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Koser L, Bach T. Total Synthesis of (-)-5-Deoxyenterocin and Attempted Late-Stage Functionalization Reactions. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301996. [PMID: 37452638 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The first total synthesis of (-)-5-deoxyenterocin has been accomplished starting from pentane-1,3,5-triol (16 steps in the longest linear sequence, 0.2 % overall yield). (-)-Menthone served as the source of chirality to distinguish the enantiotopic hydroxymethyl groups of the substrate. Key steps of the synthesis include two aldol reactions to either end of the C5 -skeleton, a diastereoselective hydroxylation reaction and a biomimetic twofold intramolecular aldol reaction as the final step. Although this step suffered from geometrical constraints and was low yielding (10 %), enough synthetic material could be secured to substantiate the relative and absolute configuration of the natural product. Additional experiments were directed toward a C-H functionalization at carbon atom C5. Despite the fact that several protocols could be successfully applied to (3aR)-(+)-sclareolide as model substrate, (-)-5-deoxyenterocin withstood any selective functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilla Koser
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), School of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Thorsten Bach
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), School of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85747, Garching, Germany
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2
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Xia K, Shang J, Sun J, Zhu W, Fu P. Expanding the Chemical Diversity of Secondary Metabolites Produced by Two Marine-Derived Enterocin- and Wailupemycin-Producing Streptomyces Strains. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:28886-28897. [PMID: 37576654 PMCID: PMC10413459 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
To expand the chemical diversity of secondary metabolites produced by two marine-derived enterocin- and wailupemycin-producing Streptomyces strains, OUCMDZ-3434 and OUCMDZ-2599, precursor feeding and solid fermentation strategies were used. Two new compounds, wailupemycins Q (1) and R (2), were isolated from the extracts of liquid and solid fermentation of OUCMDZ-3434. Furthermore, during the fermentation of OUCMDZ-3434, p-fluorobenzoic acid was added as the key biosynthetic precursor, which resulted in the isolation of eight new fluorinated enterocin and wailupemycin derivatives (3-10) and 10 previously reported analogues (11-20). From the solid fermentation extract of OUCMDZ-2599, a new sulfur-containing compound thiotetromycin B (21) and its known analogue thiotetromycin (22) were identified. Moreover, the solid fermentation strategy effectively activated the biosynthesis of siderophores (23-25) of strain OUCMDZ-2599. Compound 3 showed moderate antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus with MIC values of 4 μg/mL. Compounds 23-25 were significantly capable of binding Fe(III).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunyu Xia
- Key
Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, School
of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University
of China, Qingdao 266003, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Jiaxu Shang
- Key
Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, School
of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University
of China, Qingdao 266003, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Jiwen Sun
- Key
Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, School
of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University
of China, Qingdao 266003, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Weiming Zhu
- Key
Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, School
of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University
of China, Qingdao 266003, People’s
Republic of China
- Laboratory
for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for
Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Fu
- Key
Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education of China, School
of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University
of China, Qingdao 266003, People’s
Republic of China
- Laboratory
for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for
Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, People’s Republic of China
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Cowled MS, Li H, Gilchrist CLM, Lacey E, Chooi YH, Piggott AM. Stereodivergent Hydroxylation of Berkeleylactones by Penicillium turbatum. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 86:541-549. [PMID: 36524608 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Penicillium turbatum has previously been reported to produce A26771B, a 16-membered macrocyclic polyketide with activity against Gram-positive bacteria, mycoplasma, and fungi, as well as the structurally related compounds berkeleylactone E and berkeleylactones I-O. In this work, large-scale cultivation of P. turbatum NRRL 5630 on rice yielded seven new berkeleylactone analogues, berkeleylactone E methyl ester, 14-epi-berkeleylactone F, berkeleylactones P-R, 12-epi-berkeleylactone Q, and 13-epi-berkeleylactone R, and six previously reported analogues, A26771B and berkeleylactones E-G and J-K. The structures of the berkeleylactones were elucidated by detailed analysis of spectroscopic data, molecular modeling, and comparison with literature values. Interestingly, six of the berkeleylactone analogues were isolated as pairs of hydroxy epimers, highlighting how Nature can exploit stereodivergence in biosynthetic pathways to increase chemical diversity. The genome of P. turbatum was sequenced, and a putative gene cluster (bekl) responsible for the biosynthesis of the berkeleylactones was identified. The new berkeleylactone analogues exhibited no significant biological activity against a panel of bacteria, fungi, the parasite Giardia duodenalis, or NS-1 murine myeloma cells, suggesting a hitherto undiscovered biological role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Cowled
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Hang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, People's Republic of China
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Cameron L M Gilchrist
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Ernest Lacey
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
- Microbial Screening Technologies Pty. Ltd., Smithfield, NSW 2164, Australia
| | - Yit-Heng Chooi
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Andrew M Piggott
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
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WANG M, ZHANG W, WANG N. Covalent flavoproteins: types, occurrence, biogenesis and catalytic mechanisms. Chin J Nat Med 2022; 20:749-760. [DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(22)60194-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Koser L, Grassin C, Merten C, Bach T. Absolute Configuration of the Polyketide Natural Product (-)-Enterocin. Org Lett 2022; 24:6903-6907. [PMID: 36130083 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The absolute configuration of the polyketide natural product (-)-enterocin was established by two independent approaches. In the first approach, synthetic enterocin with a defined configuration was compared to the natural product. While identical in all scalar properties, the compound displayed an opposite specific rotation and a different chiral HPLC retention time when compared with (-)-enterocin. In a second approach, the vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) of the natural product was measured and shown to be opposite to the calculated VCD of its enantiomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilla Koser
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Corentin Grassin
- Organische Chemie II, Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Christian Merten
- Organische Chemie II, Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Thorsten Bach
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany
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Ren F, Yan D, Liu Y, Wang C, Guo C. Bacterial and fungal communities of traditional fermented Chinese soybean paste (Doujiang) and their properties. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:5457-5466. [PMID: 34646516 PMCID: PMC8498056 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Soybean paste (Doujiang) is one of the traditional fermented foods from China, fermented by various microorganisms. However, the microflora of Doujiang keeps little known. In this study, the microbial communities of seven kinds of representative Doujiang samples were investigated by both culture-independent and culture-dependent methods. We found that core OTUs among seven Doujiang samples were mainly from Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Candida, and Aspergillus according to Illumina sequencing. Every type of Doujiang sample harbored a different composition of microbial community. Doujiang LSJ and LBJ had the highest bacterial and fungal richness and diversity, respectively. The structure of microbial community was remarkably correlated with Doujiang properties-pH, and the content of total protein, soluble protein, amino acid, and total sugar (p < .05). Bacillus spp. were most frequently isolated bacterial species. Fungi of Monascus, Candida, and Aspergillus were also isolated. Eleven microbial strains showed high protease activities to degrade corn proteins, which can form obvious transparent hydrolytic circles in corn gluten meal medium plates. Therefore, microbial communities were supposed to tightly connect to Doujiang type and properties. It is possible to apply potential protein-degrading microbial strains to corn byproducts for protein production in the future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ren
- Institute of Cereal & Oil Science and TechnologyAcademy of National Food and Strategic Reserves AdministrationBeijingChina
| | - Dong‐Hui Yan
- The Key Laboratory of Forest Protection affiliated to State Forestry Administration of ChinaInstitute of Forest EcologyEnvironment and ProtectionChinese Academy of ForestryBeijingChina
| | - Yuchun Liu
- Institute of Cereal & Oil Science and TechnologyAcademy of National Food and Strategic Reserves AdministrationBeijingChina
| | - Chao Wang
- Institute of Cereal & Oil Science and TechnologyAcademy of National Food and Strategic Reserves AdministrationBeijingChina
| | - Chao Guo
- Institute of Cereal & Oil Science and TechnologyAcademy of National Food and Strategic Reserves AdministrationBeijingChina
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7
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Koser L, Lechner VM, Bach T. Biomimetic Total Synthesis of Enterocin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lilla Koser
- Technische Universität München School of Natural Sciences Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center Lichtenbergstrasse 4 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Vivian Miles Lechner
- Technische Universität München School of Natural Sciences Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center Lichtenbergstrasse 4 85747 Garching Germany
| | - Thorsten Bach
- Technische Universität München School of Natural Sciences Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center Lichtenbergstrasse 4 85747 Garching Germany
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Koser L, Lechner VM, Bach T. Biomimetic Total Synthesis of Enterocin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:20269-20273. [PMID: 34278701 PMCID: PMC8457242 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The first chemical total synthesis of the highly oxygenated polyketide enterocin has been accomplished. The key step of the synthesis was a late‐stage biomimetic reaction cascade involving two intramolecular aldol reactions in which each step proceeded in 52 % yield (averaged) and which established four of the seven stereogenic centers. The pivotal precursor for the cascade reaction was assembled from three readily available building blocks. A chiral dithioacetal with two stereogenic centers originating from L‐arabinose represented the core fragment to both ends of which the other building blocks were attached by aldol reactions. The remaining stereogenic center was installed by Davis oxygenation immediately prior to the key step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilla Koser
- Technische Universität München, School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Vivian Miles Lechner
- Technische Universität München, School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Thorsten Bach
- Technische Universität München, School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747, Garching, Germany
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Cowled MS, Lacey E, Karuso P, Piggott AM. Rechoreographing Enterocin’s Ballet of Isomers: Structure Revision of Enterocins C, D, and F. Org Lett 2020; 22:9688-9692. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael S. Cowled
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Ernest Lacey
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
- Microbial Screening Technologies, Smithfield, NSW 2164, Australia
| | - Peter Karuso
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Andrew M. Piggott
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
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