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Ehsan U, Nawaz H, Irfan Majeed M, Rashid N, Ali Z, Zulfiqar A, Tariq A, Shahbaz M, Meraj L, Naheed I, Sadaf N. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of centrifuged blood serum samples of diabetic type II patients by using 50KDa filter devices. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 293:122457. [PMID: 36764165 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Blood serum contains essential biochemical information which are used for early disease diagnosis. Blood serum consisted of higher molecular weight fractions (HMWF) and lower molecular weight fractions (LMWF). The disease biomarkers are lower molecular weight fraction proteins, and their contribution to disease diagnosis is suppressed due to higher molecular weight fraction proteins. To diagnose diabetes in early stages are difficult because of the presence of huge amount of these HMWF. In the current study, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) are employed to diagnose diabetes after centrifugation of serum samples using Amicon ultra filter devices of 50 kDa which produced two fractions of whole blood serum of filtrate, low molecular weight fraction, and residue, high molecular weight fraction. Furthermore SERS is employed to study the LMW fractions of healthy and diseased samples. Some prominent SERS bands are observed at 725 cm-1, 842 cm-1, 1025 cm-1, 959 cm-1, and 1447 cm-1 due to small molecular weight proteins, and these biomarkers helped to diagnose the disease early stage. Moreover, chemometric techniques such as principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) are employed to check the potential of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for the differentiation and classifications of the blood serum samples. SERS can be employed for the early diagnosis and screening of biochemical changes during type II diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usama Ehsan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Haq Nawaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Irfan Majeed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Nosheen Rashid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Education, Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Zain Ali
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Anam Zulfiqar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Tariq
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahbaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Lubna Meraj
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Iqra Naheed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Nimra Sadaf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
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Saha S, Dutta B, Ghosh M, Chowdhury J. Adsorption of 4-Mercapto Pyridine with Gold Nanoparticles Embedded in the Langmuir-Blodgett Film Matrix of Stearic Acid: SERS, XPS Studies Aided by Born-Oppenheimer on the Fly Dynamics, Time-Resolved Wavelet Transform Theory, and DFT. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:27818-27830. [PMID: 35990435 PMCID: PMC9386704 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c07321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports the adsorptive behavior of the 4-mercaptopyridine (4MPy) molecule soaked in gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) that remain embedded in the bilayer Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) film matrix of stearic acid (SA) for various soaking times (STs). The as-fabricated substrate proved to be an efficient SERS sensing platform that can sense the analyte 4MPy molecules at trace concentrations of ∼1.0 × 10-9 M. The XPS study not only reveals the adsorption of 4Mpy molecules with AuNPs via a sulfur atom but also suggests partial degradation of the analyte molecule upon adsorption. This observation is further substantiated from the SERS spectral profile, which shows unusual broadening of the enhanced Raman bands of the molecule at higher STs. The experimental observations are supported by Born-Oppenheimer on-the-fly molecular dynamics (BO-OF-MD), time-resolved wavelet transform theory (WT), and the DFT calculations based on adcluster models. Selective enhancements of Raman bands in the SERS spectra further suggest the involvement of charge transfer (CT) interaction to the overall enhancements of Raman bands of the analyte molecule. The molecule → CT contribution has been estimated from electron density difference calculations and the corresponding CT distance; the amount of CT is also envisaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somsubhra Saha
- Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S.C. Mallick Rd, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Bipan Dutta
- Department of Physics, Sammilani Mahavidyalaya, Baghajatin Station, E. M. Bypass, Kolkata 700094, India
| | - Manash Ghosh
- Department of Spectroscopy, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Joydeep Chowdhury
- Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S.C. Mallick Rd, Kolkata 700032, India
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Das A, Chadha R, Mishra A, Maiti N. Conformational Selectivity of Merocyanine on Nanostructured Silver Films: Surface Enhanced Resonance Raman Scattering (SERRS) and Density Functional Theoretical (DFT) Study. Front Chem 2022; 10:902585. [PMID: 35769442 PMCID: PMC9234333 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.902585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, detailed structural and vibrational analysis of merocyanine has been investigated using Raman, surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS). The Raman, SERS and SERRS studies aided by density functional theoretical (DFT) calculations clearly established the prevalence of the trans- and cis-conformers of the protonated form of merocyanine (MCH+) in solid and acetonitrile solution. The binding characteristics of merocyanine adsorbed on nanostructured silver-coated films (SCFs) were investigated using excitation-dependent SERS, concentration-dependent SERRS and DFT studies. The conformers of merocyanine involved in the surface adsorption processes were recognized. The prominent marker bands observed at 1538 (ethylenic C=C stretch) and 1133 cm−1 (pyridinium C-N stretch) in the Raman spectrum of merocyanine in acetonitrile shifted to 1540 and 1126 cm−1, respectively on the nanostructured SCFs. The shift in the marker bands is associated with either the preferential binding of selective conformer or change in resonance equilibrium between the benzenoid and quinoid forms. The excitation wavelength dependent SERS spectrum infers that in addition to the major contribution from the electromagnetic enhancement, chemical (resonance) effect leads to the amplification of the 1540 cm−1 band. The concentration-dependent SERRS study showed maximum enhancement for the nanostructured SCFs functionalized with 1 μM concentration of merocyanine, indicative of monolayer coverage. For lower concentrations of merocyanine, the SERRS signal intensity reduced without any alteration in the peak positions. The SERRS study thus, revealed sub-nanomolar (0.1 nM) sensing of merocyanine using nanostructured SCFs with the analytical enhancement factor (AEF) of ∼ 1010 for the 1126 cm−1 and 1540 cm−1 Raman bands for MC concentration of 0.1 nM. In this study, combination of SERRS and DFT have clearly established the predominance of trans-MCH+ on the nanostructured silver surface with minor contribution from cis-MCH+, which remain exclusively bound to the surface via the phenoxyl ring O atom. This conformational surface selectivity of geometrical isomers of merocyanine using nanostructured surfaces can be further explored for energy efficient and economical separation of geometrical isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Das
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Ridhima Chadha
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Amaresh Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Sambalpur University, Sambalpur, Orissa
| | - Nandita Maiti
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
- *Correspondence: Nandita Maiti,
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Chadha R, Das A, Lobo J, Meenu V, Paul A, Ballal A, Maiti N. γ-Cyclodextrin capped silver and gold nanoparticles as colorimetric and Raman sensor for detecting traces of pesticide “Chlorpyrifos” in fruits and vegetables. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Chen YF, Wang CH, Chang WR, Li JW, Hsu MF, Sun YS, Liu TY, Chiu CW. Hydrophilic-Hydrophobic Nanohybrids of AuNP-Immobilized Two-Dimensional Nanomica Platelets as Flexible Substrates for High-Efficiency and High-Selectivity Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Microbe Detection. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:1073-1083. [PMID: 35195391 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c01151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A flexible hybrid substrate was developed by affixing gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) onto the surface of two-dimensional nanomica platelets (NMPs). The substrate was successfully used in biosensors with high efficiency and high selectivity through surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). By controlling the amphiphilicity of the hybrid substrate, the flexible substrate was made highly selective toward biomolecules. Four different SERS substrate systems were constructed, including intercalated mica, exfoliated NMPs, hydrophilic exfoliated NMPs, and hydrophobic exfoliated NMPs. NMPs were only 1 nm thick. AuNPs adsorbed on both sides of NMPs and thus created excellent three-dimensional hot junction effects in the z-axis direction. For the detection of adenine in DNA, a satisfactory Raman enhancement factor (EF) of up to 8.9 × 106 was achieved with the detection limit as low as 10-8 M. Subsequently, the AuNP/NMP hybrids were adopted to rapidly detect hydrophilic Staphylococcus hominis and hydrophobic Escherichia coli. The AuNP/PIB-POE-PIB/NMP nanohybrid was concurrently hydrophilic and hydrophobic. This amphiphilic property greatly enhanced the detection selectivity and signal intensity for hydrophilic or hydrophobic bacteria. Overall, AuNPs/PIB-POE-PIB/NMPs developed as SERS substrates enable rapid, sensitive biodetection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Feng Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hao Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ru Chang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Wun Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Mao-Feng Hsu
- Research & Development Division, Zhen Ding Technology Holding Limited, Taoyuan 33754, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Sen Sun
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yu Liu
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Chiu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
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Morsby J, Thimes RL, Olson JE, McGarraugh HH, Payne JN, Camden JP, Smith BD. Enzyme Sensing Using 2-Mercaptopyridine-Carbonitrile Reporters and Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:6419-6426. [PMID: 35224403 PMCID: PMC8867545 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The high sensitivity and functional group selectivity of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) make it an attractive method for enzyme sensing, but there is currently a severe lack of enzyme substrates that release SERS reporter molecules with favorable detection properties. We find that 2-mercaptopyridine-3-carbonitrile ( o-MPN) and 2-mercaptopyridine-5-carbonitrile ( p-MPN) are highly effective as SERS reporter molecules that can be captured by silver or gold nanoparticles to give intense SERS spectra, each with a distinctive nitrile peak at 2230 cm-1. p-MPN is a more sensitive reporter and can be detected at low nanomolar concentrations. An assay validation study synthesized two novel substrate molecules, Glc-o-MPN and Glc-p-MPN, and showed that they can be cleaved efficiently by β-glucosidase (K m = 228 and 162 μM, respectively), an enzyme with broad industrial and biomedical utility. Moreover, SERS detection of the released reporters ( o-MPN or p-MPN) enabled sensing of β-glucosidase activity and β-glucosidase inhibition. Comparative experiments using a crude almond flour extract showed that the presence of β-glucosidase activity could be confirmed by SERS detection in a much shorter time period (>10 time shorter) than by UV-vis absorption detection. It is likely that a wide range of enzyme assays and diagnostic tests can be developed using 2-mercaptopyridine-carbonitriles as SERS reporter molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janeala
J. Morsby
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, Unites States
| | - Rebekah L. Thimes
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, Unites States
| | - Jacob E. Olson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, Unites States
| | - Hannah H. McGarraugh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, Unites States
| | - Jason N. Payne
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, Unites States
| | - Jon P. Camden
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, Unites States
| | - Bradley D. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, Unites States
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Saha S, Ghosh M, Chandra S, Chowdhury J. Decoding the topographical features of more realistic SERS active substrates in presence of the probe molecules from statistical considerations: An in-depth study bridging Microscopy with Spectroscopy. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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2-thiazoline-2-thiol functionalized gold nanoparticles for detection of heavy metals, Hg(II) and Pb(II) and probing their competitive surface reactivity: A colorimetric, surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS) study. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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