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Kashcheyeva EI, Korchagina AA, Gismatulina YA, Gladysheva EK, Budaeva VV, Sakovich GV. Simultaneous Production of Cellulose Nitrates and Bacterial Cellulose from Lignocellulose of Energy Crop. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 16:42. [PMID: 38201707 PMCID: PMC10780700 DOI: 10.3390/polym16010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study is focused on exploring the feasibility of simultaneously producing the two products, cellulose nitrates (CNs) and bacterial cellulose (BC), from Miscanthus × giganteus. The starting cellulose for them was isolated by successive treatments of the feedstock with HNO3 and NaOH solutions. The cellulose was subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis for 2, 8, and 24 h. The cellulose samples after the hydrolysis were distinct in structure from the starting sample (degree of polymerization (DP) 1770, degree of crystallinity (DC) 64%) and between each other (DP 1510-1760, DC 72-75%). The nitration showed that these samples and the starting cellulose could successfully be nitrated to furnish acetone-soluble CNs. Extending the hydrolysis time from 2 h to 24 h led to an enhanced yield of CNs from 116 to 131%, with the nitrogen content and the viscosity of the CN samples increasing from 11.35 to 11.83% and from 94 to 119 mPa·s, respectively. The SEM analysis demonstrated that CNs retained the fiber shape. The IR spectroscopy confirmed that the synthesized material was specifically CNs, as evidenced by the characteristic frequencies of 1657-1659, 1277, 832-833, 747, and 688-690 cm-1. Nutrient media derived from the hydrolyzates obtained in 8 h and 24 h were of good quality for the synthesis of BC, with yields of 11.1% and 9.6%, respectively. The BC samples had a reticulate structure made of interlaced microfibrils with 65 and 81 nm widths and DPs of 2100 and 2300, respectively. It is for the first time that such an approach for the simultaneous production of CNs and BC has been employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina I. Kashcheyeva
- Bioconversion Laboratory, Institute for Problems of Chemical and Energetic Technologies, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IPCET SB RAS), 659322 Biysk, Russia; (A.A.K.); (Y.A.G.); (V.V.B.)
| | | | | | - Evgenia K. Gladysheva
- Bioconversion Laboratory, Institute for Problems of Chemical and Energetic Technologies, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IPCET SB RAS), 659322 Biysk, Russia; (A.A.K.); (Y.A.G.); (V.V.B.)
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2
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Gismatulina YA. Promising Energetic Polymers from Nanostructured Bacterial Cellulose. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15092213. [PMID: 37177359 PMCID: PMC10180746 DOI: 10.3390/polym15092213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the nitration of nanostructured bacterial cellulose (NBC). The NBC, obtained using symbiotic Medusomyces gisevii Sa-12 as the microbial producer and then freeze-dried, was nitrated herein by two methods, the first using mixed sulphuric-nitric acids (MA) and the second using concentrated nitric acid in the presence of methylene chloride (NA+MC). The synthesized samples of NBC nitrates (NBCNs) exhibited 11.77-12.27% nitrogen content, a viscosity of 1086 mPa·s or higher, 0.7-14.5% solubility in an alcohol-ester mixture, and 0.002% ash. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the nitration compacted the NBC structure, with the original reticulate pattern of the structure being preserved in full. Infrared spectroscopy for the presence of functional nitro groups at 1658-1659, 1280, 838-840, 749-751 and 693-694 cm-1 confirmed the synthesis of cellulose nitrates in particular. Thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyses showed the resultant NBCNs to have a high purity and high specific heats of decomposition of 6.94-7.08 kJ/g. The NBCN samples differ conceptually from plant-based cellulose nitrates by having a viscosity above 1086 mPa·s and a unique 3D reticulate structure that is retained during the nitration. The findings suggest that the NBCNs can be considered for use in novel high-tech materials and science-driven fields distinct from the application fields of plant-based cellulose nitrates. The NBCN sample obtained with NA+MC has the ability to generate an organogel when it is dissolved in acetone. Because of the said property, this NBCN sample can find use as a classical adhesive scaffold and an energetic gel matrix for creating promising energetic polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia A Gismatulina
- Bioconversion Laboratory, Institute for Problems of Chemical and Energetic Technologies, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IPCET SB RAS), Biysk 659322, Russia
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Boukeciat H, Tarchoun AF, Trache D, Abdelaziz A, Meziani R, Klapötke TM. Development and Characterization of New Energetic Composites Based on HNTO/AN Co-Crystal and Nitro-Cellulosic Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:1799. [PMID: 37050413 PMCID: PMC10098761 DOI: 10.3390/polym15071799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
To develop advanced cellulose-based energetic composites, new types of high-energy-density formulations containing hydrazine 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (HNTO)/ammonium nitrate (AN) cocrystals combined with nitrocellulose or nanostructured cellulose nitrate (NC and NMCC) were experimentally characterized. The prepared energetic formulations were analyzed in terms of their physicochemical properties, mechanical sensitivities, structural features, and thermal behavior. Their heats of combustion and theoretical energetic performance were assessed as well. Experimental results exhibited the inherent characteristics of the designed NC@HNTO/AN and NMCC@HNTO/AN, including improved density, specific impulse, and impact sensitivity compared to their raw compounds. Besides that, thermo-kinetic findings revealed that the as-prepared insensitive and high-energy-density composites undergo two exothermic decomposition processes, and that NC@HNTO/AN has higher thermal activity. The present study demonstrated the outstanding characteristics of the new composites and could serve as a reference for developing more advanced cellulose-based energetic formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani Boukeciat
- Energetic Materials Laboratory (EMLab), Teaching and Research Unit of Energetic Processes, Ecole Militaire Polytechnique, BP 17, Bordj El-Bahri, Algiers 16046, Algeria
| | - Ahmed Fouzi Tarchoun
- Energetic Materials Laboratory (EMLab), Teaching and Research Unit of Energetic Processes, Ecole Militaire Polytechnique, BP 17, Bordj El-Bahri, Algiers 16046, Algeria
- Energetic Propulsion Laboratory, Teaching and Research Unit of Energetic Processes, Ecole Militaire Polytechnique, BP 17, Bordj El-Bahri, Algiers 16046, Algeria
| | - Djalal Trache
- Energetic Materials Laboratory (EMLab), Teaching and Research Unit of Energetic Processes, Ecole Militaire Polytechnique, BP 17, Bordj El-Bahri, Algiers 16046, Algeria
| | - Amir Abdelaziz
- Energetic Materials Laboratory (EMLab), Teaching and Research Unit of Energetic Processes, Ecole Militaire Polytechnique, BP 17, Bordj El-Bahri, Algiers 16046, Algeria
| | - Redha Meziani
- Energetic Materials Laboratory (EMLab), Teaching and Research Unit of Energetic Processes, Ecole Militaire Polytechnique, BP 17, Bordj El-Bahri, Algiers 16046, Algeria
| | - Thomas M. Klapötke
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University, Butenandtstrasse 5–13 (D), D-81377 Munich, Germany
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Unraveling the Effect of MgAl/CuO Nanothermite on the Characteristics and Thermo-Catalytic Decomposition of Nanoenergetic Formulation Based on Nanostructured Nitrocellulose and Hydrazinium Nitro-Triazolone. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12121573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to develop new energetic composites containing nanostructured nitrocellulose (NNC) or nitrated cellulose (NC), hydrazinium nitro triazolone (HNTO), and MgAl-CuO nanothermite. The prepared energetic formulations (NC/HNTO/MgAl-CuO and NNC/HNTO/MgAl-CuO) were analyzed using various analytical techniques, such as Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetry (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The outstanding catalytic impact of MgAl-CuO on the thermal behavior of the developed energetic composites was elucidated by kinetic modeling, applied to the DSC data using isoconversional kinetic methods, for which a considerable drop in the activation energy was acquired for the prepared formulations, highlighting the catalytic influence of the introduced MgAl-CuO nanothermite. Overall, the obtained findings demonstrated that the newly elaborated NC/HNTO/MgAl-CuO and NNC/HNTO/MgAl-CuO composites could serve as promising candidates for application in the next generation of composite explosives and high-performance propellants.
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Benhammada A, Trache D, Chelouche S. Catalytic effect investigation of α-Fe2O3 and α-Fe2O3-CMS nanocomposites on the thermal behavior of NC/DGEDN mixture: DSC measurements and kinetic modeling. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2022.100838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Elaboration, Characterization and Thermal Decomposition Kinetics of New Nanoenergetic Composite Based on Hydrazine 3-Nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one and Nanostructured Cellulose Nitrate. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27206945. [PMID: 36296538 PMCID: PMC9609139 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This research aims to develop new high-energy dense ordinary- and nano-energetic composites based on hydrazine 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (HNTO) and nitrated cellulose and nanostructured nitrocellulose (NC and NMCC). The elaborated energetic formulations (HNTO/NC and HNTO/NMCC) were fully characterized in terms of their chemical compatibility, morphology, thermal stability, and energetic performance. The experimental findings implied that the designed HNTO/NC and HNTO/NMCC formulations have good compatibilities with attractive characteristics such as density greater than 1.780 g/cm3 and impact sensitivity around 6 J. Furthermore, theoretical performance calculations (EXPLO5 V6.04) displayed that the optimal composition of the as-prepared energetic composites yielded excellent specific impulses and detonation velocities, which increased from 205.7 s and 7908 m/s for HNTO/NC to 209.6 s and 8064 m/s for HNTO/NMCC. Moreover, deep insight on the multi-step kinetic behaviors of the as-prepared formulations was provided based on the measured DSC data combined with isoconversional kinetic methods. It is revealed that both energetic composites undergo three consecutive exothermic events with satisfactory activation energies in the range of 139–166 kJ/mol for HNTO/NC and 119–134 kJ/mol for HNTO/NMCC. Overall, this research displayed that the new developed nanoenergetic composite based on nitrated cellulose nanostructure could serve as a promising candidate for practical applications in solid rocket propellants and composite explosives.
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Feng X, Zhang K, Xue L, Pan W. Thermal Decomposition Mechanism of Molecular Perovskite Energetic Material (C
6
NH
14
)(NH
4
)(ClO
4
)
3
(DAP‐4). PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/prep.202100362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐Jun Feng
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute Xi'an 710065 China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute Xi'an 710065 China
| | - Le‐Xing Xue
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute Xi'an 710065 China
| | - Wen Pan
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute Xi'an 710065 China
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Tarchoun AF, Trache D, Klapötke TM, Slimani K, Belouettar B, Abdelaziz A, Bekhouche S, Bessa W. Valorization of Esparto Grass Cellulosic Derivatives for the Development of Promising Energetic Azidodeoxy Biopolymers: Synthesis, Characterization and Isoconversional Thermal Kinetic Analysis. PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/prep.202100293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Fouzi Tarchoun
- Energetic Materials Laboratory Teaching and Research unit of Energetic Processes Ecole Militaire Polytechnique BP 17, Bordj El-Bahri 16046 Algiers Algeria
- Energetic Propulsion Laboratory Teaching and Research unit of Energetic Processes Ecole Militaire Polytechnique BP 17, Bordj El-Bahri 16046 Algiers Algeria
| | - Djalal Trache
- Energetic Materials Laboratory Teaching and Research unit of Energetic Processes Ecole Militaire Polytechnique BP 17, Bordj El-Bahri 16046 Algiers Algeria
| | - Thomas M. Klapötke
- Department of Chemistry Ludwig Maximilian University Butenandtstrasse 5–13 (D) D-81377 Munich Germany
| | - Kheireddine Slimani
- Energetic Materials Laboratory Teaching and Research unit of Energetic Processes Ecole Militaire Polytechnique BP 17, Bordj El-Bahri 16046 Algiers Algeria
| | - Baha‐eddine Belouettar
- Energetic Materials Laboratory Teaching and Research unit of Energetic Processes Ecole Militaire Polytechnique BP 17, Bordj El-Bahri 16046 Algiers Algeria
| | - Amir Abdelaziz
- Energetic Materials Laboratory Teaching and Research unit of Energetic Processes Ecole Militaire Polytechnique BP 17, Bordj El-Bahri 16046 Algiers Algeria
| | - Slimane Bekhouche
- Energetic Materials Laboratory Teaching and Research unit of Energetic Processes Ecole Militaire Polytechnique BP 17, Bordj El-Bahri 16046 Algiers Algeria
| | - Wissam Bessa
- Energetic Materials Laboratory Teaching and Research unit of Energetic Processes Ecole Militaire Polytechnique BP 17, Bordj El-Bahri 16046 Algiers Algeria
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Lu T, Zhao B, Liu Y, Yan Z, Wang Y, Fu X, Yan QL. Enhanced thermal and energetic properties of NC-based nanocomposites with silane functionalized GO. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:17766-17773. [PMID: 34813635 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03305k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The surface functionalization of graphene oxide (GO) is always attractive in improving certain properties of the polymer. In this study, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and 3-mercaptopropyl-trimethoxysilane (SPTES) have been used to make silane functionalized graphene oxides (SiGOs). The APTES-grafted GO (NH-SiGO), SPTES-grafted GO (SH-SiGO) and pure GO have been separately introduced into the nitrocellulose (NC) matrix. The morphology, thermal properties and energetic properties of the prepared nanocomposites (NH-SiGO and SH-SiGO) were investigated comprehensively. It is shown that the presence of GO and SiGOs have different influences on the thermal reactivity of NC with various contents, and NH-SiGO with 0.5 wt% content showed better catalytic performance on the thermal decomposition of NC than others and showed prominently higher efficiency in improving its heat of combustion. Adding 0.5 wt% of NH-SiGO to NC may decrease its decomposition temperature from 202.1 °C to 196.6 °C, and the residue was decreased from 10.61 wt% to 3.95 wt%, respectively. One isoconversional kinetic method was exploited to determine the kinetic parameters of NC and its nanocomposites. It was found that NH-SiGO had a strong catalytic action on the thermal decomposition of NC-based nanocomposites for which the activation energy and the pre-exponential factor were considerably lowered, while SH-SiGO exhibited an inverse effect. The heat of combustion from NC/GO/0.5, NC/NH-SiGO/0.5 and NC/SH-SiGO/0.5 were determined as 11 249.5, 11 675.1 and 11 491.5 J g-1, respectively, which are higher than that of the pure NC (10 908.4 J g-1). From the combustion process of NC/NH-SiGO/0.5, it was shown that the nanocomposite was combusted completely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Lu
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710065, China.
| | - Baodong Zhao
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710065, China.
| | - Yajing Liu
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710065, China.
| | - Zhengfeng Yan
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710065, China.
| | - Yinglei Wang
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710065, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an 710065, China
| | - Xiaolong Fu
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710065, China.
| | - Qi-Long Yan
- Science and Technology on Combustion, Internal Flow and Thermo-structure Laboratory, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
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Spectroscopic characterization andthermal decomposition kinetics of 1,3-dibutyl-imidazolium bromide synthesized through a solvent-free and one-pot method. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Zeng L, Li J, Qiao C, Jiang Y, Wu J, Li H, Zhang J. Theoretical studies on new family of bridged difurazan derivatives with excellent heat of formation. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202100307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lian Zeng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Southwest University of Science and Technology Mianyang P. R. China
| | - Junyan Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Southwest University of Science and Technology Mianyang P. R. China
| | - Chen Qiao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Southwest University of Science and Technology Mianyang P. R. China
| | - Yuhe Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Southwest University of Science and Technology Mianyang P. R. China
| | - Jinting Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Southwest University of Science and Technology Mianyang P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing P. R. China
| | - Hongbo Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Southwest University of Science and Technology Mianyang P. R. China
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing P. R. China
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