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Duan X, Zhang Z, Liu K, Wen W, Dong Y, Wang J. Ternary ReS 2(1-x)Se 2xalloys of different composition for Q-switched and mode-locked all-fiber laser. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:325709. [PMID: 38537264 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad3831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
This paper systematically studied the composition-controlled nonlinear optical properties and pulse modulation of ternary ReS2(1-x)Se2xalloys for the first time. The compositionally modulated characteristics of ReS2(1-x)Se2xon the band gap were simulated based on the first principles. We investigated the effect of the band gap on the saturable absorption properties. In addition, we demonstrated the modulation characteristics of different components ReS2(1-x)Se2xon 1.5μm Q-switched pulse performance. The Q-switched threshold, repetition rate, and pulse duration increase as the S(sulfur)-element composition rise. And pulse energy also was affected by the S(sulfur)-element composition. The ReS0.8Se1.2SA was selected to realize a conventional soliton with high energy in the all-fiber mode-locked laser. The pulse was centered at 1562.9 nm with a pulse duration of 2.26 ps, a repetition rate of 3.88 MHz, and maximum pulse energy of 1.95 nJ. This work suggests that ReS2(1-x)Se2xhas great potential in laser technology and nonlinear optics, and widely extends the material applications in ultrafast photonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghao Duan
- School of Physics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihao Zhang
- School of Physics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaixin Liu
- School of Physics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Wen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Dong
- School of Physics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, People's Republic of China
| | - Junli Wang
- School of Physics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, People's Republic of China
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2
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Han Y, Fan W, Zhao X, Wang L, He Y, Tang Y, Zhang H, Wang G, Zhang W, Bai C, Lu C, Fu S. Germanene saturable absorber for mode-locked operation in an all-fiber laser with multiple dispersion environments. APPLIED OPTICS 2024; 63:865-873. [PMID: 38294403 DOI: 10.1364/ao.513713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, a high-quality germanene-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) saturable absorber (SA) with a modulation depth of 3.05% and a saturation intensity of 17.95M W/c m 2 was prepared. Stable conventional mode-locking and harmonic mode-locking (HML) were achieved in germanene-based Er-doped fiber lasers (EDFL) using dispersion management techniques. In a cavity with a net dispersion value of -0.22p s 2, the conventional soliton had a center wavelength of 1558.2 nm, a repetition frequency of 19.09 MHz, and a maximum 3 dB spectrum bandwidth of 3.5 nm. The highest repetition frequencies achieved in cavities with net dispersion values of -2.81p s 2, -1.73p s 2, and -1.09p s 2 were 9.48 MHz, 12.75 MHz, and 12.10 MHz for HML, respectively. Furthermore, the effects of dispersion, power, and the polarization state on HML were systematically investigated. Our research results fully demonstrate the capability of germanene as an optical modulator in generating conventional mode-locked and harmonic mode-locked solitons. This provides meaningful references for promoting its application in ultrafast fiber lasers.
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Yu Y, Liu X, Li T, Zou X, Ding J, Xu N, Sahng X, Wang X, Huang P, Cheng C, Si S, Lu H, Zhang H, Li D. Optimization of the cavity length and pulse characterization based on germanene as a saturable absorber in an Er-doped fiber laser. APPLIED OPTICS 2023; 62:9156-9163. [PMID: 38108754 DOI: 10.1364/ao.504880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
In this study, germanene-nanosheets (NSs) were synthesized by liquid-phase exfoliation, followed by an experimental investigation into the nonlinear saturable absorption characteristics and morphological structure of germanene. The germanene-NSs were employed as saturable absorbers, exhibiting saturation intensity and modulation depth values of 22.64M W/c m 2 and 4.48%, respectively. This demonstrated the feasibility of utilizing germanene-NSs passively mode-locked in an erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL). By optimizing the cavity length, improvements in the output of EDFL characteristics were achieved, resulting in 883 fs pulses with a maximum average output power of 19.74 mW. The aforementioned experimental outcomes underscore the significant potential of germanene in the realms of ultrafast photonics and nonlinear optics.
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Wang G, Sheng Q, Tang S, Li Q, Xiong S, Lu C, Bai C, Zhang W, Zhang H, Fu S. Evolution between bright and dark pulses in a MoxW 1-xTe 2 based fiber laser. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:26145-26155. [PMID: 37710482 DOI: 10.1364/oe.495494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
We proposed an erbium-doped fiber laser mode-locked with a MoxW1-xTe2-based nonlinear optical modulator for the first time to our best knowledge. This fiber laser can deliver bright pulses, bright-dark pulse pairs, dark pulses, bright-dark-bright pulses, and dark-dark-bright pulses. The modulation depth and saturation intensity of the MoxW1-xTe2-based saturable absorber were about 7.8% and 8.6 MW/cm2, respectively. When 10% of the laser in the cavity was output, conventional soliton pulses with central wavelength of 1560.1 nm can be obtained in the cavity. When 70% of the laser was output, dual-wavelength domain-wall dark pulses appeared in the laser cavity. This experiment revealed that an appropriate increase in the ratio of output energy can improve the chance of dark pulses in fiber lasers. The mode-locking states in this fiber laser can evolve with each other between bright pulses, bright-dark pulse pairs and dark pulses by adjusting the polarization controller. The results indicated that the MoxW1-xTe2 can be used to make modulators for generating dark pulses. Furthermore, our work will be of great help to improve the chance of the generation of dark pulse in fiber lasers.
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Zhang W, Zhang Y, Leng X, Jing Q, Wen Q. CrPS 4 Nanoflakes as Stable Direct-Band-Gap 2D Materials for Ultrafast Pulse Laser Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1128. [PMID: 36986023 PMCID: PMC10052116 DOI: 10.3390/nano13061128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted considerable attention due to their potential for generating ultrafast pulsed lasers. Unfortunately, the poor stability of most layered 2D materials under air exposure leads to increased fabrication costs; this has limited their development for practical applications. In this paper, we describe the successful preparation of a novel, air-stable, and broadband saturable absorber (SA), the metal thiophosphate CrPS4, using a simple and cost-effective liquid exfoliation method. The van der Waals crystal structure of CrPS4 consists of chains of CrS6 units interconnected by phosphorus. In this study, we calculated the electronic band structures of CrPS4, revealing a direct band gap. The nonlinear saturable absorption properties, which were investigated using the P-scan technique at 1550 nm, revealed that CrPS4-SA had a modulation depth of 12.2% and a saturation intensity of 463 MW/cm2. Integration of the CrPS4-SA into Yb-doped fiber and Er-doped fiber laser cavities led to mode-locking for the first time, resulting in the shortest pulse durations of 298 ps and 500 fs at 1 and 1.5 µm, respectively. These results indicate that CrPS4 has great potential for broadband ultrafast photonic applications and could be developed into an excellent candidate for SA devices, providing new directions in the search for stable SA materials and for their design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Xudong Leng
- Xinjiang Key for Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, Xinjiang University, 777 Huarui Street, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Qun Jing
- Xinjiang Key for Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, Xinjiang University, 777 Huarui Street, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Qiao Wen
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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Fan W, Han Y, Chen S, Sun S, Zhao X, Bai C, Wang G, Lu C, Zhang W, Fu S, Zhang H. Nanosized indium selenide saturable absorber for multiple solitons operation in Er 3+-doped fiber laser. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:10176-10190. [PMID: 37157571 DOI: 10.1364/oe.484219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
With the advances in the field of ultrafast photonics occurring so fast, the demand for optical modulation devices with high performance and soliton lasers which can realize the evolution of multiple soliton pulses is gradually increasing. Nevertheless, saturable absorbers (SAs) with appropriate parameters and pulsed fiber lasers which can output abundant mode-locking states still need to be further explored. Due to the special band gap energy values of few-layer indium selenide (InSe) nanosheets, we have prepared a SA based on InSe on a microfiber by optical deposition. In addition, we demonstrate that our prepared SA possesses a modulation depth and saturable absorption intensity about 6.87% and 15.83 MW/cm2, respectively. Then, multiple soliton states are obtained by dispersion management techniques, including regular solitons, and second-order harmonic mode-locking solitons. Meanwhile, we have obtained multi-pulse bound state solitons. We also provide theoretical basis for the existence of these solitons. The results of the experiment show that the InSe has the potential to be an excellent optical modulator because of its excellent saturable absorption properties. This work also is important for improving the understanding and knowledge of InSe and the output performance of fiber lasers.
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Pang L, Zhao M, Zhao Q, Li L, Wang R, Wu R, Lv Y, Liu W. GaSb Film is a Saturable Absorber for Dissipative Soliton Generation in a Fiber Laser. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:55971-55978. [PMID: 36493314 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c17738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is at the forefront of scientific research and offers great prospects for the development of technology. As a type of III-V semiconductor, GaSb materials exhibit numerous outstanding optical and electrical characteristics that are very promising for nonlinear optical device applications. In this study, the electronic band structures of GaSb are theoretically calculated, and its application in dissipative soliton fiber lasers is validated. A GaSb thin film is deposited on a microfiber using magnetron sputtering deposition, and the morphology, chemical composition, structure, and nonlinear optical characteristics of the proposed microfiber-GaSb device are investigated. After incorporating it into an Er-doped fiber laser, dissipative soliton laser pulses are readily obtained with a fundamental frequency of 43.5 MHz. With increasing pump power, the fiber laser could work in the fundamental frequency mode-locking state. At a pump power of 570 mW, the pulse width and the output power are measured to be 917 fs and 49.75 mW, separately. These results reveal that GaSb can be used as an efficient saturable absorber, which will have potential applications in ultrafast optics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Pang
- Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an710061, China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Precise Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an710061, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an710061, China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Precise Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an710061, China
| | - Qiyi Zhao
- School of Science, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi'an710121, China
| | - Lu Li
- School of Science, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi'an710121, China
| | - Rongfeng Wang
- Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an710061, China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Precise Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an710061, China
| | - Rongqian Wu
- Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an710061, China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Precise Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an710061, China
| | - Yi Lv
- Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an710061, China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Precise Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an710061, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, School of Science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing100876, China
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Sheng Q, Tang S, Ye F, Wang Y, Chen S, Bai C, Lu C, Zhang H, Fu S, Wang G, Zhang W. Passively mode-locked fiber laser based on GeTe as a saturable absorber. APPLIED OPTICS 2022; 61:9379-9385. [PMID: 36606884 DOI: 10.1364/ao.475019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we fabricate a saturable absorber based on GeTe with saturation intensity and modulation depth of 12.6M W/c m 2 and 7%, respectively. We obtain stable conventional soliton and stretched soliton mode-locking operation. For the conventional soliton state, the average output power increased from 0.93 to 8.70 mW with the increase of pump power, and the fundamental repetition rate was 7.8351 MHz. Its central wavelength and 3 dB bandwidth were 1564.72 and 4.78 nm, respectively. For the stretched soliton state, when the pump power was increased from 87.4 to 420.3 mW, the average output power increased from 2.05 to 10.46 mW. When the maximum average output power reached 10.46 mW, the maximum average single-pulse energy was 0.86 nJ. The experimental results show that GeTe nanosheets will have broad application potential in the field of ultrafast photonics.
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9
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Xu N, Sun S, Shang X, Zhang H, Li D. Soliton phenomena in normal and anomalous dispersion regions in Er-doped mode-locked fiber lasers based on Cr 2Si 2Te 6 saturable absorbers. APPLIED OPTICS 2022; 61:9168-9177. [PMID: 36607050 DOI: 10.1364/ao.472692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Investigations of optical solitons have always been a hot topic due to their important scientific research value. In recent years, ultrafast lasers based on two-dimensional materials such as saturable absorbers (SAs) have become the focus of optical soliton research. In this work, various soliton operations are demonstrated in Er-doped fiber lasers (EDFLs) based on ${{\rm Cr}_2}{{\rm Si}_2}{{\rm Te}_6}$ SAs. First, a low-threshold passively mode-locked EDFL with traditional soliton output is constructed, and the pump threshold is as low as 10.1 mW. Second, by adjusting the net dispersion of the cavity, stable dissipative soliton operation can also be obtained. Traditional soliton mode-locked operation with controllable Kelly sidebands from first order to fourth order is realized by adjusting the pump power in a double-ended pumped structure, and the SNR is as high as 55 dB. All results prove that ${{\rm Cr}_2}{{\rm Si}_2}{{\rm Te}_6}$ used as SA material has great potential and wide application prospects in investigating optical soliton operations in mode-locked fiber lasers with both normal and anomalous dispersion.
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Liu X, Xu N, Shang X, Zhao L, Dong X, Liu C, Zhang H, Li D. Third-order harmonic mode-locked and Q-switched Er-doped fiber laser based on a Cr 2Ge 2Te 6 saturable absorber. APPLIED OPTICS 2022; 61:3884-3892. [PMID: 36256433 DOI: 10.1364/ao.457465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports the generation of fundamental solitons and third-order solitons in an erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) by a Cr2Ge2Te6-polyvinyl alcohol (CGT-PVA) saturable absorber (SA). Stable fundamental solitons at 1559.09 nm at a repetition frequency of 5.1 MHz were detected, and third-order solitons with a maximum output power of 6.807 mW and narrowest monopulse duration of 615.2 fs were obtained under a repetition frequency of 15.3 MHz by changing pump power. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time to achieve a Q-switched pulse with a minimum pulse duration of 2.2 µs and maximum single pulse energy of 12.11 nJ in EDFL based on CGT-PVA SA after reducing the cavity length. Its repetition rate monotonically increased from 18.8 kHz to 61.8 kHz with a tuning range of about 43 kHz. The experimental results sufficiently demonstrate that CGT has enormous potential as an ultrafast photonics device.
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Passively Mode-Locked Ytterbium-Doped Fiber Laser Based on Fe3O4 Nanosheets Saturable Absorber. PHOTONICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/photonics9050306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional material nanosheets have always been a research hotspot because of their unique structure and properties. We report mode-locked operation in ytterbium-doped fiber laser (YDFL) for the first time by adopting Fe3O4 nanosheets as a saturable absorber (SA). The laser is capable of generating 456 ps pulses, centered around 1039 nm. Our results manifest that Fe3O4 nanosheets are expected to become a new type of saturable absorber, which can better promote the development of mode-locked lasers.
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12
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Sui Z, Zhu M, Chen S, Yang F, Wang Y, Sun S, Hong Z, Fan W, Zhang W, Zhang H, Chen X, Wang G, Fu S. Generation of bright-dark soliton pairs based on a ferromagnetic insulator Cr 2Si 2Te 6 as a modulator in an Er-doped fiber laser. APPLIED OPTICS 2022; 61:3254-3259. [PMID: 35471305 DOI: 10.1364/ao.453675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a saturable absorber (SA) based on Cr2Si2Te6 (CST), with a modulation depth of 14.90% and saturation intensity of 4.81MW/cm2, was prepared by a liquid phase stripping method. Its nonlinear optical properties and application in obtaining mode-locked pulse output of bright-dark solitons are studied. When the pump power was 1250 mW, the maximum output power was 26.60 mW; the energy of the single pulse was 15.02 nJ, and the repetition rate was 1.77 MHz. Our results provided evidence that CST can be used as an excellent SA for a mode-locked laser and demonstrated that ferromagnetic insulators can be used for the study of bright-dark soliton pairs.
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Dispersion Management and Pulse Characterization of Graphene-Based Soliton Mode-Locked Fiber Lasers. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12073288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents the generation and characterization of femtosecond pulses utilizing graphene-polymethyl-methacrylate (PMMA) thin-film saturable absorber (SA), which is subjected to different lengths of single-mode fiber (SMF) in an erbium-doped fiber laser cavity. The graphene/PMMA-SA is prepared by using a simple transfer procedure of the thin-film on a fiber ferrule. By increasing the SMF length from 0 to 4 m, the corresponding group velocity dispersion of the entire cavity is estimated to change from −0.033 to −0.121 ps2. Analysis of the pulse performance shows that the pulse width behavior varies from 820 fs to 710 fs against different cavity lengths. Similarly, the pulse repetition rate and the spectral bandwidth can be adjusted from 12.5 to 10.0 MHz, and from 8.2 to 5.6 nm, respectively. A comprehensive discussion on the pulse performance is presented, which can contribute to widening the knowledge on the operation of graphene-based soliton mode-locked erbium-doped fiber lasers based on dispersion management by controlling the cavity length.
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Dai Y, Yu Q, Yang X, Guo K, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Li J, Chen J, Deng H, Xian T, Wang X, Wu J, Zhang K. Controllable Synthesis of Narrow-Gap van der Waals Semiconductor Nb 2GeTe 4 with Asymmetric Architecture for Ultrafast Photonics. ACS NANO 2022; 16:4239-4250. [PMID: 35191693 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c10241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ultrafast photonics has become an interdisciplinary topic of great consequence due to the spectacular progress of compact and efficient ultrafast pulse generation. Wide spectrum bandwidth is the key element for ultrafast pulse generation due to the Fourier transform limitation. Herein, monoclinic Nb2GeTe4, an emerging class of ternary narrow-gap semiconductors, was used as a real saturable absorber (SA), which manifests superior wide-range optical absorption. The crystallization form and growth mechanism of Nb2GeTe4 were revealed by a thermodynamic phase diagram. Furthermore, the Nb2GeTe4-SA showed reliable saturation intensity and larger modulation depth, ascribed to a built-in electric field driven by the asymmetric crystal architecture confirmed via X-ray diffraction, polarized Raman spectra, and scanning transmission electron microscopy. Based on the Nb2GeTe4-SA, femtosecond mode-locked operation with good overall performance was achieved by a properly designed ring cavity. These results suggest that Nb2GeTe4 shows great promise for ultrafast photonic applications and arouse interests in exploring the intriguing properties of the ternary van der Waals material family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongping Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices & Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications, i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Qiang Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices & Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications, i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Xiaoxin Yang
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215123, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Nanobiomechanics, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Kun Guo
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices & Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications, i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yushuang Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Junrong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices & Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications, i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jie Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices & Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications, i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jie Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices & Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications, i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
- Shanghai IC R&D Center, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Haiqin Deng
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Tianhao Xian
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication System and Networks, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Nanobiomechanics, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jian Wu
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices & Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications, i-Lab, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
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15
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Efficient Saturable Absorber Based on Ferromagnetic Insulator Cr 2Ge 2Te 6 in Er-Doped Mode-Locked Fiber Laser. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12050751. [PMID: 35269240 PMCID: PMC8911801 DOI: 10.3390/nano12050751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A ferromagnetic insulator Cr2Ge2Te6 as a saturable absorber in an Er-doped fiber laser (EDFL) was demonstrated. In this work, a CGT-PVA composite film was successfully fabricated using the liquid-phase exfoliation method and employed in an EDFL. The modulation depth and saturation intensity of the SA are 4.26% and 89.40 MW/cm2, respectively. Stable pulses with a minimum pulse width of 978.5 fs when the repetition rate was 3.25 MHz were recorded experimentally. Furthermore, stable solitons still need to be obtained when the pulse energy in the cavity is as high as 11.6 nJ. The results fully suggest that CGT has outstanding nonlinear absorption properties, which may have broad potential applications in ultrafast photons.
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Wu Q, Chen L, Wu Z, Yao Y. Multistate transformations of a femtosecond fiber laser based on a pure fiber saturable absorber. APPLIED OPTICS 2021; 60:7821-7827. [PMID: 34613257 DOI: 10.1364/ao.432369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The graded index multimode-fiber step-index multimode fiber-graded index multimode fiber (GIMF-SIMF-GIMF) structure was designed as a saturable absorber (SA). To obtain optical pulses that meet the requirements of different applications, the multistate transformations of a femtosecond fiber laser based on GIMF-SIMF-GIMF SA were numerically and experimentally researched. The fiber laser can self-start mode-locking; its fundamental repetition rate of fiber laser is 10.35 MHz. The fiber laser can deliver three different optical pulses, namely, the conventional soliton, second-order bound state, and noise-like pulse. The duration of soliton is 421.2 fs; the energy of noise-like pulse is 197.10 pJ. The experimental and simulated results show that the output states of the fiber laser can be switched by adjusting the pump power.
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