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Valderrama V, Sánchez P, Delso M, Díaz-Dosque M, Escobar A, Budini M, Catalán M, Vivar R, López-Muñoz R, Jara JA, Molina-Berríos A. Gallic acid triphenylphosphonium derivatives TPP+-C10 and TPP+-C12 inhibit mitochondrial function in Candida albicans exerting antifungal and antibiofilm effects. J Appl Microbiol 2024; 135:lxad316. [PMID: 38148145 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxad316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the antifungal and antibiofilm activity of gallic acid derivatives TPP+-C10 and TPP+-C12 and their effects on mitochondrial function on two Candida albicans reference strains (ATCC 90029 and ATCC 10231). METHODS AND RESULTS First, we determined minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) using a microdilution assay. Both compounds exerted antifungal effects, and their MICs ranged from 3.9 to 13 µM, with no statistically significant differences between them (P > 0.05, t-test). These concentrations served as references for following assays. Subsequently, we measured oxygen consumption with a Clark electrode. Our observations revealed that both drugs inhibited oxygen consumption in both strains with TPP+-C12 exerting a more pronounced inhibitory effect. We then employed flow cytometry with TMRE as a probe to assess mitochondrial membrane potential. For each strain assayed, the compounds induced a decay in transmembrane potential by 75%-90% compared to the control condition (P < 0.05, ANOVA). Then, we measured ATP levels using a commercial kit. TPP+-C12 showed a 50% decrease of ATP content (P < 0.05 ANOVA), while TPP+-C10 exhibited a less pronounced effect. Finally, we assessed the antibiofilm effect using the MTT reduction assay. Both compounds were effective, but TPP+-C12 displayed a greater potency, requiring a lower concentration to inhibit 50% of biofilms viability (P < 0.05, t-test). CONCLUSIONS Derivatives of gallic acid linked to a TPP+ group exert antifungal and antibiofilm activity through impairment of mitochondrial function in C. albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Valderrama
- Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology for the Development of Anticancer and Antifungal Drugs, Institute for Research in Dental Sciences (ICOD), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, 8380544, Chile
| | - Paula Sánchez
- Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology for the Development of Anticancer and Antifungal Drugs, Institute for Research in Dental Sciences (ICOD), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, 8380544, Chile
| | - Macarena Delso
- Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology for the Development of Anticancer and Antifungal Drugs, Institute for Research in Dental Sciences (ICOD), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, 8380544, Chile
| | - Mario Díaz-Dosque
- Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology for the Development of Anticancer and Antifungal Drugs, Institute for Research in Dental Sciences (ICOD), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, 8380544, Chile
- Laboratory of Nanobiomaterials, Institute for Research in Dental Sciences (ICOD), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, 8380544, Chile
| | - Alejandro Escobar
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology, Institute for Research in Dental Sciences (ICOD), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, 8380544, Chile
| | - Mauricio Budini
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Institute for Research in Dental Sciences (ICOD), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, 8380544, Chile
| | - Mabel Catalán
- Clinical and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, 8380453, Chile
| | - Raúl Vivar
- Clinical and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, 8380453, Chile
| | - Rodrigo López-Muñoz
- Instituto de Farmacología y Morfofisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, 5110566, Chile
| | - José A Jara
- Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology for the Development of Anticancer and Antifungal Drugs, Institute for Research in Dental Sciences (ICOD), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, 8380544, Chile
| | - Alfredo Molina-Berríos
- Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology for the Development of Anticancer and Antifungal Drugs, Institute for Research in Dental Sciences (ICOD), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, 8380544, Chile
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Mironov VF, Nemtarev AV, Tsepaeva OV, Dimukhametov MN, Litvinov IA, Voloshina AD, Pashirova TN, Titov EA, Lyubina AP, Amerhanova SK, Gubaidullin AT, Islamov DR. Rational Design 2-Hydroxypropylphosphonium Salts as Cancer Cell Mitochondria-Targeted Vectors: Synthesis, Structure, and Biological Properties. Molecules 2021; 26:6350. [PMID: 34770759 PMCID: PMC8588467 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been shown for a wide range of epoxy compounds that their interaction with triphenylphosphonium triflate occurs with a high chemoselectivity and leads to the formation of (2-hydroxypropyl)triphenylphosphonium triflates 3 substituted in the 3-position with an alkoxy, alkylcarboxyl group, or halogen, which were isolated in a high yield. Using the methodology for the disclosure of epichlorohydrin with alcohols in the presence of boron trifluoride etherate, followed by the substitution of iodine for chlorine and treatment with triphenylphosphine, 2-hydroxypropyltriphenylphosphonium iodides 4 were also obtained. The molecular and supramolecular structure of the obtained phosphonium salts was established, and their high antitumor activity was revealed in relation to duodenal adenocarcinoma. The formation of liposomal systems based on phosphonium salt 3 and L-α-phosphatidylcholine (PC) was employed for improving the bioavailability and reducing the toxicity. They were produced by the thin film rehydration method and exhibited cytotoxic properties. This rational design of phosphonium salts 3 and 4 has promising potential of new vectors for targeted delivery into mitochondria of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir F. Mironov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 8 Arbuzov St., 420088 Kazan, Russia; (A.V.N.); (O.V.T.); (M.N.D.); (I.A.L.); (A.D.V.); (T.N.P.); (A.P.L.); (S.K.A.); (A.T.G.); (D.R.I.)
| | - Andrey V. Nemtarev
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 8 Arbuzov St., 420088 Kazan, Russia; (A.V.N.); (O.V.T.); (M.N.D.); (I.A.L.); (A.D.V.); (T.N.P.); (A.P.L.); (S.K.A.); (A.T.G.); (D.R.I.)
| | - Olga V. Tsepaeva
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 8 Arbuzov St., 420088 Kazan, Russia; (A.V.N.); (O.V.T.); (M.N.D.); (I.A.L.); (A.D.V.); (T.N.P.); (A.P.L.); (S.K.A.); (A.T.G.); (D.R.I.)
| | - Mudaris N. Dimukhametov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 8 Arbuzov St., 420088 Kazan, Russia; (A.V.N.); (O.V.T.); (M.N.D.); (I.A.L.); (A.D.V.); (T.N.P.); (A.P.L.); (S.K.A.); (A.T.G.); (D.R.I.)
| | - Igor A. Litvinov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 8 Arbuzov St., 420088 Kazan, Russia; (A.V.N.); (O.V.T.); (M.N.D.); (I.A.L.); (A.D.V.); (T.N.P.); (A.P.L.); (S.K.A.); (A.T.G.); (D.R.I.)
| | - Alexandra D. Voloshina
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 8 Arbuzov St., 420088 Kazan, Russia; (A.V.N.); (O.V.T.); (M.N.D.); (I.A.L.); (A.D.V.); (T.N.P.); (A.P.L.); (S.K.A.); (A.T.G.); (D.R.I.)
| | - Tatiana N. Pashirova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 8 Arbuzov St., 420088 Kazan, Russia; (A.V.N.); (O.V.T.); (M.N.D.); (I.A.L.); (A.D.V.); (T.N.P.); (A.P.L.); (S.K.A.); (A.T.G.); (D.R.I.)
| | - Eugenii A. Titov
- Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya St., 420008 Kazan, Russia;
| | - Anna P. Lyubina
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 8 Arbuzov St., 420088 Kazan, Russia; (A.V.N.); (O.V.T.); (M.N.D.); (I.A.L.); (A.D.V.); (T.N.P.); (A.P.L.); (S.K.A.); (A.T.G.); (D.R.I.)
| | - Syumbelya K. Amerhanova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 8 Arbuzov St., 420088 Kazan, Russia; (A.V.N.); (O.V.T.); (M.N.D.); (I.A.L.); (A.D.V.); (T.N.P.); (A.P.L.); (S.K.A.); (A.T.G.); (D.R.I.)
| | - Aidar T. Gubaidullin
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 8 Arbuzov St., 420088 Kazan, Russia; (A.V.N.); (O.V.T.); (M.N.D.); (I.A.L.); (A.D.V.); (T.N.P.); (A.P.L.); (S.K.A.); (A.T.G.); (D.R.I.)
| | - Daut R. Islamov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 8 Arbuzov St., 420088 Kazan, Russia; (A.V.N.); (O.V.T.); (M.N.D.); (I.A.L.); (A.D.V.); (T.N.P.); (A.P.L.); (S.K.A.); (A.T.G.); (D.R.I.)
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Souto JA. Continuous‐Flow Preparation of Benzotropolones: Combined Batch and Flow Synthesis of Epigenetic Modulators of the (JmjC)‐Containing Domain. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José A. Souto
- Departamento de Química Orgánica Facultade de Química Centro de Investigacións Biomédicas (CINBIO) and IIS Galicia Sur. Universidade de Vigo 36310 Vigo Spain
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