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Xu L, Yin Z, Xiao Y, Zhao LD. Interstitials in Thermoelectrics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2406009. [PMID: 38814637 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202406009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Defect structure is pivotal in advancing thermoelectric performance with interstitials being widely recognized for their remarkable roles in optimizing both phonon and electron transport properties. Diverse interstitial atoms are identified in previous works according to their distinct roles and can be classified into rattling interstitial, decoupling interstitial, interlayer interstitial, dynamic interstitial, and liquid interstitial. Specifically, rattling interstitial can cause phonon resonance in cage compound to scatter phonon transport; decoupling interstitial can contribute to phonon blocking and electron transport due to their significantly different mean free paths; interlayer interstitial can facilitate out-of-layer electron transport in layered compounds; dynamic interstitial can tune temperature-dependent carrier density and optimize electrical transport properties at wide temperatures; liquid interstitial could improve the carrier mobility at homogeneous dispersion state. All of these interstitials have positive impact on thermoelectric performance by adjusting transport parameters. This perspective therefore intends to provide a thorough overview of advances in interstitial strategy and highlight their significance for optimizing thermoelectric parameters. Finally, the profound potential for extending interstitial strategy to various other thermoelectric systems is discussed and some future directions in thermoelectric material are also outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqing Xu
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Zhanxiang Yin
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Yu Xiao
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Li-Dong Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Tianmushan Laboratory, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, 311115, China
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Kukreti S, Ramawat S, Singh N, Dixit A. Strain-engineered thermophysical properties ranging from band-insulating to topological insulating phases in β-antimonene. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:13997-14006. [PMID: 37455636 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr02255b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The use of strain in semiconductors allows extensive modification of their properties. Due to their robust mechanical strength and flexibility, atomically thin 2D materials are very well suited for strain engineering to extract exotic electronic and thermophysical properties. We investigated the structural, electronic, thermal, and vibrational characteristics along with the phonon and carrier dynamics of β-Sb elemental monolayers for achieving the band-insulating phase at no strain and topological insulating phase at ∼15% biaxial strain. A reduction in stiffness was noticed due to the weakening of the π and σ bonds with strain, leading to anharmonicity in the system. This was further reflected by the drop in lattice thermal conductivity (κl) from 4.5 to 3.1 W m-1 K-1 at 15% strain, i.e., in the topological phase. The appearance of helical edge states at 15% strain and meeting the Z2 invariant criterion confirm the non-trivial topological state. The significant contribution of the out-of-plane A1g vibrational mode was noticed in the topological phase compared with the band-insulating phase. Further, the observed larger reduction in hole lifetime could be attributed to strong scattering near the valence band edge. Importantly, the dominance of the out-of-plane optical modes contributes significantly along the band edges to the topological phase, which is primarily due to the reduced buckling height under strain. Thus, this work emphasizes the microscopic origin of the onset of the topological phase in strained β-Sb monolayers and provides strain-engineered structure-property correlations for better insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Kukreti
- Advanced Materials and Device (A-MAD) Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, 342030, India.
| | - Surbhi Ramawat
- Advanced Materials and Device (A-MAD) Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, 342030, India.
| | - Nirpendra Singh
- Department of Physics, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi-127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ambesh Dixit
- Advanced Materials and Device (A-MAD) Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, 342030, India.
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Wu Y, Chen Y, Peng L, Zhang H, Zhou L. Intervalley scattering induced significant reduction in lattice thermal conductivities for phosphorene. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2023. [PMID: 37183596 DOI: 10.1039/d3nh00090g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The thermal transport properties of buckled phosphorene (β-P) and antimonene (β-Sb) are investigated using first-principles methods. The large acoustic-optical phonon gaps of 3.8 THz and 2.2 THz enable the four-phonon interaction to play an important role in phonon scattering for both β-P and β-Sb. Considering the electron-phonon coupling, the lattice thermal conductivity can further undergo 84% decrease to 4.9 W mK-1 for p-type β-P at n = 5 × 1013 cm-2. By quantitatively describing the scattering probability of electrons in different paths combined with electron-phonon coupling matrix element analysis, it is found that multi-valley features of electronic band structure and strong electron-phonon coupling strength make electrons have strong intervalley scattering behavior in β-P. The former plays an important role in the energy conservation condition of the scattering process, and the latter determines the selection rule. Our work elucidates the contribution of higher-order phonon interactions as well as electron-phonon coupling effects to lattice thermal conductivity, and provides a new idea for finding materials with low lattice thermal conductivity induced by intervalley scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wu
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou 313001, China.
| | - Ying Chen
- School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Lei Peng
- School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
- Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University, Chengbei Road, Yiwu City, Zhejiang 322000, China
| | - LiuJiang Zhou
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou 313001, China.
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
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Xia Y, Wu A, Li B, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Peng L, Shao H, Cen Y, Wang Z, Liu S, Ji Y, Sui Z, Zhu H, Zhang H. Spin-Orbit-Coupling-Induced Topological Transition and Anomalously Strong Intervalley Scattering in Two-Dimensional Bismuth Allotropes with Enhanced Thermoelectric Performances. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:19545-19559. [PMID: 37037677 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c20760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The convergence of multivalley bands is originally believed to be beneficial for thermoelectric performance by enhancing the charge conductivity while preserving the Seebeck coefficients, based on the assumption that electron interband or intervalley scattering effects are totally negligible. In this work, we demonstrate that β-Bi with a buckled honeycomb structure experiences a topological transition from a normal insulator to a Z2 topological insulator induced by spin-orbit coupling, which subsequently increases the band degeneracy and is probably beneficial for enhancement of the thermoelectric power factor for holes. Therefore, strong intervalley scattering can be observed in both band-convergent β- and aw-Bi monolayers. Compared to β-Bi, aw-Bi with a puckered black-phosphorus-like structure possesses high carrier mobilities with 318 cm2/(V s) for electrons and 568 cm2/(V s) for holes at room temperature. We also unveil extraordinarily strong fourth phonon-phonon interactions in these bismuth monolayers, significantly reducing their lattice thermal conductivities at room temperature, which is generally anomalous in conventional semiconductors. Finally, a high thermoelectric figure of merit (zT) can be achieved in both bismuth monolayers, especially for aw-Bi with an n-type zT value of 2.2 at room temperature. Our results suggest that strong fourth phonon-phonon interactions are crucial to a high thermoelectric performance in these materials, and two-dimensional bismuth is probably a promising thermoelectric material due to its enhanced band convergence induced by the topological transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Xia
- School of Information Science and Technology and Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MOE) and Department of Optical Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ao Wu
- School of Information Science and Technology and Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MOE) and Department of Optical Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ben Li
- School of Information Science and Technology and Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MOE) and Department of Optical Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- School of Information Science and Technology and Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MOE) and Department of Optical Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- School of Information Science and Technology and Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MOE) and Department of Optical Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lei Peng
- School of Information Science and Technology and Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MOE) and Department of Optical Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hezhu Shao
- College of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yan Cen
- Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zengxu Wang
- College of Science, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210003, China
| | - Shangdong Liu
- Jiangsu HPC and Intelligent Processing Engineer Research Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yimu Ji
- Jiangsu HPC and Intelligent Processing Engineer Research Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Zhan Sui
- Shanghai Institute of Laser and Plasma, China Academy of Engineering Physics, 197 Chengzhong Road, Jiading, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Heyuan Zhu
- School of Information Science and Technology and Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MOE) and Department of Optical Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Information Science and Technology and Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MOE) and Department of Optical Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University, Chengbei Road, Yiwu City, Zhejiang 322000, China
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Wen J, Peng J, Zhang B, Wang ZY. Theoretical determination of superior high-temperature thermoelectricity in an n-type doped 2H-ZrI 2 monolayer. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:4397-4407. [PMID: 36748336 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr06054j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional materials with a competitive figure of merit zT are extremely desirable for the fabrication of thermoelectric modules. In the present work, we systematically evaluated the thermoelectricity of monolayer 2H-ZrI2 through first-principles calculations and semiclassical Boltzmann transport theory. Apart from its all-round structural stability and feasibility of experimental preparation, the semiconducting material with a moderate indirect bandgap of 1.07 eV at the HSE06 level exhibits an acceptable lattice thermal conductivity κL of 6.69 W m-1 K-1 at 900 K contributed dominantly by acoustic modes. The four-phonon scattering is found to exert a minor effect on the κL of the monolayer. Moreover, a quite large power factor of up to 147.89 mW m-1 K-2 can be achieved due to the conduction band valley degeneracy near the Fermi level. These transport coefficients eventually give rise to a significant optimal n-type zT value as high as 3.57 at 900 K at a certain experimentally achievable electron doping concentration. Our study demonstrates the potential application of monolayer 2H-ZrI2 in high-temperature thermoelectric devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wen
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Structure Optoelectronics, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jie Peng
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Structure Optoelectronics, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Bokai Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Structure Optoelectronics, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Structure Optoelectronics, Chongqing 400715, China
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Mei H, Xia Y, Zhang Y, Wu Y, Chen Y, Ma C, Kong M, Peng L, Zhu H, Zhang H. Finite-momentum excitons and the role of electron-phonon couplings in the electronic and phonon transport properties of boron arsenide. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:9384-9393. [PMID: 35383793 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05979c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The emerging semiconductor boron arsenide (BAs) with high thermal conductivity has attracted much attention recently, due to its promising application to overcome the bottleneck of high-density heat generated in power electronics and optoelectronic devices. In this work, based on first-principles calculations, we find that cubic BAs possesses high intrinsic electron/hole mobilities and the ionized impurity scattering plays a more important role in carrier scattering, compared with other scattering processes. The mobilities can be significantly enhanced by 14.9% and 76.2% for electrons and holes, respectively, by strain engineering. The investigation of the optoelectronic properties of indirect semiconductor cubic BAs by considering the many-body excitonic effects reveals that the contribution from finite-momentum excitons to optical properties is larger for photon energy ranging from 2.25 eV to 3.50 eV, compared with that from zero-momentum excitons. Finally, we observe that the phonon-electron couplings to total lattice thermal conductivities are non-trivial at low temperatures. These findings provide new insight into the transport and optoelectronic properties of cubic BAs, which are beneficial for the acceleration of the application of this revolutionary thermal management material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haodong Mei
- Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MOE) and Department of Optical Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yujie Xia
- Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MOE) and Department of Optical Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MOE) and Department of Optical Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yu Wu
- Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MOE) and Department of Optical Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Light Sources and Illuminating Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Congcong Ma
- Department of Light Sources and Illuminating Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Mingran Kong
- Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MOE) and Department of Optical Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lei Peng
- Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MOE) and Department of Optical Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Heyuan Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MOE) and Department of Optical Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MOE) and Department of Optical Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.,Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University, Chengbei Road, Yiwu City, Zhejiang 322000, China.
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Wu Y, He J, Chen Y, Kong M, Zhang Y, Hu X, Lian J, Zhang H, Zhang R. Excellent response to near ultraviolet light and large intervalley scatterings of electrons in 2D SnS 2. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:5462-5471. [PMID: 35322849 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr00416j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Tin disulfide (SnS2) has attracted much attention as a novel two dimensional material due to its potential applications in electronics and optoelectronics. In this work, we investigated the optical properties of ultra-thin SnS2 film samples (∼8 nm) via spectroscopic ellipsometry, and found that SnS2 maintains a relatively high imaginary part of the dielectric constant (ε2) in the range of 256-377 nm indicating high optical response. The carrier transport properties of SnS2 were investigated considering full mode-resolved electron-phonon couplings, which reveal that the intervalley scatterings between degenerate valley (peaks) states via the fifth optical branch phonons play a dominant role in electron scattering, while ZA phonons dominate the hole scattering. The calculated electron mobility is ∼50 cm2 V-1 s-1 which is close to previously reported experimental results. By considering full el-ph interactions based on the rigid-band approximation, the maximum value of the thermoelectric figure of merit zT reaches 0.43 at 700 K. Our work not only reveals the promising applications of SnS2 in the fields of electronics and optoelectronics, but also showcases the computational framework for precise calculations of thermoelectric performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE) and Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Junbo He
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE) and Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Light Sources and Illuminating Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Mingran Kong
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE) and Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Yiming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE) and Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Xiaobing Hu
- Stare Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jianwei Lian
- Stare Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE) and Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
- Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University, Chengbei Road, Yiwu City, Zhejiang 322000, China
- Nanjing University, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Rongjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE) and Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
- Academy for Engineering & Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
- Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University, Chengbei Road, Yiwu City, Zhejiang 322000, China
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Shi W, Ge N, Wang X, Wang Z. Thermoelectric performance of ZrNX (X = Cl, Br and I) monolayers. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 24:560-567. [PMID: 34904983 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01928g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A low thermal conductivity and a high power factor are essential for efficient thermoelectric materials. The lattice thermal conductivity can be reduced by reducing the dimensions of the materials, thus improving the thermoelectric performance. In this work, the electronic, carrier and phonon transport and the thermoelectric properties of ZrNX (X = Cl, Br, and I) monolayers were investigated using density functional theory and Boltzmann transport theory. The electronic and phonon transport show anisotropic properties. The thermal conductivities are 20.8, 14.6 and 12.4 W m-1 K-1 at room temperature along the y-direction for the ZrNCl, ZrNBr, and ZrNI monolayers, respectively. Combining the low lattice thermal conductivity and the high power factor results in an excellent thermoelectric performance of the ZrNX monolayers. The thermoelectric figure of merit of ZrNX monolayers can reach magnitudes of ∼0.49-3.15 by optimal hole and electron concentrations between 300 and 700 K. ZrNX monolayers with high ZT values for n- and p-type materials would thus be novel, promising candidate 2D thermoelectric materials for heat-electricity conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwu Shi
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, P. R. China. .,Department of Electronic Communication and Technology, Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology, Shenzhen, 518172, China.
| | - Nina Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621000, P. R. China
| | - Xinzhong Wang
- Department of Electronic Communication and Technology, Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology, Shenzhen, 518172, China.
| | - Zhiguo Wang
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, P. R. China. .,Department of Electronic Communication and Technology, Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology, Shenzhen, 518172, China.
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