1
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Paiè P, Calisesi G, Candeo A, Comi A, Sala F, Ceccarelli F, De Luigi A, Veglianese P, Muhlberger K, Fokine M, Valentini G, Osellame R, Neil M, Bassi A, Bragheri F. Structured-light-sheet imaging in an integrated optofluidic platform. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 24:34-46. [PMID: 37791882 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00639e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneity investigation at the single-cell level reveals morphological and phenotypic characteristics in cell populations. In clinical research, heterogeneity has important implications in the correct detection and interpretation of prognostic markers and in the analysis of patient-derived material. Among single-cell analysis, imaging flow cytometry allows combining information retrieved by single cell images with the throughput of fluidic platforms. Nevertheless, these techniques might fail in a comprehensive heterogeneity evaluation because of limited image resolution and bidimensional analysis. Light sheet fluorescence microscopy opened new ways to study in 3D the complexity of cellular functionality in samples ranging from single-cells to micro-tissues, with remarkably fast acquisition and low photo-toxicity. In addition, structured illumination microscopy has been applied to single-cell studies enhancing the resolution of imaging beyond the conventional diffraction limit. The combination of these techniques in a microfluidic environment, which permits automatic sample delivery and translation, would allow exhaustive investigation of cellular heterogeneity with high throughput image acquisition at high resolution. Here we propose an integrated optofluidic platform capable of performing structured light sheet imaging flow cytometry (SLS-IFC). The system encompasses a multicolor directional coupler equipped with a thermo-optic phase shifter, cylindrical lenses and a microfluidic network to generate and shift a patterned light sheet within a microchannel. The absence of moving parts allows a stable alignment and an automated fluorescence signal acquisition during the sample flow. The platform enables 3D imaging of an entire cell in about 1 s with a resolution enhancement capable of revealing sub-cellular features and sub-diffraction limit details.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Paiè
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, Milano, 20133, Italy.
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, Milano, 20133, Italy.
| | - Gianmaria Calisesi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, Milano, 20133, Italy.
| | - Alessia Candeo
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, Milano, 20133, Italy.
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, Milano, 20133, Italy.
| | - Andrea Comi
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, Milano, 20133, Italy.
| | - Federico Sala
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, Milano, 20133, Italy.
| | - Francesco Ceccarelli
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, Milano, 20133, Italy.
| | - Ada De Luigi
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, Milano, 20156, Italy
| | - Pietro Veglianese
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, Milano, 20156, Italy
| | - Korbinian Muhlberger
- Department of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Roslagstullsbacken 21, Stockholm, 11421, Sweden
| | - Michael Fokine
- Department of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Roslagstullsbacken 21, Stockholm, 11421, Sweden
| | - Gianluca Valentini
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, Milano, 20133, Italy.
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, Milano, 20133, Italy.
| | - Roberto Osellame
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, Milano, 20133, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, Milano, 20133, Italy.
| | - Mark Neil
- Physics Department, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2BB, UK
| | - Andrea Bassi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, Milano, 20133, Italy.
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, Milano, 20133, Italy.
| | - Francesca Bragheri
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, Milano, 20133, Italy.
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2
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Tadesse K, Mandracchia B, Yoon K, Han K, Jia S. Three-dimensional multifocal scanning microscopy for super-resolution cell and tissue imaging. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:38550-38559. [PMID: 38017958 DOI: 10.1364/oe.501100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Recent advancements in image-scanning microscopy have significantly enriched super-resolution biological research, providing deeper insights into cellular structures and processes. However, current image-scanning techniques often require complex instrumentation and alignment, constraining their broader applicability in cell biological discovery and convenient, cost-effective integration into commonly used frameworks like epi-fluorescence microscopes. Here, we introduce three-dimensional multifocal scanning microscopy (3D-MSM) for super-resolution imaging of cells and tissue with substantially reduced instrumental complexity. This method harnesses the inherent 3D movement of specimens to achieve stationary, multi-focal excitation and super-resolution microscopy through a standard epi-fluorescence platform. We validated the system using a range of phantom, single-cell, and tissue specimens. The combined strengths of structured illumination, confocal detection, and epi-fluorescence setup result in two-fold resolution improvement in all three dimensions, effective optical sectioning, scalable volume acquisition, and compatibility with general imaging and sample protocols. We anticipate that 3D-MSM will pave a promising path for future super-resolution investigations in cell and tissue biology.
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Yoon K, Han K, Tadesse K, Mandracchia B, Jia S. Simultaneous Multicolor Multifocal Scanning Microscopy. ACS PHOTONICS 2023; 10:3035-3041. [PMID: 37743934 PMCID: PMC10515623 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.3c00205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy has revolutionized cell biology over the past decade, enabling the visualization of subcellular complexity with unparalleled clarity and detail. However, the rapid development of image-scanning-based super-resolution systems still restrains convenient access to commonly used instruments such as epi-fluorescence microscopes. Here, we present multifocal scanning microscopy (MSM) for super-resolution imaging with simultaneous multicolor acquisition and minimal instrumental complexity. MSM implements a stationary, interposed multifocal multicolor excitation by exploiting the motion of the specimens, realizing super-resolution microscopy through a general epi-fluorescence platform without compromising the image-scanning mechanism or inducing complex instrument alignment. The system is demonstrated with various phantom and biological specimens, and the results present effective resolution doubling, optical sectioning, and contrast enhancement. We anticipate MSM, as a highly accessible and compatible super-resolution technique, to offer a promising methodological pathway for broad cell biological discoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungduck Yoon
- Wallace
H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Parker
H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- George
W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Keyi Han
- Wallace
H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Kidan Tadesse
- Wallace
H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Parker
H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Biagio Mandracchia
- Wallace
H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Shu Jia
- Wallace
H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Parker
H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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4
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Wang Z, Bianco V, Maffettone PL, Ferraro P. Holographic flow scanning cytometry overcomes depth of focus limits and smartly adapts to microfluidic speed. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:2316-2326. [PMID: 37074006 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00063j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Space-time digital holography (STDH) maps holograms in a hybrid space-time domain to achieve extended field of view, resolution enhanced, quantitative phase-contrast microscopy and velocimetry of flowing objects in a label-free modality. In STDH, area sensors can be replaced by compact and faster linear sensor arrays to augment the imaging throughput and to compress data from a microfluidic video sequence into one single hybrid hologram. However, in order to ensure proper imaging, the velocity of the objects in microfluidic channels has to be well-matched to the acquisition frame rate, which is the major constraint of the method. Also, imaging all the flowing samples in focus at the same time, while avoiding hydrodynamic focusing devices, is a highly desirable goal. Here we demonstrate a novel processing pipeline that addresses non-ideal flow conditions and is capable of returning the correct and extended focus phase contrast mapping of an entire microfluidic experiment in a single image. We apply this novel processing strategy to recover phase imaging of flowing HeLa cells in a lab-on-a-chip platform even when severely undersampled due to too fast flow while ensuring that all cells are in focus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", P.le Tecchio 80, 80125, Napoli, Italy
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems "E. Caianiello" (ISASI-CNR), via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Vittorio Bianco
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems "E. Caianiello" (ISASI-CNR), via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Pier Luca Maffettone
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", P.le Tecchio 80, 80125, Napoli, Italy
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems "E. Caianiello" (ISASI-CNR), via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Pietro Ferraro
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems "E. Caianiello" (ISASI-CNR), via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy.
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5
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Aubry G, Lee HJ, Lu H. Advances in Microfluidics: Technical Innovations and Applications in Diagnostics and Therapeutics. Anal Chem 2023; 95:444-467. [PMID: 36625114 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Aubry
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Hyun Jee Lee
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Hang Lu
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States.,Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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6
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Guimarães CF, Cruz-Moreira D, Caballero D, Pirraco RP, Gasperini L, Kundu SC, Reis RL. Shining a Light on Cancer - Photonics in Microfluidic Tumor Modelling and Biosensing. Adv Healthc Mater 2022:e2201442. [PMID: 35998112 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202201442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Microfluidic platforms represent a powerful approach to miniaturizing important characteristics of cancers, improving in vitro testing by increasing physiological relevance. Different tools can manipulate cells and materials at the microscale, but few offer the efficiency and versatility of light and optical technologies. Moreover, light-driven technologies englobe a broad toolbox for quantifying critical biological phenomena. Herein, we review the role of photonics in microfluidic 3D cancer modeling and biosensing from three major perspectives. First, we look at optical-driven technologies that allow biomaterials and living cells to be manipulated with micro-sized precision and the opportunities to advance 3D microfluidic models by engineering cancer microenvironments' hallmarks, such as their architecture, cellular complexity, and vascularization. Second, we delve into the growing field of optofluidics, exploring how optical tools can directly interface microfluidic chips, enabling the extraction of relevant biological data, from single fluorescent signals to the complete 3D imaging of diseased cells within microchannels. Third, we review advances in optical cancer biosensing, focusing on how light-matter interactions can detect biomarkers, rare circulating tumor cells, and cell-derived structures such as exosomes. We overview photonic technologies' current challenges and caveats in microfluidic 3D cancer models, outlining future research avenues that may catapult the field. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos F Guimarães
- 3B's Research Group -Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga and Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Daniela Cruz-Moreira
- 3B's Research Group -Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga and Guimarães, Portugal
| | - David Caballero
- 3B's Research Group -Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga and Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rogério P Pirraco
- 3B's Research Group -Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga and Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Luca Gasperini
- 3B's Research Group -Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga and Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Subhas C Kundu
- 3B's Research Group -Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga and Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group -Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga and Guimarães, Portugal
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7
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Huang K, Matsumura H, Zhao Y, Herbig M, Yuan D, Mineharu Y, Harmon J, Findinier J, Yamagishi M, Ohnuki S, Nitta N, Grossman AR, Ohya Y, Mikami H, Isozaki A, Goda K. Deep imaging flow cytometry. LAB ON A CHIP 2022; 22:876-889. [PMID: 35142325 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc01043c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Imaging flow cytometry (IFC) has become a powerful tool for diverse biomedical applications by virtue of its ability to image single cells in a high-throughput manner. However, there remains a challenge posed by the fundamental trade-off between throughput, sensitivity, and spatial resolution. Here we present deep-learning-enhanced imaging flow cytometry (dIFC) that circumvents this trade-off by implementing an image restoration algorithm on a virtual-freezing fluorescence imaging (VIFFI) flow cytometry platform, enabling higher throughput without sacrificing sensitivity and spatial resolution. A key component of dIFC is a high-resolution (HR) image generator that synthesizes "virtual" HR images from the corresponding low-resolution (LR) images acquired with a low-magnification lens (10×/0.4-NA). For IFC, a low-magnification lens is favorable because of reduced image blur of cells flowing at a higher speed, which allows higher throughput. We trained and developed the HR image generator with an architecture containing two generative adversarial networks (GANs). Furthermore, we developed dIFC as a method by combining the trained generator and IFC. We characterized dIFC using Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cell images, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) images of Jurkat cells, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (budding yeast) cell images, showing high similarities of dIFC images to images obtained with a high-magnification lens (40×/0.95-NA), at a high flow speed of 2 m s-1. We lastly employed dIFC to show enhancements in the accuracy of FISH-spot counting and neck-width measurement of budding yeast cells. These results pave the way for statistical analysis of cells with high-dimensional spatial information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangrui Huang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Matsumura
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Yaqi Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Maik Herbig
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Dan Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Yohei Mineharu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Department of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Jeffrey Harmon
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Justin Findinier
- Department of Plant Biology, The Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Mai Yamagishi
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Ohnuki
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
| | | | - Arthur R Grossman
- Department of Plant Biology, The Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Yoshikazu Ohya
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
- Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Hideharu Mikami
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Akihiro Isozaki
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Keisuke Goda
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Institute of Technological Sciences, Wuhan University, Hubei 430072, China
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8
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The Development of Microscopy for Super-Resolution: Confocal Microscopy, and Image Scanning Microscopy. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11198981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Optical methods of super-resolution microscopy, such as confocal microscopy, structured illumination, nonlinear microscopy, and image scanning microscopy are reviewed. These methods avoid strong invasive interaction with a sample, allowing the observation of delicate biological samples. The meaning of resolution and the basic principles and different approaches to superresolution are discussed.
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