1
|
Kutluay S, Şahin Ö, Baytar O. Enhanced benzene vapor adsorption through microwave-assisted fabrication of activated carbon from peanut shells using ZnCl 2 as an activating agent. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:27935-27948. [PMID: 38523212 PMCID: PMC11058968 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32973-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Herein, microwave-assisted activated carbon (MW-AC) was fabricated from peanut shells using a ZnCl2 activator and utilized for the first time to eliminate benzene vapor as a volatile organic compound (VOC). During the MW-AC production process, which involved two steps-microwave treatment and muffle furnace heating-we investigated the effects of various factors and achieved the highest iodine number of 1250 mg/g. This was achieved under optimal operating conditions, which included a 100% impregnation ratio, CO2 as the gas in the microwave environment, a microwave power set at 500 W, a microwave duration of 10 min, an activation temperature of 500 °C and an activation time of 45 min. The structural and morphological properties of the optimized MW-AC were assessed through SEM, FTIR, and BET analysis. The dynamic adsorption process of benzene on the optimized MW-AC adsorbent, which has a significant BET surface area of 1204.90 m2/g, was designed using the Box-Behnken approach within the response surface methodology. Under optimal experimental conditions, including a contact duration of 80 min, an inlet concentration of 18 ppm, and a temperature of 26 °C, the maximum adsorption capacity reached was 568.34 mg/g. The experimental data are better described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, while it is concluded that the equilibrium data are better described by the Langmuir isotherm model. MW-AC exhibited a reuse efficiency of 86.54% for benzene vapor after five consecutive recycling processes. The motivation of the study highlights the high adsorption capacity and superior reuse efficiency of MW-AC adsorbent with high BET surface area against benzene pollutant. According to our results, the developed MW-AC presents itself as a promising adsorbent candidate for the treatment of VOCs in various industrial applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sinan Kutluay
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ömer Şahin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Orhan Baytar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Siirt University, 56100, Siirt, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kara G, Temel F, Özaytekin İ. Methylene blue removal using modified poly(glycidyl methacrylate) as a low-cost sorbent in batch mode: kinetic and equilibrium studies. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:141. [PMID: 38212476 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-12275-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Industrial textile wastewater contains large amounts of cationic dye material. Therefore, a new adsorbent was synthesized as modified poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (mPGMA) with a fluorine group-containing compound 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP). mPGMA was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR). The proposed adsorbent has been used to remove methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions by the adsorption process. In further experiments, the removal efficiency of adsorbent in both powder (˂600 μm) and granular form was compared from aqueous solutions by adsorption process. Furthermore, the effects of changing parameters such as adsorbent dosage, contact time, pH, temperature, and initial dye concentration on methylene blue adsorption were investigated. Also, Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherms have been used to describe the equilibrium characteristics of adsorption. Finally, the experimental data fitted well by Langmuir isotherm with a maximum adsorption capacity of 17.5 mg g-1. The experimental data were applied to pseudo-first- and second-order models. The experimental results were better fitted for the pseudo-second-order model than the other model. Consequently, the experimental results showed that mPGMA is a suitable low-cost adsorbent with great potential benefit in removing methylene blue from aqueous solutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gülnihal Kara
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Konya Technical University, 42130, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Farabi Temel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konya Technical University, 42130, Konya, Turkey
| | - İlkay Özaytekin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konya Technical University, 42130, Konya, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shafiei-Navid S, Hosseinzadeh R, Ghani M. Solid-phase extraction of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in urine and water samples using acidic calix[4]arene intercalated in LDH followed by quantification via HPLC-UV. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
|
4
|
Nosheen U, Jalil A, Ilyas SZ, Illahi A, Khan SA, Hassan A. First-Principles Insight into a B 4C 3 Monolayer as a Promising Biosensor for Exhaled Breath Analysis. JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS 2022; 51:6568-6578. [PMID: 36160759 PMCID: PMC9484337 DOI: 10.1007/s11664-022-09898-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterial-based room temperature gas sensors are used as a screening tool for diagnosing various diseases through breath analysis. The stable planar structure of boron carbide (B4C3) is utilized as a base material for adsorption of human breath exhaled VOCs, namely formaldehyde, methanol, acetone, toluene along, with interfering gases of carbon dioxide and water. The adsorption energy, charge density, density of states, energy band gap variation, recovery time, sensitivity, and work function of adsorbed molecules on pristine B4C3 are analyzed by density functional theory. The computed adsorption energies of VOC are in the range of - 0.176 to - 0.238 eV, and a larger interaction distance validate the physisorption behavior of these VOCs biomarkers on pristine boron carbide monolayer. Minute changes are determined from the electronic band structure of all adsorbed systems conserving the semiconducting nature of the B4C3 monolayer. The band gap variation upon adsorption of VOCs and interfering gases is examined between 0.05 and 0.52%. The 13.63 × 10-9 s recovery time of methanol is slower among VOCs, and 0.556 × 10-9 s of carbon dioxide (CO2) is faster for desorption. The results reveal that boron carbide can be utilized as a biosensor at room temperature for the analysis of exhaled VOCs from human breath.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uzma Nosheen
- Department of Physics, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Jalil
- Department of Physics, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Syed Zafar Ilyas
- Department of Physics, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ahsan Illahi
- Research in Modeling and Simulation Group (RIMS), Department of Physics, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sayed Ali Khan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Jersey, NJ 08854 USA
| | - Ather Hassan
- Department of Physics, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kovalenko KA, Potapov AS, Fedin VP. Micro- and mesoporous metal-organic coordination polymers for separation of hydrocarbons. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr5026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
6
|
Guo R, Jiang S, Hu M, Zhan Y, Cheng K, Duan G. Adsorption of volatile benzene series compounds by surface-modified glass fibers: kinetics, thermodynamic adsorption efficiencies, and mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:30898-30907. [PMID: 33594553 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12227-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The presence of volatile benzene series compounds (VBSCs) in the environment is continually increasing, with the potential for negative effects on human health. It is therefore important to develop new materials for the adsorption of these compounds using various modification techniques. Glass fibers are a promising adsorbent for VBSCs and offer a number of advantages. In the present work, the surfaces of glass fibers were modified using hydrogen peroxide, a sodium hydroxide solution, or Piranha solution (a mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide). The adsorption characteristics of the resulting specimens were investigated, employing 10 volatile benzene-based compounds, and the activated glass fibers showed significantly improved adsorption efficiencies. The fibers activated with the Piranha solution were further modified with a triethoxysilyl benzene compound to obtain an aryl-modified material that demonstrated enhanced adsorption of aniline, salicylaldehyde, benzyl alcohol, and xylene relative to that obtained from a combination of polyurethane foam and XAD-2 resin. The adsorption efficiency of benzyl alcohol by these aryl glass fibers was found to be as high as 93% and the adsorption mechanism is believed to be associated with hydrogen bonding and π-π conjugation. This study provides a reliable technique for the quantification of VBSCs and a basis for the evaluation of various adsorption materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Sijing Jiang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Ming Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Yuhang Zhan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Kun Cheng
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Gaigai Duan
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Genli N, Kutluay S, Baytar O, Şahin Ö. Preparation and characterization of activated carbon from hydrochar by hydrothermal carbonization of chickpea stem: an application in methylene blue removal by RSM optimization. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2021; 24:88-100. [PMID: 34024213 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2021.1926911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Herein, mesoporous activated carbon (AC) was prepared through potassium hydroxide (KOH) activation of hydrochar derived from the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of chickpea stem (CS), and successfully applied to remove methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solutions in a batch system. The HTC-CSAC was prepared depending on different impregnation ratios (hydrochar:KOH, 50-150%), impregnation times (12-48 h), activation temperatures (400-600°C) and activation times (30-60 min). To define HTC-CSAC, various analytical techniques such as iodine adsorption number (IAN), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) were used. In the removal process of MB by the best HTC-CSAC with a high IAN of 887 mg g-1 obtained under conditions including impregnation ratio of 70%, activation time of 45 min, activation temperature of 600°C and impregnation time of 24 h, the effects of adsorption parameters such as pH factor (2-10), adsorbent dosage (50-100 mg), initial MB concentration (40-80 mg/L) and contact time (90-180 min) were studied. Besides, a detailed evaluation of the adsorption mechanism for the removal of MB by HTC-CSAC was performed. The Langmuir model indicated the best isotherm data correlation, with a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity (Qmax) of 96.15 mg g-1. The adsorption isotherm findings demonstrated that the MB removal process is feasible, and that this process takes place through the physical interaction mechanism. Additionally, the HTC-CSAC adsorbent exhibited a high regeneration and reuse performance in MB removal. After five consecutive adsorption-desorption cycles, HTC-CSAC maintained the reuse efficiency of 77.86%. As a result, the prepared HTC-CSAC with a high BET surface area of 455 m2 g-1 and an average pore diameter of 105 Å could be recommended as a promising and reusable adsorbent in the treatment of synthetic dyes in wastewaters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nasrettin Genli
- Vocational School of Diyarbakir, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Sinan Kutluay
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
| | - Orhan Baytar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
| | - Ömer Şahin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ece MŞ. Synthesis and characterization of activated carbon supported magnetic nanoparticles (Fe O4/AC@SiO @Sulfanilamide) and its application in removal of toluene and benzene. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
9
|
Şahin Ö, Kutluay S, Horoz S, Ece MŞ. Fabrication and characterization of 3,4-diaminobenzophenone-functionalized magnetic nanoadsorbent with enhanced VOC adsorption and desorption capacity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:5231-5253. [PMID: 32964387 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10885-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The present study, for the first time, utilized 3,4-diaminobenzophenone (DABP)-functionalized Fe3O4/AC@SiO2 (Fe3O4/AC@SiO2@DABP) magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) synthesized as a nanoadsorbent for enhancing adsorption and desorption capacity of gaseous benzene and toluene as volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The Fe3O4/AC@SiO2@DABP MNPs used in adsorption and desorption of benzene and toluene were synthesized by the co-precipitation and sol-gel methods. The synthesized MNPs were characterized by SEM, FTIR, TGA/DTA, and BET surface area analysis. Moreover, the optimization of the process parameters, namely contact time, initial VOC concentration, and temperature, was performed by applying response surface methodology (RSM). Adsorption results demonstrated that the Fe3O4/AC@SiO2@DABP MNPs had excellent adsorption capacity. The maximum adsorption capacities for benzene and toluene were found as 530.99 and 666.00 mg/g, respectively, under optimum process parameters (contact time 55.47 min, initial benzene concentration 17.57 ppm, and temperature 29.09 °C; and contact time 57.54 min, initial toluene concentration 17.83 ppm, and temperature 27.93 °C for benzene and toluene, respectively). In addition to the distinctive adsorptive behavior, the Fe3O4/AC@SiO2@DABP MNPs exhibited a high reproducibility adsorption and desorption capacity. After the fifth adsorption and desorption cycles, the Fe3O4/AC@SiO2@DABP MNPs retained 94.4% and 95.4% of its initial adsorption capacity for benzene and toluene, respectively. Kinetic and isotherm findings suggested that the adsorption mechanisms of benzene and toluene on the Fe3O4/AC@SiO2@DABP MNPs were physical processes. The results indicated that the successfully synthesized Fe3O4/AC@SiO2@DABP MNPs can be applied as an attractive, highly effective, reusable, and cost-effective adsorbent for the adsorption of VOC pollutants.Graphical abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ömer Şahin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Siirt University, 56100, Siirt, Turkey
| | - Sinan Kutluay
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Siirt University, 56100, Siirt, Turkey
| | - Sabit Horoz
- Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Siirt University, 56100, Siirt, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Şakir Ece
- Vocational High School of Health Services, Mardin Artuklu University, 47100, Mardin, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lunardi V, Gunawan F, Soetaredjo FE, Santoso SP, Chen CH, Yuliana M, Kurniawan A, Lie J, Angkawijaya AE, Ismadji S. Efficient One-Step Conversion of a Low-Grade Vegetable Oil to Biodiesel over a Zinc Carboxylate Metal-Organic Framework. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:1834-1845. [PMID: 33521424 PMCID: PMC7841777 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c03826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a metal-organic framework, namely, Zn3(BTC)2 (BTC = 1,3,5-benzenetricaboxylic acid), was solvothermally synthesized and employed as a catalyst for biodiesel production from degummed vegetable oil via a one-step transesterification and esterification reaction. The resulting Zn3(BTC)2 particles exhibit a well-defined triclinic structure with an average size of about 1.2 μm, high specific surface area of 1176 m2/g, and thermal stability up to 300 °C. The response surface methodology-Box-Behnken design (RSM-BBD) was employed to identify the optimal reaction conditions and to model the biodiesel yield in relation to three important parameters, namely, the methanol/oil molar ratio (4:1-8:1), temperature (45-65 °C), and time (1.5-4.5 h). Under the optimized reaction conditions (i.e., 6:1 methanol/oil molar ratio, 65 °C, 4.5 h), the maximum biodiesel yield reached 89.89% in a 1 wt % catalyst, which agreed very well with the quadratic polynomial model's prediction (89.96%). The intrinsic catalytic activity of Zn3(BTC)2, expressed as the turnover frequency, was found to be superior to that of other MOF catalysts applied in the transesterification and esterification reactions. The reusability study showed that the as-synthesized Zn3(BTC)2 catalyst exhibited good stability upon three consecutive reuses without a noticeable decrease in the methyl ester yield (∼4%) and any appreciable metal leaching (<5%). Furthermore, a preliminary technoeconomic analysis showed that the total direct operating cost for the kilogram-scale production of Zn3(BTC)2 is estimated to be US$50, which may sound economically attractive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentino
Bervia Lunardi
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Widya Mandala Surabaya
Catholic University, Kalijudan 37, Surabaya 60114, Indonesia
| | - Fransiska Gunawan
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Widya Mandala Surabaya
Catholic University, Kalijudan 37, Surabaya 60114, Indonesia
| | - Felycia Edi Soetaredjo
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Widya Mandala Surabaya
Catholic University, Kalijudan 37, Surabaya 60114, Indonesia
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan
University of Science and Technology, No. 43, Sec. 4, Keelung Road., Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Shella Permatasari Santoso
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Widya Mandala Surabaya
Catholic University, Kalijudan 37, Surabaya 60114, Indonesia
| | - Chun-Hu Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 70, Lianhai Road, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Maria Yuliana
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Widya Mandala Surabaya
Catholic University, Kalijudan 37, Surabaya 60114, Indonesia
| | - Alfin Kurniawan
- Department
of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 70, Lianhai Road, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Jenni Lie
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan
University of Science and Technology, No. 43, Sec. 4, Keelung Road., Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Artik Elisa Angkawijaya
- Graduate
Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, No. 43, Sec. 4, Keelung Road, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Suryadi Ismadji
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Widya Mandala Surabaya
Catholic University, Kalijudan 37, Surabaya 60114, Indonesia
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan
University of Science and Technology, No. 43, Sec. 4, Keelung Road., Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Huang Y, Jia Y, Shen K, Hou R, Zhang Y, Hou L. Degradation of gaseous unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine by vacuum ultraviolet coupled with MnO 2. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj05167e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Enhanced degradation of gaseous UDMH under VUV irradiation by catalytic ozonation with MnO2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ying Jia
- Xi’an High Technology Institute
- Xi'an 710025
- China
| | - Keke Shen
- Xi’an High Technology Institute
- Xi'an 710025
- China
| | - Ruomeng Hou
- Xi’an High Technology Institute
- Xi'an 710025
- China
| | | | - Li’an Hou
- Xi’an High Technology Institute
- Xi'an 710025
- China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Batur E, Baytar O, Kutluay S, Horoz S, Şahin Ö. A comprehensive new study on the removal of Pb (II) from aqueous solution by şırnak coal-derived char. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 42:505-520. [PMID: 32804581 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2020.1811397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, char was prepared from the Şırnak coal derivative as a new adsorbent by the pyrolysis process and successfully applied for Pb (II) removal. Prepared char adsorbent was characterized by analysis techniques such as thermogravimetric (TG)/differential thermogravimetric (DTG), iodine number, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area. In the experimental design of the Pb (II) removal process, the relationship between operating factors (contact time, initial Pb (II) concentration and temperature) and process responses (adsorption capacity and removal efficiency) was modelled by applying response surface methodology (RSM). After that, the operating factors for the maximum adsorption capacity and removal efficiency of Pb (II) by char were optimized. In the removal of Pb (II), pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic models were used to determine the process mechanism. In addition, adsorption isotherm models such as Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich were applied to the equilibrium data to explain the adsorption mechanism between the adsorbent and adsorbate molecules. According to the results obtained, it was determined that kinetic and equilibrium isotherm data were better defined with pseudo-second order kinetic and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm models, respectively. The optimum values of the contact time, initial Pb (II) concentration, and temperature for maximum adsorption capacity (124.64 mg/g) and removal efficiency (92.35%) of Pb (II) were found as 150.00 min, 144.81 ppm, and 35.06°C, respectively. This study indicated the application potential of Şırnak coal-derived char as a promising cost-effective adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Batur
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
| | - Orhan Baytar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
| | - Sinan Kutluay
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
| | - Sabit Horoz
- Department of Electrical &Electronics Engineering, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
| | - Ömer Şahin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ece MŞ, Kutluay S, Şahin Ö, Horoz S. Development of Novel Fe3O4/AC@SiO2@1,4-DAAQ Magnetic Nanoparticles with Outstanding VOC Removal Capacity: Characterization, Optimization, Reusability, Kinetics, and Equilibrium Studies. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c03883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Şakir Ece
- Vocational High School of Health Services, Mardin Artuklu University, 47100 Mardin, Turkey
| | - Sinan Kutluay
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Siirt University, 56100 Siirt, Turkey
| | - Ömer Şahin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Siirt University, 56100 Siirt, Turkey
| | - Sabit Horoz
- Department of Electrical &Electronics Engineering, Siirt University, 56100 Siirt, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|