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Radivoievych A, Schnepel S, Prylutska S, Ritter U, Zolk O, Frohme M, Grebinyk A. From 2D to 3D In Vitro World: Sonodynamically-Induced Prooxidant Proapoptotic Effects of C 60-Berberine Nanocomplex on Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:3184. [PMID: 39335156 PMCID: PMC11430052 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16183184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2024] [Revised: 09/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The primary objective of this research targeted the biochemical effects of SDT on human cervix carcinoma (HeLa) and mouse Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells grown in 2D monolayer and 3D spheroid cell culture. METHODS HeLa and LLC monolayers and spheroids were treated with a 20 µM C60-Ber for 24 h, followed by irradiation with 1 MHz, 1 W/cm2 US. To evaluate the efficacy of the proposed treatment on cancer cells, assessments of cell viability, caspase 3/7 activity, ATP levels, and ROS levels were conducted. RESULTS Our results revealed that US irradiation alone had negligible effects on LLC and HeLa cancer cells. However, both monolayers and spheroids irradiated with US in the presence of the C60-Ber exhibited a significant decrease in viability (32% and 37%) and ATP levels (42% and 64%), along with a notable increase in ROS levels (398% and 396%) and caspase 3/7 activity (437% and 246%), for HeLa monolayers and spheroids, respectively. Similar tendencies were observed with LLC cells. In addition, the anticancer effects of C60-Ber surpassed those of C60, Ber, or their mixture (C60 + Ber) in both cell lines. CONCLUSIONS The detected intensified ROS generation and ATP level drop point to mitochondria dysfunction, while increased caspase 3/7 activity points on the apoptotic pathway induction. The combination of 1 W/cm2 US with C60-Ber showcased a promising platform for synergistic sonodynamic chemotherapy for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar Radivoievych
- Division Molecular Biotechnology and Functional Genomics, Technical University of Applied Sciences Wildau, Hochschulring 1, 15745 Wildau, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, the Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and the University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Sophia Schnepel
- Division Molecular Biotechnology and Functional Genomics, Technical University of Applied Sciences Wildau, Hochschulring 1, 15745 Wildau, Germany
| | - Svitlana Prylutska
- Department of Plants Physiology, Biochemistry and Bionergetics, National University of Life and Environmental Science of Ukraine, Heroyiv Oborony Str., 15, 03041 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Uwe Ritter
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Technical University of Ilmenau, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Oliver Zolk
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, the Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and the University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Brandenburg Medical School, Immanuel Klinik Rüdersdorf, 15562 Rüdersdorf, Germany
| | - Marcus Frohme
- Division Molecular Biotechnology and Functional Genomics, Technical University of Applied Sciences Wildau, Hochschulring 1, 15745 Wildau, Germany
| | - Anna Grebinyk
- Division Molecular Biotechnology and Functional Genomics, Technical University of Applied Sciences Wildau, Hochschulring 1, 15745 Wildau, Germany
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Platanenallee 6, 15738 Zeuthen, Germany
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2
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Martínez SR, Odella E, Ibarra LE, Sosa Lochedino A, Wendel AB, Durantini AM, Chesta CA, Palacios RE. Conjugated polymer nanoparticles as sonosensitizers in sono-inactivation of a broad spectrum of pathogens. ULTRASONICS 2024; 137:107180. [PMID: 37847942 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2023.107180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Sonodynamic inactivation (SDI) of pathogens has an important advantage when compared to optical excitation-based protocols due to the deeper penetration of ultrasound (US) excitation in biological media or animal tissue. Sonosensitizers (SS) are compounds or systems that upon US stimulation in the therapeutic window (frequency = 0.8-3 MHz and intensity < 3 W/cm2) can induce damage to vital components of pathogenic microorganisms. Herein, we report the synthesis and application of conjugated polymer nanoparticles (CPNs) as an efficient SS in SDI of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Klebsiella pneumoniae and Candida tropicalis. A frequent problem in the design and testing of new SS for SDI is the lack of proper sonoreactor characterization which leads to reproducibility concerns. To address this issue, we performed dosimetry experiments in our setup. This enables the validation of our results by other researchers and facilitates meaningful comparisons with different SDI systems in future studies. On a different note, it is generally accepted that the mechanisms of action underlying SS-mediated SDI involve the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In an attempt to establish the nature of the cytotoxic species involved in our CPNs-based SDI protocol, we demonstrated that singlet oxygen (1O2) does not play a major role in the observed sonoinduced killing effect. SDI experiments in planktonic cultures of optimally growing pathogens using CPNs result in a germicide effect on the studied pathogenic microorganisms. The implementation of SDI protocols using CPNs was further tested in mature biofilms of a MRSA resulting in ∼40 % reduction of biomass and ∼70 % reduction of cellular viability. Overall, these results highlight the unique and unexplored capacity of CPNs to act as sonosensitizers opening new possibilities in the design and application of novel inactivation protocols against morbific microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sol R Martínez
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnologías Energéticas y Materiales Avanzados (IITEMA), Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Río Cuarto X5804BYA, Córdoba, Argentina; Departamento de Química. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales, UNRC, Río Cuarto X5804BYA, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Emmanuel Odella
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnologías Energéticas y Materiales Avanzados (IITEMA), Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Río Cuarto X5804BYA, Córdoba, Argentina; Departamento de Química. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales, UNRC, Río Cuarto X5804BYA, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Luis E Ibarra
- Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y Salud (INBIAS), UNRC y CONICET, Río Cuarto X5804BYA, Córdoba, Argentina; Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales, UNRC, Río Cuarto X5804BYA, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Arianna Sosa Lochedino
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnologías Energéticas y Materiales Avanzados (IITEMA), Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Río Cuarto X5804BYA, Córdoba, Argentina; Departamento de Química. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales, UNRC, Río Cuarto X5804BYA, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ana B Wendel
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnologías Energéticas y Materiales Avanzados (IITEMA), Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Río Cuarto X5804BYA, Córdoba, Argentina; Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales, UNRC, Río Cuarto X5804BYA, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Andrés M Durantini
- Departamento de Química. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales, UNRC, Río Cuarto X5804BYA, Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud (IDAS), Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Río Cuarto X5804BYA, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Carlos A Chesta
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnologías Energéticas y Materiales Avanzados (IITEMA), Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Río Cuarto X5804BYA, Córdoba, Argentina; Departamento de Química. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales, UNRC, Río Cuarto X5804BYA, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Rodrigo E Palacios
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnologías Energéticas y Materiales Avanzados (IITEMA), Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Río Cuarto X5804BYA, Córdoba, Argentina; Departamento de Química. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquímicas y Naturales, UNRC, Río Cuarto X5804BYA, Córdoba, Argentina.
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3
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George S, Serpe L. Exploring the redox potential induced by low-intensity focused ultrasound on tumor masses. Life Sci 2023; 332:122040. [PMID: 37633418 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is still a major health problem worldwide despite huge efforts being spent on its biomedical research. Beyond the mainstream therapeutic interventions (i.e., surgery, chemotherapy, immunotherapy and radiotherapy), further significant progresses in anticancer therapy could rely on the development of novel treatment paradigms. To this end, one emerging approach consists in the use of non-thermal low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) for conditioning cancer molecules and/or cancer-targeted compounds, thereby leading to cancer cell death with least side-effects. Cellular redox homeostasis manifested as the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during energy metabolism as well as the antioxidant capacity is interwoven to the composition, size and anatomical location of the tumor masses. The higher content of "oxide free radicals" in cancers makes them vulnerable to disruption of redox homeostasis than in the healthy cells and therefore, one of the best options for preferentially eradicating them is increasing their oxidative stress, excessively. A little is known about the modulation of cellular redox homeostasis by LIFU, and so it will be of great interest and utility to understand the effects of LIFU on the energy metabolism of cancer cells. This review is intended to improve our knowledge on the effect of LIFU on cancer cells with particular reference to its redox metabolism for ultrasound-based therapies. Thereby, it could pave the way for exploring novel methodologies and designing combined anti-cancer therapies, especially, for faster and safer eradication of drug resistant and metastasizing solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajan George
- School of Bio Sciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, TN 632 014, India; Laser Research Centre, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa.
| | - Loredana Serpe
- Department of Drug Science & Technology, University of Turin, Turin 10125, Italy
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4
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Foglietta F, Macrì M, Panzanelli P, Francovich A, Durando G, Garello F, Terreno E, Serpe L, Canaparo R. Ultrasound boosts doxorubicin efficacy against sensitive and resistant ovarian cancer cells. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 183:119-131. [PMID: 36632905 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is characterised by the highest mortality of all gynaecological malignancies, frequent relapses, and the development of resistance to drug therapy. Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is an innovative anticancer approach that combines a chemical/drug (sonosensitizer) with low-intensity ultrasound (US), which are both harmless per sé, with the sonosensitizer being acoustically activated, thus yielding localized cytotoxicity often via reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Doxorubicin (Doxo) is a potent chemotherapeutic drug that has also been recommended as a first-line treatment against OC. This research work aims to investigate whether Doxo can be used at very low concentrations, in order to avoid its significant side effects, as a sonosensitiser under US exposure to promote cancer cell death in Doxo non-resistant (A2780/WT) and Doxo resistant (A2780/ADR) human OC cell lines. Moreover, since recurrence is an important issue in OC, we have also investigated whether the proposed SDT with Doxo induces immunogenic cell death (ICD) and thus hinders OC recurrence. Our results show that the sonodynamic anticancer approach with Doxo is effective in both A2780/WT and A2780/ADR cell lines, and that it proceeds via a ROS-dependent mechanism of action and immune sensitization that is based on the activation of the ICD pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Foglietta
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 13, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Manuela Macrì
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 13, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Patrizia Panzanelli
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, University of Torino, Via Cherasco 15, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Andrea Francovich
- Institut de Physiologie, Université de Fribourg, Fribourg 1770, Switzerland
| | - Gianni Durando
- National Institute of Metrological Research (INRIM), Strada delle Cacce 91, 10135 Torino, Italy
| | - Francesca Garello
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Enzo Terreno
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Loredana Serpe
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 13, 10125 Torino, Italy.
| | - Roberto Canaparo
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 13, 10125 Torino, Italy
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Canaparo R, Foglietta F, Barbero N, Serpe L. The promising interplay between sonodynamic therapy and nanomedicine. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 189:114495. [PMID: 35985374 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is a non-invasive approach for cancer treatment in which chemical compounds, named sonosensitizers, are activated by non-thermal ultrasound (US), able to deeply penetrate into the tissues. Despite increasing interest, the underlying mechanisms by which US triggers the sonosensitizer therapeutic activity are not yet clearly elucidate, slowing down SDT clinical application. In this review we will discuss the main mechanisms involved in SDT with particular attention to the sonosensitizers involved for each described mechanism, in order to highlight how much important are the physicochemical properties of the sonosensitizers and their cellular localization to predict their bioeffects. Moreover, we will also focus our attention on the pivotal role of nanomedicine providing the sonodynamic anticancer approach with the ability to shape US-responsive agents to enhance specific sonodynamic effects as the sonoluminescence-mediated anticancer effects. Indeed, SDT is one of the biomedical fields that has significantly improved in recent years due to the increased knowledge of nanosized materials. The shift of the nanosystem from a delivery system for a therapeutic agent to a therapeutic agent in itself represents a real breakthrough in the development of SDT. In doing so, we have also highlighted potential areas in this field, where substantial improvements may provide a valid SDT implementation as a cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Canaparo
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Federica Foglietta
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Nadia Barbero
- Department of Chemistry, NIS Interdepartmental Centre and INSTM Reference Centre, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Loredana Serpe
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy.
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6
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Chen B, Cui M, Wang Y, Shi P, Wang H, Wang F. Recent advances in cellular optogenetics for photomedicine. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 188:114457. [PMID: 35843507 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Since the successful introduction of exogenous photosensitive proteins, channelrhodopsin, to neurons, optogenetics has enabled substantial understanding of profound brain function by selectively manipulating neural circuits. In an optogenetic system, optical stimulation can be precisely delivered to brain tissue to achieve regulation of cellular electrical activity with unprecedented spatio-temporal resolution in living organisms. In recent years, the development of various optical actuators and novel light-delivery techniques has greatly expanded the scope of optogenetics, enabling the control of other signal pathways in non-neuronal cells for different biomedical applications, such as phototherapy and immunotherapy. This review focuses on the recent advances in optogenetic regulation of cellular activities for photomedicine. We discuss emerging optogenetic tools and light-delivery platforms, along with a survey of optogenetic execution in mammalian and microbial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China; City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Meihui Cui
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Peng Shi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Hanjie Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China; City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China.
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7
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Romano G, Insero G, Marrugat SN, Fusi F. Innovative light sources for phototherapy. Biomol Concepts 2022; 13:256-271. [DOI: 10.1515/bmc-2022-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The use of light for therapeutic purposes dates back to ancient Egypt, where the sun itself was an innovative source, probably used for the first time to heal skin diseases. Since then, technical innovation and advancement in medical sciences have produced newer and more sophisticated solutions for light-emitting sources and their applications in medicine. Starting from a brief historical introduction, the concept of innovation in light sources is discussed and analysed, first from a technical point of view and then in the light of their fitness to improve existing therapeutic protocols or propose new ones. If it is true that a “pure” technical advancement is a good reason for innovation, only a sub-system of those advancements is innovative for phototherapy. To illustrate this concept, the most representative examples of innovative light sources are presented and discussed, both from a technical point of view and from the perspective of their diffusion and applications in the clinical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Romano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence , Viale G. Pieraccini 6 , 50139 Florence , Italy
| | - Giacomo Insero
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence , Viale G. Pieraccini 6 , 50139 Florence , Italy
- National Research Council, National Institute of Optics (CNR-INO) , Via Carrara 1 , 50019 Sesto Fiorentino , FI , Italy
| | - Santi Nonell Marrugat
- Institut Quimic de Sarria, Universidad Ramon Llull , Via Augusta 390 , 08017 Barcelona , Spain
| | - Franco Fusi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence , Viale G. Pieraccini 6 , 50139 Florence , Italy
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Foglietta F, Gola G, Biasibetti E, Capucchio MT, Bruni I, Francovich A, Durando G, Serpe L, Canaparo R. 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Triggered by Ultrasound Halts Tumor Proliferation in a Syngeneic Model of Breast Cancer. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:972. [PMID: 34681196 PMCID: PMC8540919 DOI: 10.3390/ph14100972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Sonodynamic therapy is a bimodal therapeutic approach in which a chemical compound and ultrasound (US) synergistically act to elicit oxidative damage, triggering cancer cell death. Despite encouraging results, mainly for anticancer treatment, sonodynamics is still far from having a clinical application. Therefore, to close the gap between the bench and bedside, more in vivo studies are needed. In this investigation, the combined effect of 5-aminolevulinic acid (Ala), a natural porphyrin precursor, plus exposure to US, was investigated in vivo on a syngeneic breast cancer model. Real-time RT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry assays were performed to evaluate the effect of sonodynamic treatment on the main cancer hallmarks. The sonodynamic-treated group had a significant reduction (p ≤ 0.0001) in tumor size compared to the untreated group, and the Ala- and US-only treated groups, where a strong decrease (p ≤ 0.0001) in Ki67 protein expression was the most relevant feature of sonodynamic-treated cancer tissues. Moreover, oxidative stress was confirmed as the pivotal driver of the anticancer effect through cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy; thus, sonodynamics should be explored further for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Foglietta
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy; (F.F.); (G.G.); (R.C.)
| | - Giulia Gola
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy; (F.F.); (G.G.); (R.C.)
| | - Elena Biasibetti
- Histopathology Department CIBA, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale di Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d’Aosta, 10154 Torino, Italy;
| | - Maria Teresa Capucchio
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; (M.T.C.); (I.B.)
| | - Iside Bruni
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; (M.T.C.); (I.B.)
| | - Andrea Francovich
- Institut de Physiologie, Université de Fribourg, 1770 Fribourg, Switzerland;
| | - Gianni Durando
- National Institute of Metrological Research (INRIM), 10135 Torino, Italy;
| | - Loredana Serpe
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy; (F.F.); (G.G.); (R.C.)
| | - Roberto Canaparo
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy; (F.F.); (G.G.); (R.C.)
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Foglietta F, Pinnelli V, Giuntini F, Barbero N, Panzanelli P, Durando G, Terreno E, Serpe L, Canaparo R. Sonodynamic Treatment Induces Selective Killing of Cancer Cells in an In Vitro Co-Culture Model. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153852. [PMID: 34359753 PMCID: PMC8345649 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sonodynamic Therapy (SDT) is a new anticancer strategy based on ultrasound (US) technique and is derived from photodynamic therapy (PDT); SDT is still, however, far from clinical application. In order to move this therapy forward from bench to bedside, investigations have been focused on treatment selectivity between cancer cells and normal cells. As a result, the effects of the porphyrin activation by SDT on cancer (HT-29) and normal (HDF 106-05) cells were studied in a co-culture evaluating cell cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitochondrial function and plasma membrane fluidity according to the bilayer sonophore (BLS) theory. While PDT induced similar effects on both HT-29 and HDF 106-05 cells in co-culture, SDT elicited significant cytotoxicity, ROS production and mitochondrial impairment on HT-29 cells only, whereas HDF 106-05 cells were unaffected. Notably, HT-29 and HDF 106-05 showed different cell membrane fluidity during US exposure. In conclusion, our data demonstrate a marked difference between cancer cells and normal cells in co-culture in term of responsiveness to SDT, suggesting that this different behavior can be ascribed to diversity in plasma membrane properties, such as membrane fluidity, according to the BLS theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Foglietta
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy; (F.F.); (V.P.); (R.C.)
| | - Vanessa Pinnelli
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy; (F.F.); (V.P.); (R.C.)
| | - Francesca Giuntini
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK;
| | - Nadia Barbero
- Department of Chemistry, NIS Interdepartmental Centre and INSTM Reference Centre, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy;
| | - Patrizia Panzanelli
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy;
| | - Gianni Durando
- National Institute of Metrological Research (INRIM), 10135 Torino, Italy;
| | - Enzo Terreno
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy;
| | - Loredana Serpe
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy; (F.F.); (V.P.); (R.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0116706235
| | - Roberto Canaparo
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy; (F.F.); (V.P.); (R.C.)
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Yasui K. Multibubble Sonoluminescence from a Theoretical Perspective. Molecules 2021; 26:4624. [PMID: 34361777 PMCID: PMC8347802 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present review, complexity in multibubble sonoluminescence (MBSL) is discussed. At relatively low ultrasonic frequency, a cavitation bubble is filled mostly with water vapor at relatively high acoustic amplitude which results in OH-line emission by chemiluminescence as well as emissions from weakly ionized plasma formed inside a bubble at the end of the violent bubble collapse. At relatively high ultrasonic frequency or at relatively low acoustic amplitude at relatively low ultrasonic frequency, a cavitation bubble is mostly filled with noncondensable gases such as air or argon at the end of the bubble collapse, which results in relatively high bubble temperature and light emissions from plasma formed inside a bubble. Ionization potential lowering for atoms and molecules occurs due to the extremely high density inside a bubble at the end of the violent bubble collapse, which is one of the main reasons for the plasma formation inside a bubble in addition to the high bubble temperature due to quasi-adiabatic compression of a bubble, where "quasi" means that appreciable thermal conduction takes place between the heated interior of a bubble and the surrounding liquid. Due to bubble-bubble interaction, liquid droplets enter bubbles at the bubble collapse, which results in sodium-line emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyuichi Yasui
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Nagoya 463-8560, Japan
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Canaparo R, Foglietta F, Limongi T, Serpe L. Biomedical Applications of Reactive Oxygen Species Generation by Metal Nanoparticles. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 14:E53. [PMID: 33374476 PMCID: PMC7795539 DOI: 10.3390/ma14010053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The design, synthesis and characterization of new nanomaterials represents one of the most dynamic and transversal aspects of nanotechnology applications in the biomedical field. New synthetic and engineering improvements allow the design of a wide range of biocompatible nanostructured materials (NSMs) and nanoparticles (NPs) which, with or without additional chemical and/or biomolecular surface modifications, are more frequently employed in applications for successful diagnostic, drug delivery and therapeutic procedures. Metal-based nanoparticles (MNPs) including metal NPs, metal oxide NPs, quantum dots (QDs) and magnetic NPs, thanks to their physical and chemical properties have gained much traction for their functional use in biomedicine. In this review it is highlighted how the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which in many respects could be considered a negative aspect of the interaction of MNPs with biological matter, may be a surprising nanotechnology weapon. From the exchange of knowledge between branches such as materials science, nanotechnology, engineering, biochemistry and medicine, researchers and clinicians are setting and standardizing treatments by tuning ROS production to induce cancer or microbial cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Canaparo
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 13, 10125 Torino, Italy; (R.C.); (F.F.)
| | - Federica Foglietta
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 13, 10125 Torino, Italy; (R.C.); (F.F.)
| | - Tania Limongi
- Department of Applied Science & Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy;
| | - Loredana Serpe
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 13, 10125 Torino, Italy; (R.C.); (F.F.)
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Biomimetic Amorphous Titania Nanoparticles as Ultrasound Responding Agents to Improve Cavitation and ROS Production for Sonodynamic Therapy. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10238479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Conventional therapies to treat cancer often exhibit low specificity, reducing the efficiency of the treatment and promoting strong side effects. To overcome these drawbacks, new ways to fight cancer cells have been developed so far focusing on nanosystems. Different action mechanisms to fight cancer cells have been explored using nanomaterials, being their remote activation one of the most promising. Photo- and sonodynamic therapies are relatively new approaches that emerged following this idea. These therapies are based on the ability of specific agents to generate highly cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) by external stimulation with light or ultrasounds (US), respectively. Crystalline (TiO2) and amorphous titania (a-TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) present a set of very interesting characteristics, such as their photo-reactivity, photo stability, and effective bactericidal properties. Their production is inexpensive and easily scalable; they are reusable and demonstrated already to be nontoxic. Therefore, these NPs have been increasingly studied as promising photo- or sonosensitizers to be applied in photodynamic/sonodynamic therapies in the future. However, they suffer from poor colloidal stability in aqueous and biological relevant media. Therefore, various organic and polymer-based coatings have been proposed. In this work, the role of a-TiO2 based NPs synthesized through a novel, room-temperature, base-catalyzed, sol-gel protocol in the generation of ROS and as an enhancer of acoustic inertial cavitation was evaluated under ultrasound irradiation. A novel biomimetic coating based on double lipidic bilayer, self-assembled on the a-TiO2-propylamine NPs, is proposed to better stabilize them in water media. The obtained results show that the biomimetic a-TiO2-propylamine NPs are promising candidates to be US responding agents, since an improvement of the cavitation effect occurs in presence of the developed NPs. Further studies will show their efficacy against cancer cells.
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