. Single-cell droplet microfluidics for biomedical applications. Analyst 2022; 147:2294-2316. [DOI: 10.1039/d1an02321g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on the recent advances in the fundamentals of single-cell droplet microfluidics and its applications in biomedicine, providing insights into design and establishment of single-cell microsystems and their further performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Meilin Sun
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Jinwei Zhang
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Rui Hu
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Wenzhu Fu
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Tingting Xuanyuan
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Wenming Liu
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
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Khater A, Abdelrehim O, Mohammadi M, Mohamad A, Sanati-Nezhad A. Thermal droplet microfluidics: From biology to cooling technology. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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