1
|
Guillen Campos J, Stricker F, Clark KD, Park M, Bailey SJ, Kuenstler AS, Hayward RC, Read de Alaniz J. Controlled Diels-Alder "Click" Strategy to Access Mechanically Aligned Main-Chain Liquid Crystal Networks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214339. [PMID: 36315038 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Aligned liquid crystal polymers are materials of interest for electronic, optic, biological and soft robotic applications. The manufacturing and processing of these materials have been widely explored with mechanical alignment establishing itself as a preferred method due to its ease of use and widespread applicability. However, the fundamental chemistry behind the required two-step polymerization for mechanical alignment has limitations in both fabrication and substrate compatibility. In this work we introduce a new protection-deprotection approach utilizing a two-stage Diels-Alder cyclopentadiene-maleimide step-growth polymerization to enable mild yet efficient, fast, controlled, reproducible and user-friendly polymerizations, broadening the scope of liquid crystal systems. Thorough characterization of the films by DSC, DMA, POM and WAXD show the successful synthesis of a uniaxially aligned liquid crystal network with thermomechanical actuation abilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesus Guillen Campos
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Friedrich Stricker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Kyle D Clark
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Minwook Park
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Sophia J Bailey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Alexa S Kuenstler
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80305, USA
| | - Ryan C Hayward
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80305, USA
| | - Javier Read de Alaniz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li Y, Liu T, Ambrogi V, Rios O, Xia M, He W, Yang Z. Liquid Crystalline Elastomers Based on Click Chemistry. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:14842-14858. [PMID: 35319184 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c21096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Liquid crystalline elastomers (LCEs) have emerged as an important class of functional materials that are suitable for a wide range of applications, such as sensors, actuators, and soft robotics. The unique properties of LCEs originate from the combination between liquid crystal and elastomeric network. The control of macroscopic liquid crystalline orientation and network structure is crucial to realizing the useful functionalities of LCEs. A variety of chemistries have been developed to fabricate LCEs, including hydrosilylation, free radical polymerization of acrylate, and polyaddition of epoxy and carboxylic acid. Over the past few years, the use of click chemistry has become a more robust and energy-efficient way to construct LCEs with desired structures. This article provides an overview of emerging LCEs based on click chemistries, including aza-Michael addition between amine and acrylate, radical-mediated thiol-ene and thiol-yne reactions, base-catalyzed thiol-acrylate and thiol-epoxy reactions, copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, and Diels-Alder cycloaddition. The similarities and differences of these reactions are discussed, with particular attention focused on the strengths and limitations of each reaction for the preparation of LCEs with controlled structures and orientations. The compatibility of these reactions with the traditional and emerging processing techniques, such as surface alignment and additive manufacturing, are surveyed. Finally, the challenges and opportunities of using click chemistry for the design of LCEs with advanced functionalities and applications are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhan Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tuan Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Veronica Ambrogi
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli 80125, Italy
| | - Orlando Rios
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Min Xia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wanli He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhou Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Brandolese A, Della Monica F, Pericàs MÀ, Kleij AW. Catalytic Ring-Opening Copolymerization of Fatty Acid Epoxides: Access to Functional Biopolyesters. Macromolecules 2022; 55:2566-2573. [PMID: 35431334 PMCID: PMC9009184 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Fatty acid epoxies
serve as valuable starting materials for the
development of bio-based polyesters. Here we present a new and efficient
catalytic process that allows for the copolymerization of fatty acid-based
epoxides and various cyclic anhydrides under attractive process conditions
affording functional polyesters. The degree of functionalization and
the nature of the polymer backbone can be modulated via monomer design.
Postpolymerization cross-linking processes were examined to create
rigid macromolecular networks that build on orthogonal polyester functionality,
creating possible entries for materials with switchable thermal and
mechanical properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Brandolese
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Francesco Della Monica
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi dell’Insubria, via J. H. Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Miquel À. Pericàs
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Arjan W. Kleij
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Catalan Institute of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu ZC, Wang M, Huang S, Yang H. Biodegradable and Crosslinkable Poly(propylene fumarate) Liquid Crystal Polymers. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01475g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, liquid crystal polymers (LCPs) have attracted extensive attention due to their widespread applications in artificial muscles, engineering plastics and high-modulus fibers, etc. However, the design and fabrication...
Collapse
|
5
|
Xiang T, Wang J, Jia L, Wang P, Zhou S. Semicrystalline polymer networks with a swelling-enhanced water-triggered two-way shape-memory effect for programmable deformation and smart actuation. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py01347a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A simple, effective and universal strategy is proposed to fabricate a water-triggered two-way shape-memory polymer with the highest angle reversibility of 45.2%, which can be applied as a soft gripper and water level monitor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
| | - Lianghao Jia
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
| | - Pan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
| | - Shaobing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li X, Hou Q, Zhang J, Cui Q, Xu S, Ding X. The role of branching architecture in shape memory
semi‐IPNs
: Shape memory effect and tube model analysis. POLYM ENG SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xingjian Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Linyi University Linyi P. R. China
| | - Qing Hou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Linyi University Linyi P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Linyi University Linyi P. R. China
| | - Qiuyue Cui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Linyi University Linyi P. R. China
| | - Shoufang Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Linyi University Linyi P. R. China
| | - Xiaobin Ding
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chen L, Chu D, Cheng ZA, Wang M, Huang S. Designing seamless-welded liquid-crystalline soft actuators with a “glue-free” method by dynamic boroxines. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
8
|
Liu Z, Liao J, He L, Gui Q, Yuan Y, Zhang H. Preparation, photo-induced deformation behavior and application of hydrogen-bonded crosslinked liquid crystalline elastomers based on α-cyanostilbene. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01060j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of high-performance α-cyanostilbene-based photoresponsive LCEs were prepared, and their application in information encryption materials was also explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials and Application Technology of Hunan Province
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Materials of Colleges and Universities of Hunan Province
- College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan 411105
| | - Junqiu Liao
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials and Application Technology of Hunan Province
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Materials of Colleges and Universities of Hunan Province
- College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan 411105
| | - Lifang He
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials and Application Technology of Hunan Province
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Materials of Colleges and Universities of Hunan Province
- College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan 411105
| | - Qin Gui
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials and Application Technology of Hunan Province
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Materials of Colleges and Universities of Hunan Province
- College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan 411105
| | - Yongjie Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials and Application Technology of Hunan Province
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Materials of Colleges and Universities of Hunan Province
- College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan 411105
| | - Hailiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials and Application Technology of Hunan Province
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Materials of Colleges and Universities of Hunan Province
- College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan 411105
| |
Collapse
|