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Fernández E. α-Boryl Carbanions: The Influence of Geminal Heteroatoms in C-C Bond Formation. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202300349. [PMID: 38308376 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
The wide applications of alpha-boryl carbanions in selective coupling with organohalides, imines/carbonyls and conjugated unsaturated substrates has become an interesting tool for organic synthesis. Strategically, the inclusion of heteroatoms, such as Si, S, N, F, Cl, Br and I in the alpha position opens a new venue towards multifunctionalities in molecular design. Here, a conceptual and practical view on powerful carbanions, containing α-silicoboron, α-thioboron, α-haloboron and α-aminoboron is given, as well as a prespective on their efficient application for selective electrophilic trapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Fernández
- Dept. Química Física i Inorgànica, University Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
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2
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Moniwa H, Yamanaka M, Shintani R. Copper-Catalyzed Regio- and Stereoselective Formal Hydro(borylmethylsilyl)ation of Internal Alkynes via Alkenyl-to-Alkyl 1,4-Copper Migration. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:23470-23477. [PMID: 37852271 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c06187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic reactions involving 1,n-metal migration from carbon to carbon enable a nonclassical way of constructing organic molecular skeletons, rapidly providing complex molecules from relatively simple precursors. By utilization of this attractive feature, a new and efficient synthesis of alkenylsilylmethylboronates has been developed by formal hydro(borylmethylsilyl)ation of unsymmetric internal alkynes with silylboronates under copper catalysis. The reaction proceeds regioselectively and involves an unprecedented alkenyl-to-alkyl 1,4-copper migration. The reaction mechanism has been investigated by a series of kinetic, NMR, and deuterium-labeling experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Moniwa
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka560-8531, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamanaka
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Smart Molecules, Faculty of Science, Rikkyo University, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Ryo Shintani
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka560-8531, Japan
- Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
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3
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Kong Z, Hu W, Morken JP. 1,2-Diborylsilanes: Catalytic Enantioselective Synthesis and Site-Selective Cross-Coupling. ACS Catal 2023; 13:11522-11527. [PMID: 38469392 PMCID: PMC10927258 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c01789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
A Pt-catalyzed enantioselective hydrosilylation of (Z)-1,2-diborylethylene provides a 1,2-diboryl-1-silylalkane that can be used in catalytic cross-coupling reactions. Depending on the catalyst employed and the cross-coupling reaction conditions, the coupling can occur at either α or β relative to the silane center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyin Kong
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Weipeng Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - James P Morken
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
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4
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Kong D, Zhang M, Zhang Y, Yu Z, Cao H, Wu J. Photocatalyzed regioselective hydrosilylation for the divergent synthesis of geminal and vicinal borosilanes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2525. [PMID: 37130840 PMCID: PMC10154379 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38224-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Geminal and vicinal borosilanes are useful building blocks in synthetic chemistry and material science. Hydrosilylation/hydroborylation of unsaturated systems offer expedient access to these motifs. In contrast to the well-established transition-metal-catalyzed methods, radical approaches are rarely explored. Herein we report the synthesis of geminal borosilanes from α-selective hydrosilylation of alkenyl boronates via photoinduced hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) catalysis. Mechanistic studies implicate that the α-selectivity originates from a kinetically favored radical addition and an energetically favored HAT process. We further demonstrate selective synthesis of vicinal borosilanes through hydrosilylation of allyl boronates via 1,2-boron radical migration. These strategies exhibit broad scopes across primary, secondary, and tertiary silanes and various boron compounds. The synthetic utility is evidenced by access to multi-borosilanes in a diverse fashion and scaling up by continuous-flow synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Degong Kong
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Republic of Singapore
- School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Muliang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Republic of Singapore
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Yuchao Zhang
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Zhenyang Yu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Republic of Singapore
| | - Hui Cao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Republic of Singapore.
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Republic of Singapore.
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5
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Huang MY, Zhao YT, Zhang CD, Zhu SF. Highly Regio-, Stereo-, and Enantioselective Copper-Catalyzed B-H Bond Insertion of α-Silylcarbenes: Efficient Access to Chiral Allylic gem-Silylboranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202203343. [PMID: 35437891 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202203343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the development of a method for highly regio-, stereo-, and enantioselective B-H bond insertion reactions of α-silylcarbenes generated from 1-silylcyclopropenes in the presence of a chiral copper(I)/bisoxazoline catalyst for the construction of chiral γ,γ-disubstituted allylic gem-silylboranes, which cannot be prepared by any other known methods. This reaction is the first highly enantioselective carbene insertion reaction of α-silylcarbenes ever to be reported. The method shows general applicability for various 3,3-disubstituted silylcyclopropenes and exclusively affords E-products. The novel chiral γ,γ-disubstituted allylic gem-silylborane products are versatile allylic bimetallic reagents with high stability and have great synthetic potential, especially for the construction of complex molecules with continuous chiral centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yao Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yu-Tao Zhao
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Cheng-Da Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Shou-Fei Zhu
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.,Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, China
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6
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Huang M, Zhao Y, Zhang C, Zhu S. Highly Regio‐, Stereo‐, and Enantioselective Copper‐Catalyzed B−H Bond Insertion of α‐Silylcarbenes: Efficient Access to Chiral Allylic
gem
‐Silylboranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202203343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming‐Yao Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Yu‐Tao Zhao
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Cheng‐Da Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Shou‐Fei Zhu
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations Tianjin 300192 China
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7
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Zhang M, Ji Y, Zhang Z, Zhang C. Copper-Catalyzed Highly Selective Hydrosilylation of Silyl or Boryl Alkene: A Method for Preparing Chiral Geminated Disilyl and Borylsilyl Reagents. Org Lett 2022; 24:2756-2761. [PMID: 35389209 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The copper-catalyzed highly selective hydrosilylation of silyl or boryl alkene has been developed. This chemistry could afford a practical method for preparing chiral geminated disilyl and borylsilyl reagents, which are useful organosilanes and versatile synthons for organic synthesis. The experimental data suggested that this reaction could be compatible with a variety of functional groups. Furthermore, the utility of the gem-dimetal compounds, which could be prepared by this chemistry, has been well illustrated by further transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yuqi Ji
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Tianjin 300072, China.,Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China
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8
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Bose SK, Mao L, Kuehn L, Radius U, Nekvinda J, Santos WL, Westcott SA, Steel PG, Marder TB. First-Row d-Block Element-Catalyzed Carbon-Boron Bond Formation and Related Processes. Chem Rev 2021; 121:13238-13341. [PMID: 34618418 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Organoboron reagents represent a unique class of compounds because of their utility in modern synthetic organic chemistry, often affording unprecedented reactivity. The transformation of the carbon-boron bond into a carbon-X (X = C, N, and O) bond in a stereocontrolled fashion has become invaluable in medicinal chemistry, agrochemistry, and natural products chemistry as well as materials science. Over the past decade, first-row d-block transition metals have become increasingly widely used as catalysts for the formation of a carbon-boron bond, a transformation traditionally catalyzed by expensive precious metals. This recent focus on alternative transition metals has enabled growth in fundamental methods in organoboron chemistry. This review surveys the current state-of-the-art in the use of first-row d-block element-based catalysts for the formation of carbon-boron bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhankar Kumar Bose
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences (CNMS), Jain University, Jain Global Campus, Bangalore-562112, India
| | - Lujia Mao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, 571199 Haikou, Hainan, P. R. China
| | - Laura Kuehn
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Udo Radius
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jan Nekvinda
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Webster L Santos
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Stephen A Westcott
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada
| | - Patrick G Steel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Durham, Science Laboratories South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
| | - Todd B Marder
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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9
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Chen WW, Fernández NP, Baranda MD, Cunillera A, Rodríguez LG, Shafir A, Cuenca AB. Exploring benzylic gem-C(sp 3)-boron-silicon and boron-tin centers as a synthetic platform. Chem Sci 2021; 12:10514-10521. [PMID: 34447544 PMCID: PMC8356736 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01741a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A stepwise build-up of multi-substituted Csp3 carbon centers is an attractive, conceptually simple, but often synthetically challenging type of disconnection. To this end, this report describes how gem-α,α-dimetalloid-substituted benzylic reagents bearing boron/silicon or boron/tin substituent sets are an excellent stepping stone towards diverse substitution patterns. These gem-dimetalloids were readily accessed, either by known carbenoid insertion into C-B bonds or by the newly developed scalable deprotonation/metallation approach. Highly chemoselective transformations of either the C-Si (or C-Sn) or the C-B bonds in the newly formed gem-Csp3 centers have been achieved through a set of approaches, with a particular focus on exploiting the synthetically versatile polarity reversal in organometalloids by λ3-aryliodanes. Of particular note is the metal-free arylation of the C-Si (or C-Sn) bonds in such gem-dimetalloids via the iodane-guided C-H coupling approach. DFT calculations show that this transfer of the (α-Bpin)benzyl group proceeds via unusual [5,5]-sigmatropic rearrangement and is driven by the high-energy iodine(iii) center. As a complementary tool, the gem-dimetalloid C-B bond is shown to undergo a potent and chemoselective Suzuki-Miyaura arylation with diverse Ar-Cl, thanks to the development of the reactive gem-α,α-silyl/BF3K building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei W Chen
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institut Químic de Sarrià, URL Vía Augusta 390 Barcelona 08017 Spain
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, IQAC-CSIC c/ Jordi Girona 20 Barcelona 08034 Spain
| | - Nahiane Pipaon Fernández
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institut Químic de Sarrià, URL Vía Augusta 390 Barcelona 08017 Spain
| | - Marta Díaz Baranda
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institut Químic de Sarrià, URL Vía Augusta 390 Barcelona 08017 Spain
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, IQAC-CSIC c/ Jordi Girona 20 Barcelona 08034 Spain
| | - Anton Cunillera
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, IQAC-CSIC c/ Jordi Girona 20 Barcelona 08034 Spain
| | - Laura G Rodríguez
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institut Químic de Sarrià, URL Vía Augusta 390 Barcelona 08017 Spain
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, IQAC-CSIC c/ Jordi Girona 20 Barcelona 08034 Spain
| | - Alexandr Shafir
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, IQAC-CSIC c/ Jordi Girona 20 Barcelona 08034 Spain
| | - Ana B Cuenca
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institut Químic de Sarrià, URL Vía Augusta 390 Barcelona 08017 Spain
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