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Li D, Jiang H, Li X, Liu J, He Y, Zheng Y, Zhang J. Investigation into the impact of charging rates on the stress development within silicon composite electrodes. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:034704. [PMID: 39007392 DOI: 10.1063/5.0218688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Silicon, renowned for its remarkable energy density, has emerged as a focal point in the pursuit of high-energy storage solutions for the next generation. Nevertheless, silicon electrodes are known to undergo significant volume expansion during the insertion of lithium ions, leading to structural deformation and the development of internal stresses, and causing a rapid decline in battery capacity and overall lifespan. To gain deeper insights into the intricacies of charge rate effects, this study employs a combination of in situ measurements and computational modeling to elucidate the cyclic performance of composite silicon electrodes. The findings derived from the established model and curvature measurement system unveil the substantial alterations in stress and deformation as a consequence of varying charge rates. Notably, the active layer experiences compressive forces that diminish as the charge rate decreases. At a charge rate of 0.2, the active layer endures a maximum stress of 89.145 MPa, providing a comprehensive explanation for the observed deterioration in cycling performance at higher charge rates. This study not only establishes a fundamental basis for subsequent stress analyses of silicon electrodes but also lays a solid foundation for further exploration of the impact of charge rates on composite silicon electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Hainan Jiang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Xiaolin Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Jiahui Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Yaolong He
- Department of Mechanics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yuejiu Zheng
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Junqian Zhang
- Department of Mechanics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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Shen Z, Jin Z, He Y, Li D. Experimental and Modeling Analysis of Mechanical Response of Composite Electrodes in Lithium Batteries. Molecules 2024; 29:3316. [PMID: 39064895 PMCID: PMC11280347 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29143316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The mechanical response is one of the main factors that influence the capacity and number of cycles of lithium batteries, which hinder its wide application. Therefore, it is crucial to perform an in-depth investigation of the electro-chemo-mechanical coupling performance and work mechanism of battery electrodes during the electrochemical reaction process. Usually, graphite is the main active material used in commercially used batteries, while silicon is gaining worldwide attention because of its large energy density. Here, graphite and silicon composite electrodes were prepared to obtain the electro-chemo-mechanical response during electrochemical cycling by an in situ bending deformation measurement. The findings indicate that the composite electrodes could induce a large bending deformation, with an increase in the state of charge (C-rate). And, with an increase in the C-rate, the deformation degree of the silicon composite electrode increases, while that of the graphite composite electrode decreases due to the hardening properties of the graphite particles. In addition, increasing the thickness ratio could induce an increase in the peak stress for both composite electrodes. This work gives a detailed analysis of the mechanical properties of composite electrodes and finds the working mechanism of the C-rate and thickness ratio, which can supply suggestions for the development of high-performance batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheru Shen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (Z.S.)
| | - Zhiyao Jin
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (Z.S.)
| | - Yaolong He
- School of Mechanics and Engineering Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Dawei Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (Z.S.)
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Wu W, Diwu J, Guo J, Fang Y, Wang L, Li C, Zhang B, Zhu J. Hierarchical architecture of ZIF-8@ZIF-67-Derived N-doped carbon nanotube hollow polyhedron supported on 2D Ti 3C 2T x nanosheets targeting enhanced lithium-ion capacitors. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 663:609-623. [PMID: 38430831 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.02.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The matching of long cycle life, high power density, and high energy density has been an inevitable requirement for the development of efficient anode materials for lithium-ion capacitors (LICs). Here, we introduce an N-doped carbon nanotube hollow polyhedron structure (Co3O4-CNT-800) with high specific surface area and active sites, which is anchored with two-dimensional (2D) Ti3C2Tx nanosheets with metallic conductivity and abundant surface functional groups by electrostatic adsorption to form a hierarchical multilevel hollow semi-covered framework structure. Benefiting from the synergistic effect between Co3O4-CNT-800 and Ti3C2Tx, the composites exhibit superior energy storage efficiency and long cycling stability. The Co3O4-CNT-800/Ti3C2Tx electrodes exhibit a high specific capacity of 817C/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g under the three-electrode system, and the capacity retention rate is 91 % after 5000 cycles at a current density of 2 A/g. Additionally, we assembled Co3O4-CNT-800/Ti3C2Tx as the anode and Activated carbon (AC) cathode to form LIC devices, which showed an electrochemical test result of 90.01 % capacitance retention after 8000 cycles at 2 A/g, and the maximum power density of the LIC was 3000 W/kg and the maximum energy density was 121 Wh/kg. This work pioneered the combination of N-doped carbon nanotube hollow polyhedron structure with two-dimensional Ti3C2Tx, which provides an effective strategy for preparing LIC negative electrode materials with high specific capacitance and long cycling stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenling Wu
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, PR China.
| | - Jiahao Diwu
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, PR China
| | - Jiang Guo
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, PR China
| | - Yuan Fang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, PR China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, PR China
| | - Chenguang Li
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, PR China
| | - Biao Zhang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, PR China
| | - Jianfeng Zhu
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, PR China.
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Huang J, Dai Q, Cui C, Ren H, Lu X, Hong Y, Woo Joo S. Cake-like porous Fe3O4@C nanocomposite as high-performance anode for Li-ion battery. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Guo Y, Zhang D, Yang Y, Wang Y, Bai Z, Chu PK, Luo Y. MXene-encapsulated hollow Fe 3O 4 nanochains embedded in N-doped carbon nanofibers with dual electronic pathways as flexible anodes for high-performance Li-ion batteries. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:4624-4633. [PMID: 33605964 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr09228b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fe3O4 is one of the promising anode materials in Li-ion batteries and a potential alternative to graphite due to the high specific capacity, natural abundance, environmental benignity, non-flammability, and better safety. Nevertheless, the sluggish intrinsic reaction kinetics and huge volume variation severely limit the reversible capacity and cycling life. In order to overcome these hurdles and enhance the cycling life of Fe3O4, a one-dimensional (1D) nanochain structure composed of 2D Ti3C2-encapsulated hollow Fe3O4 nanospheres homogeneously embedded in N-doped carbon nanofibers (Fe3O4@MXene/CNFs) is designed and demonstrated as a high-performance anode in Li-ion batteries. The distinctive 1D nanochain structure not only inherits the high electrochemical activity of Fe3O4, but also exhibits excellent electron and ion conductivity. The Ti3C2 layer on the Fe3O4 hollow nanospheres forms the primary electron transport pathway and the N-doped carbon nanofiber network provides the secondary transport pathway. At the same time, Ti3C2 flakes partially accommodate the large volume change of Fe3O4 during Li+ insertion/extraction. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrate that the Fe3O4@MXene/CNFs electrode can efficiently enhance the adsorption of Li+ to promote Li+ storage. As a result of the electrospinning process, self-restacking of Ti3C2 flakes and aggregation of Fe3O4 nanospheres can be prevented resulting in a larger surface area and more accessible active sites on the flexible anode. The Fe3O4@MXene/CNFs anode has remarkable electrochemical properties at high current densities. For example, a reversible capacity of 806 mA h g-1 can be achieved at 2 A g-1 even after 500 cycles, corresponding to an area specific capacity of 1.612 mA h cm-2 at 4 mA cm-2 and a capacity as high as 613 mA h g-1 is retained at 5 A g-1, corresponding to an area capacity of 1.226 mA h cm-2 at 10 mA cm-2. The results indicate that the Fe3O4@MXene/CNFs anode has excellent properties for Li-ion storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Guo
- Key Laboratory of Microelectronics and Energy of Henan Province, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of New Energy Storage Technology, Engineering Research Center for MXene Energy Storage Materials of Henan Province, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, P. R. China.
| | - Deyang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Microelectronics and Energy of Henan Province, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of New Energy Storage Technology, Engineering Research Center for MXene Energy Storage Materials of Henan Province, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, P. R. China. and Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ya Yang
- Key Laboratory of Microelectronics and Energy of Henan Province, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of New Energy Storage Technology, Engineering Research Center for MXene Energy Storage Materials of Henan Province, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, P. R. China.
| | - Yangbo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Microelectronics and Energy of Henan Province, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of New Energy Storage Technology, Engineering Research Center for MXene Energy Storage Materials of Henan Province, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, P. R. China.
| | - Zuxue Bai
- Key Laboratory of Microelectronics and Energy of Henan Province, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of New Energy Storage Technology, Engineering Research Center for MXene Energy Storage Materials of Henan Province, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, P. R. China.
| | - Paul K Chu
- Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yongsong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Microelectronics and Energy of Henan Province, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of New Energy Storage Technology, Engineering Research Center for MXene Energy Storage Materials of Henan Province, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, P. R. China. and College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
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