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Yadav G, Jha PK, Jha PA, Singh PK, Choudhary SR, Singh P. Morphological control for high proton conduction in robust Co 3O 4-diethylmethylamine (metal-organic framework) membrane. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:32503-32514. [PMID: 37997153 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02970k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic framework (MOF) based proton conductors are synthesized by the Avrami model (time-temperature modalities). Our objective here is to obtain a material with high proton conductivity in anhydrous conditions, improved catalytic behaviour and morphology control of conductivity, band gap and catalysis. For this purpose, we try to understand the role of morphology on mass transportation using computational fluid dynamics and the experimental realisation using the synthesis of MOF membranes with high protonic conductivity. In order to alter the morphology, the membranes are synthesized from protic ionic liquid (dimethyl ethyl amine H2PO4) and metal ion (Co3O4) at different temperatures and duration. A high protonic conductivity of 0.0286 S cm-1 with a high transference number >0.99 is observed in anhydrous conditions with the change in morphology. Furthermore, catalyst properties along with high activity (Tafel slope = 39 mV decade-1) with the alteration in morphology are also investigated in detail and observed adsorption governed conduction. This adsorption governed conduction is verified using computational fluid dynamics simulations with the alteration in morphology. This study suggests that morphology not only plays a pivotal role in obtaining a robust proton exchange membrane, it also improves the catalytic functionality and stability of the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gargi Yadav
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University) Varanasi, Varanasi-221005, India.
| | - Pardeep K Jha
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University) Varanasi, Varanasi-221005, India.
| | - Priyanka A Jha
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University) Varanasi, Varanasi-221005, India.
| | - Parvin K Singh
- Naval Materials Research Laboratory, MIDC, Shil-Badlapur Road, Addl. Ambernath, Thane, Maharashtra-421501, India
| | - Suman Roy Choudhary
- Naval Materials Research Laboratory, MIDC, Shil-Badlapur Road, Addl. Ambernath, Thane, Maharashtra-421501, India
| | - Prabhakar Singh
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University) Varanasi, Varanasi-221005, India.
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Liu J, Ding L, Zou H, Huan Z, Liu H, Lu J, Wang S, Li Y. A simple MOF constructed using Pb(II) with strong polarizing force: a filler of Nafion membrane to increase proton conductivity. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:16650-16660. [PMID: 37905736 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02911e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are promising competitive candidates as fillers for Nafion proton exchange membrane (PEM). Increasing efforts have been made to explore methods for synthesizing MOF fillers and the mechanism by which MOF doping improves the proton conductivity (σH+) values of composite membranes. In this study, a Pb(II) cation with strong polarizing force was selected for the hydrothermal reaction with a simple sulfoterephthalate ligand (H3L). Pb-MOF [Pb2L(OH)]n was obtained, which was constructed using Pb-O layers and deprotonated sulfoterephthalate L3- and exhibited good thermal and water stability. Different amounts of Pb-MOF particles were doped into Nafion to fabricate Pb-MOF/Nafion-x composite membranes, which were characterized using SEM, PXRD, IR spectroscopy, TGA, and other methods. It was found that doping Pb-MOF can apparently improve the water absorbability and thermal stability of the composite membrane. The σH+ of the Pb-MOF/Nafion-7 composite membrane was the highest and 2.14 times that of the pure Nafion membrane at 353 K. The higher proton conduction properties may be explained by the strong polarization force, and Pb(II) cations on the surface of Pb-MOF can decrease the bond energy of the O-H bond of absorbed water molecules and increase the acidity of the composite membrane. The phenomena in this study and our previous study confirm that acidity is the most important factor in favor of proton conductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252059, PR China.
| | - Li Ding
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252059, PR China.
| | - Huiqi Zou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252059, PR China.
| | - Zhipeng Huan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252059, PR China.
| | - Houting Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252059, PR China.
| | - Jing Lu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252059, PR China.
| | - Suna Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252059, PR China.
| | - Yunwu Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252059, PR China.
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Ding L, Zou H, Lu J, Liu H, Wang S, Yan H, Li Y. Enhancing Proton Conductivity of Nafion Membrane by Incorporating Porous Tb-Metal-Organic Framework Modified with Nitro Groups. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:16185-16196. [PMID: 36173130 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A rigid carboxylate ligand with a nitro functional group was selected to coordinate with Tb(III) cation, and Tb-MOF ({[Tb4(L)4(OH)4(H2O)3]·8H2O}n, H2L = 2-nitroterephthalic acid) with large porous and excellent hydrophilicity was obtained successfully. The obtained Tb-MOF was filled into the Nafion matrix to improve its proton conduction performance. The Tb-MOF/Nafion composite membrane was characterized by PXRD, IR, and thermogravimetry (TG) and for water uptake, area swelling, and proton conductivity. The activity energy, Ea, value of the composite membrane, which is a very important factor affecting the proton conduction performance of the membrane, was fitted and calculated. It was revealed that Tb-MOF can improve the proton conductivities of composite membranes, and the improvement degree and Ea value were both affected by Tb-MOF content. When Tb-MOF content was 5%, the proton conductivity of the composite membrane was 1.53 × 10-2 S·cm-1 at 100% RH and 80 °C, which is 1.81 times that of the pure Nafion membrane. A MOF containing a nitro functional group was first doped into Nafion in this study and exhibited excellent performance for improving composite membrane proton conductivity. This study will provide a valuable reference for designing different functionalized MOFs to promote the proton conductivities of proton exchange membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ding
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, PR China
| | - Huiqi Zou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, PR China
| | - Jing Lu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, PR China
| | - Houting Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, PR China
| | - Suna Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, PR China
| | - Hui Yan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, PR China
| | - Yunwu Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, PR China
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Metal–Organic Frameworks for Ion Conduction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202206512. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202206512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Xue W, Sewell CD, Zou Q, Lin Z. Metal‐organic frameworks for ion conduction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202206512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wendan Xue
- Nankai University Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria CHINA
| | | | - Qixing Zou
- Nankai University Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria CHINA
| | - Zhiqun Lin
- Georgia Institute of Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering 771 Ferst Dr., NW3100K, Molecular Science & Engineering Bldg. 30332 Atlanta UNITED STATES
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Javed A, Steinke F, Wöhlbrandt S, Bunzen H, Stock N, Tiemann M. The role of sulfonate groups and hydrogen bonding in the proton conductivity of two coordination networks. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 13:437-443. [PMID: 35601537 PMCID: PMC9086504 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.13.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The proton conductivity of two coordination networks, [Mg(H2O)2(H3L)]·H2O and [Pb2(HL)]·H2O (H5L = (H2O3PCH2)2-NCH2-C6H4-SO3H), is investigated by AC impedance spectroscopy. Both materials contain the same phosphonato-sulfonate linker molecule, but have clearly different crystal structures, which has a strong effect on proton conductivity. In the Mg-based coordination network, dangling sulfonate groups are part of an extended hydrogen bonding network, facilitating a "proton hopping" with low activation energy; the material shows a moderate proton conductivity. In the Pb-based metal-organic framework, in contrast, no extended hydrogen bonding occurs, as the sulfonate groups coordinate to Pb2+, without forming hydrogen bonds; the proton conductivity is much lower in this material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Javed
- Department of Chemistry, Paderborn University, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Felix Steinke
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Christian-Albrecht University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stephan Wöhlbrandt
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Christian-Albrecht University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Hana Bunzen
- Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Norbert Stock
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Christian-Albrecht University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael Tiemann
- Department of Chemistry, Paderborn University, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
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Zhou CC, Liu HT, Ding L, Lu J, Wang SN, Li YW. Single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformations among three Mn-MOFs containing different water molecules induced by reaction time: crystal structures and proton conductivities. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:11077-11090. [PMID: 34328488 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt01163d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Three Mn-MOFs {[Mn3(μ4-L)2(H2O)7]·4H2O}n (1), {[Mn3(μ5-L)2(H2O)6]·4H2O}n (2) and {[Mn3(μ7-L)2(H2O)2]}n (3) (H3L = 5-(6-carboxypyridin-3-yl)isophthalic acid) were obtained under different reaction times and temperatures. Interestingly, induced by reaction time, compound 1 can lose one water molecule and SC-SC transform into compound 2. Similarly, compound 2 can also SC-SC transform into 3. Studies on two SC-SC transformation processes were carried out and the transformation mechanisms were deduced, which were verified by TG analyses. Different numbers of water molecules in the three compounds resulted in different coordination environments of the metal cation, coordination modes of the L3- ligand, continuities of hydrogen bonds, dimensions of framework and porosities. The AC impendence spectra studies revealed that compounds 1-3 can enhance the proton conductivities of the Nafion composite membrane to about 47.77%, 36.88% and 21.28%, respectively. It is speculated that the highest proton conductivity of compound 1 may be due to its continuous hydrogen bond chain and highest water uptake, which were mainly decided by the number of water molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Cong Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, PR China.
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Chu ZT, Li RY, Zhou CC, Liu HT, Lu J, Wang SN, Li YW. Two acidic coordination polymers containing uncoordinated carboxyl groups: Syntheses, crystal structures and proton conductivities in Nafion composite membranes. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2020.121932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Zhou CC, Liu HT, Ding L, Lu J, Wang SN, Li YW. Proton conductivities of four low dimensional MOFs: affected by the amount of chelated ligands. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce00589h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The smaller the proportion of the chelated ligand, the more water molecules in the compound, which increases the chance of forming continuous hydrogen bonds, enhances the water absorption ability, and improves the proton conductivity of the compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Cong Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Liaocheng University
- Liaocheng
- 252059 PR China
| | - Hou-Ting Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Liaocheng University
- Liaocheng
- 252059 PR China
| | - Li Ding
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Liaocheng University
- Liaocheng
- 252059 PR China
| | - Jing Lu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Liaocheng University
- Liaocheng
- 252059 PR China
| | - Su-Na Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Liaocheng University
- Liaocheng
- 252059 PR China
| | - Yun-Wu Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Liaocheng University
- Liaocheng
- 252059 PR China
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