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Han SI, Sarkes DA, Hurley MM, Renberg R, Huang C, Li Y, Jahnke JP, Sumner JJ, Stratis-Cullum DN, Han A. Identification of Microorganisms that Bind Specifically to Target Materials of Interest Using a Magnetophoretic Microfluidic Platform. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:11391-11402. [PMID: 36847552 PMCID: PMC10848205 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c15192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Discovery of microorganisms and their relevant surface peptides that specifically bind to target materials of interest can be achieved through iterative biopanning-based screening of cellular libraries having high diversity. Recently, microfluidics-based biopanning methods have been developed and exploited to overcome the limitations of conventional methods where controlling the shear stress applied to remove cells that do not bind or only weakly bind to target surfaces is difficult and the overall experimental procedure is labor-intensive. Despite the advantages of such microfluidic methods and successful demonstration of their utility, these methods still require several rounds of iterative biopanning. In this work, a magnetophoretic microfluidic biopanning platform was developed to isolate microorganisms that bind to target materials of interest, which is gold in this case. To achieve this, gold-coated magnetic nanobeads, which only attached to microorganisms that exhibit high affinity to gold, were used. The platform was first utilized to screen a bacterial peptide display library, where only the cells with surface peptides that specifically bind to gold could be isolated by the high-gradient magnetic field generated within the microchannel, resulting in enrichment and isolation of many isolates with high affinity and high specificity toward gold even after only a single round of separation. The amino acid profile of the resulting isolates was analyzed to provide a better understanding of the distinctive attributes of peptides that contribute to their specific material-binding capabilities. Next, the microfluidic system was utilized to screen soil microbes, a rich source of extremely diverse microorganisms, successfully isolating many naturally occurring microorganisms that show strong and specific binding to gold. The results show that the developed microfluidic platform is a powerful screening tool for identifying microorganisms that specifically bind to a target material surface of interest, which can greatly accelerate the development of new peptide-driven biological materials and hybrid organic-inorganic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-I Han
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College
Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Deborah A. Sarkes
- Biotechnology
Branch, U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command (DEVCOM), Army Research Laboratory (ARL), Adelphi, Maryland 20783, USA
| | - Margaret M. Hurley
- Biotechnology
Branch, U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command (DEVCOM), Army Research Laboratory (ARL), Adelphi, Maryland 20783, USA
| | - Rebecca Renberg
- Biotechnology
Branch, U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command (DEVCOM), Army Research Laboratory (ARL), Adelphi, Maryland 20783, USA
| | - Can Huang
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College
Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Yuwen Li
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College
Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Justin P. Jahnke
- Biotechnology
Branch, U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command (DEVCOM), Army Research Laboratory (ARL), Adelphi, Maryland 20783, USA
| | - James J. Sumner
- Biotechnology
Branch, U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command (DEVCOM), Army Research Laboratory (ARL), Adelphi, Maryland 20783, USA
| | - Dimitra N. Stratis-Cullum
- Biotechnology
Branch, U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command (DEVCOM), Army Research Laboratory (ARL), Adelphi, Maryland 20783, USA
| | - Arum Han
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College
Station, Texas 77843, USA
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M
University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
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Wang R, Li HD, Cao Y, Wang ZY, Yang T, Wang JH. M13 phage: a versatile building block for a highly specific analysis platform. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023:10.1007/s00216-023-04606-w. [PMID: 36867197 PMCID: PMC9982796 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04606-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Viruses are changing the biosensing and biomedicine landscape due to their multivalency, orthogonal reactivities, and responsiveness to genetic modifications. As the most extensively studied phage model for constructing a phage display library, M13 phage has received much research attention as building blocks or viral scaffolds for various applications including isolation/separation, sensing/probing, and in vivo imaging. Through genetic engineering and chemical modification, M13 phages can be functionalized into a multifunctional analysis platform with various functional regions conducting their functionality without mutual disturbance. Its unique filamentous morphology and flexibility also promoted the analytical performance in terms of target affinity and signal amplification. In this review, we mainly focused on the application of M13 phage in the analytical field and the benefit it brings. We also introduced several genetic engineering and chemical modification approaches for endowing M13 with various functionalities, and summarized some representative applications using M13 phages to construct isolation sorbents, biosensors, cell imaging probes, and immunoassays. Finally, current issues and challenges remaining in this field were discussed and future perspectives were also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- grid.412252.20000 0004 0368 6968Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang, 110819 China
| | - Hui-Da Li
- grid.412252.20000 0004 0368 6968Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang, 110819 China
| | - Ying Cao
- grid.412252.20000 0004 0368 6968Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang, 110819 China
| | - Zi-Yi Wang
- grid.412252.20000 0004 0368 6968Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang, 110819 China
| | - Ting Yang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang, 110819, China.
| | - Jian-Hua Wang
- grid.412252.20000 0004 0368 6968Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang, 110819 China
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Bu N, Huang L, Cao G, Pang J, Mu R. Stable O/W emulsions and oleogels with amphiphilic konjac glucomannan network: preparation, characterization, and application. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:6555-6565. [PMID: 35587687 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The stabilization of oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions has long been explored. Assembly of polymer networks is an effective method for stabilizing O/W emulsions. Konjac glucomannan (KGM) is a plant polysaccharide and the network of KGM gel is a good candidate for stabilizing O/W emulsions based on its high viscosity and thickening properties. However, natural KGM has strong hydrophilicity and is not able to offer interfacial activity. Octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) is a hydrophobic molecule, which is widely used as thickener and stabilizer in food emulsions. In this work, the amphiphilic biopolymer (OSA-KGM) was fabricated by modifying the KGM with OSA. Furthermore, OSA-KGM biopolymer was used to prepare O/W emulsions, which were then freeze-dried and used to prepare oleogels as fat substitute for bakery products. RESULTS OSA-KGM had advanced hydrophobicity with water contact angle 81.13° and adsorption behavior at the oil-water interface, with interfacial tension decreasing from 18.52 to 13.57 mN m-1 within 1 h. The emulsification of OSA-KGM remarkably improved the stability of emulsions without phase separation during storage for 31 days. Oleogels with OSA-KGM showed good thixotropic and structure recovery properties (approximately 100%) and low oil loss (from 69.5% to 50.4%). Cakes made from oleogels had a softer texture than cakes made from peanut oil and margarine. CONCLUSION Amphiphilic biopolymer OSA-KGM shows advanced interfacial activity and hydrophobicity. This paper provides an insight into preparing stable O/W emulsions with a new biopolymer and oleogels potentially applied as fat substitute in bakery products. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitong Bu
- Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Liying Huang
- Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guoyu Cao
- Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jie Pang
- Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ruojun Mu
- Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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Synergetic collision and space separation in microfluidic chip for efficient affinity-discriminated molecular selection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2211538119. [PMID: 36191233 PMCID: PMC9565315 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2211538119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient molecular selection is a prerequisite for generating molecular tools used in diagnosis, pathology, vaccinology, and therapeutics. Selection efficiency is thermodynamically highly dependent on the dissociation equilibrium that can be reached in a single round. Extreme shifting of equilibrium towards dissociation favors the retention of high-affinity ligands over those with lower affinity, thus improving the selection efficiency. We propose to synergize dual effects by deterministic lateral-displacement microfluidics, including the collision-based force effect and the two-dimensional (2D) separation-based concentration effect, to greatly shift the equilibrium. Compared with previous approaches, this system can remove more low- or moderate-affinity ligands and maintain most high-affinity ligands, thereby improving affinity discrimination in selection. This strategy is demonstrated on phage display in both experiment and simulation, and two peptides against tumor markers ephrin type-A receptor 2 (EphA2) and CD71 were obtained with high affinity and specificity within a single round of selection, which offers a promising direction for discovery of robust binding ligands for a wide range of biomedical applications.
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