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Franco Urquiza EA. Advances in Additive Manufacturing of Polymer-Fused Deposition Modeling on Textiles: From 3D Printing to Innovative 4D Printing-A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:700. [PMID: 38475383 DOI: 10.3390/polym16050700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Technological advances and the development of new and advanced materials allow the transition from three-dimensional (3D) printing to the innovation of four-dimensional (4D) printing. 3D printing is the process of precisely creating objects with complex shapes by depositing superimposed layers of material. Current 3D printing technology allows two or more filaments of different polymeric materials to be placed, which, together with the development of intelligent materials that change shape over time or under the action of an external stimulus, allow us to innovate and move toward an emerging area of research, innovative 4D printing technology. 4D printing makes it possible to manufacture actuators and sensors for various technological applications. Its most significant development is currently in the manufacture of intelligent textiles. The potential of 4D printing lies in modular manufacturing, where fabric-printed material interaction enables the creation of bio-inspired and biomimetic devices. The central part of this review summarizes the effect of the primary external stimuli on 4D textile materials, followed by the leading applications. Shape memory polymers attract current and potential opportunities in the textile industry to develop smart clothing for protection against extreme environments, auxiliary prostheses, smart splints or orthoses to assist the muscles in their medical recovery, and comfort devices. In the future, intelligent textiles will perform much more demanding roles, thus envisioning the application fields of 4D printing in the next decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Adrian Franco Urquiza
- Advanced Manufacturing Department, Center for Engineering and Industrial Development, CIDESI-Airport, Carretera Estatal 200, km 23, Queretaro 76270, Mexico
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2
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Ma L, Kang L, Sun Y, Liu J, Yang H, Miao M. Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Quantum Dots as Electrochemiluminescence-Emitting Species for Sensitive Detection of KRAS G12C Mutation via PET-RAFT. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301602. [PMID: 37622405 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The levels of KRAS G12C point mutation is recognized to be closely related to the earlier diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, based on nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (NGQDs) and photo-induced electron/energy transfer reversible addition-fragment chain transfer (PET-RAFT) signal amplification strategy, we fabricated a novel electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor for the detection of KRAS G12C mutation for the first time. NGQDs as ECL-emitting species with cathodic ECL were prepared by a simple calcination method. Firstly, KRAS G12C mutation DNA, i. e., target DNA (tDNA), was captured by specific identification with hairpin DNA (hDNA). Then, PET-RAFT was initiated by blue light, and large numbers of monomers were successfully polymerized to form controllable polymer chains. Lastly, massive NGQDs was introduced via amidation reaction with N-(3-aminopropyl)methacrylamide hydrochloride (APMA), which significantly amplified the ECL signal intensity. Under optimal conditions, this biosensor achieved a good linear relationship between ECL intensity and logarithm of the levels of KRAS G12C mutation in the range from 10 fM to 10 nM. Moreover, this strategy exhibited high selectivity and excellent applicability for KRAS G12C mutation detection in the serum samples. Therefore, this biosensor has great potential in clinical diagnosis and practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lele Ma
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, P. R. China
| | - Le Kang
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, P. R. China
| | - Yuzhi Sun
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, P. R. China
| | - Jingwen Liu
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, P. R. China
| | - Huaixia Yang
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, P. R. China
| | - Mingsan Miao
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, P. R. China
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3
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Mukai M, Sato M, Miyadai W, Maruo S. On-Demand Tunability of Microphase Separation Structure of 3D Printing Material by Reversible Addition/Fragmentation Chain Transfer Polymerization. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3519. [PMID: 37688145 PMCID: PMC10490546 DOI: 10.3390/polym15173519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Controlling the phase-separated structure of polymer alloys is a promising method for tailoring the properties of polymers. However, controlling the morphology of phase-separated structures is challenging. Recently, phase-separated structures have been fabricated via 3D printing; however, only a few methods that enable on-demand control of phase separation have been reported. In this study, laser-scanning stereolithography, a vat photopolymerization method, is used to form a phase-separated structure via polymerization-induced microphase separation by varying the scanning speed and using macro-reversible addition/fragmentation chain transfer (macro-RAFT) agents with different average molar masses, along with multiarmed macro-RAFT agents; such structures were used to fabricate 3D-printed parts. Various phase-separated morphologies including sea-island and reverse sea-island were achieved by controlling the laser scanning speed and RAFT type. Heterogeneous structures with different material properties were also achieved by simply changing the laser scanning speed. As the deformation due to shrinkage in the process of cleaning 3D-printed parts depends on the laser scanning speed, shape correction was introduced to suppress the effect of shrinkage and obtain the desired shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Mukai
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Mituki Sato
- Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan; (M.S.); (W.M.)
| | - Wakana Miyadai
- Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan; (M.S.); (W.M.)
| | - Shoji Maruo
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
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Xu X, Fang Z, Jin B, Mu H, Shi Y, Xu Y, Chen G, Zhao Q, Zheng N, Xie T. Regenerative Living 4D Printing via Reversible Growth of Polymer Networks. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2209824. [PMID: 36681865 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202209824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Living creatures possess complex geometries, exceptional adaptability, and continuous growing and regenerating characteristics, which are difficult for synthetic materials to imitate simultaneously. A living polymer network with these features is reported. The polymer can be digitally printed into arbitrary 3D shapes and subsequently undergoes growth via living polymerization of a monomer as the nutrient. This leads to macroscopic dimensional growth and transforms the printed amorphous network into a crystallizable network, resulting in geometric adaptability via a shape-memory mechanism. By controlling the localized growth, an initial homogeneous structure can be converted into a geometrically different heterogeneous structure composed of materials with different properties (crystallization and mechanical properties). After growth, the original network can be chemically regenerated for regrowth. With this regenerative living 4D printing, one 3D-printed seed template can be turned into different derivatives with distinct geometries and mechanical properties when repeated regeneration is conducted in different localized regions and the degree of regrowth is varied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Zizheng Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, 733 Jianshe San Road, Hangzhou, 311200, P. R. China
| | - Binjie Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Hongfeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Yunpeng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Yang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Guancong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Qian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 68 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, P. R. China
| | - Ning Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Tao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 68 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, P. R. China
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Imrie P, Diegel O, Jin J. Direct-ink-write 3D printing of “living” polymer hydrogels via type I photoinitiated RAFT polymerization. POLYMER 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2023.125944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
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6
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Goldbach E, Allonas X, Croutxé-Barghorn C, Ley C, Halbardier L, L'Hostis G. Influence of thiocarbonylthio- RAFT agents on the homogeneity of polymer network and mechanical properties of 3D printed polymers. Eur Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.111947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
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Zhao B, Li J, Li G, Yang X, Lu S, Pan X, Zhu J. Fast Living 3D Printing via Free Radical Promoted Cationic RAFT Polymerization. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2207637. [PMID: 36707417 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The application of reversible deactivation radical polymerization techniques in 3D printing is emerging as a powerful method to build "living" polymer networks, which can be easily postmodified with various functionalities. However, the building speed of these systems is still limited compared to commercial systems. Herein, a digital light processing (DLP)-based 3D printing system via photoinduced free radical-promoted cationic reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization of vinyl ethers, which can build "living" objects by a commercial DLP 3D printer at a relatively fast building speed (12.99 cm h-1 ), is reported. The polymerization behavior and printing conditions are studied in detail. The livingness of the printed objects is demonstrated by spatially controlled postmodification with a fluorescent monomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Zhao
- State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jiajia Li
- State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Guangliang Li
- State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xinrui Yang
- State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Shaopu Lu
- State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xiangqiang Pan
- State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jian Zhu
- State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
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8
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Zhao B, Li J, Li Z, Lin X, Pan X, Zhang Z, Zhu J. Photoinduced 3D Printing through a Combination of Cationic and Radical RAFT Polymerization. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Zhao
- State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiajia Li
- State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhuang Li
- State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xia Lin
- State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangqiang Pan
- State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengbiao Zhang
- State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Zhu
- State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
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9
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A Photoinduced Dual‐Wavelength Approach for 3D Printing and Self‐Healing of Thermosetting Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202114111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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10
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Zhao B, Li J, Xiu Y, Pan X, Zhang Z, Zhu J. Xanthate-Based Photoiniferter RAFT Polymerization toward Oxygen-Tolerant and Rapid Living 3D Printing. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Zhao
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jiajia Li
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yuan Xiu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiangqiang Pan
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhengbiao Zhang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jian Zhu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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11
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Bainbridge CWA, Wangsadijaya A, Broderick N, Jin J. Living Polymer Networks Prepared by Controlled Radical Polymerization Techniques. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01692j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Controlled radical polymerization (CRP) techniques have become widely accepted and used in polymer research and development. While much has been done towards their traditional usage in linear and branched systems,...
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12
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Imrie
- School of Chemical Sciences The University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
- Dodd‐Walls Centre for Quantum and Photonic Technologies Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Jianyong Jin
- School of Chemical Sciences The University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
- Dodd‐Walls Centre for Quantum and Photonic Technologies Dunedin New Zealand
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13
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Zhang Z, Corrigan N, Boyer C. A Photoinduced Dual-Wavelength Approach for 3D Printing and Self-Healing of Thermosetting Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202114111. [PMID: 34859952 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202114111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Vat photopolymerization-based 3D printing techniques have been widely used to produce high-resolution 3D thermosetting materials. However, the lack of repairability of these thermosets leads to the production of waste. In this study, reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) agents are incorporated into resin formulations to allow visible light (405 nm) mediated 3D printing of materials with self-healing capabilities. The self-healing process is based on the reactivation of RAFT agent embedded in the thermosets under UV light (365 nm), which enables reformation of the polymeric network. The self-healing process can be performed at room temperature without prior deoxygenation. The impact of the type and concentration of RAFT agents in the polymer network on the healing efficiency is explored. Resins containing RAFT agents enable 3D printing of thermosets with self-healing properties, broadening the scope of future applications for polymeric thermosets in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiheng Zhang
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Nathaniel Corrigan
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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14
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Zhao B, Li J, Pan X, Zhang Z, Jin G, Zhu J. Photoinduced Free Radical Promoted Cationic RAFT Polymerization toward "Living" 3D Printing. ACS Macro Lett 2021; 10:1315-1320. [PMID: 35549049 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.1c00555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing utilizing controlled polymerization systems is emerging as a powerful approach to fabricate "living" objects, which can be further modified with various functionalities. Here, we report photoinduced free radical-promoted cationic reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization under broad wavelengths from ultraviolet (UV) to near-infrared (NIR) light. A commercially available iron catalyst, cyclopentadienyl iron dicarbonyl dimer (Fe2(Cp)2(CO)4), was used as the photocatalyst, and several diphenyliodonium salts were examined as oxidants. Various poly(vinyl ether)s with controlled molecular weights and a narrow dispersity (1.06-1.32) were prepared through this method. Relatively high chain-end fidelity can be observed and has been demonstrated by successful chain-extension experiments. In addition, benefiting from the penetrating ability of NIR light, 3D objects with different thicknesses were achieved by employing stereolithography-based 3D printing techniques. Furthermore, the postfunctionalization of these 3D printed objects with fluorescent monomers provides a facile method to build 3D objects with complex functionality and potential applications in anticounterfeiting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Zhao
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jiajia Li
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiangqiang Pan
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhengbiao Zhang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Guoqing Jin
- School of Mechanical and Electric Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Jian Zhu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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15
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Fabrication of Microfluidic Devices for Emulsion Formation by Microstereolithography. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092817. [PMID: 34068649 PMCID: PMC8126101 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Droplet microfluidics—the art and science of forming droplets—has been revolutionary for high-throughput screening, directed evolution, single-cell sequencing, and material design. However, traditional fabrication techniques for microfluidic devices suffer from several disadvantages, including multistep processing, expensive facilities, and limited three-dimensional (3D) design flexibility. High-resolution additive manufacturing—and in particular, projection micro-stereolithography (PµSL)—provides a promising path for overcoming these drawbacks. Similar to polydimethylsiloxane-based microfluidics 20 years ago, 3D printing methods, such as PµSL, have provided a path toward a new era of microfluidic device design. PµSL greatly simplifies the device fabrication process, especially the access to truly 3D geometries, is cost-effective, and it enables multimaterial processing. In this review, we discuss both the basics and recent innovations in PµSL; the material basis with emphasis on custom-made photopolymer formulations; multimaterial 3D printing; and, 3D-printed microfluidic devices for emulsion formation as our focus application. Our goal is to support researchers in setting up their own PµSL system to fabricate tailor-made microfluidics.
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16
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Bellotti V, Simonutti R. New Light in Polymer Science: Photoinduced Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer Polymerization (PET-RAFT) as Innovative Strategy for the Synthesis of Advanced Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1119. [PMID: 33915928 PMCID: PMC8036437 DOI: 10.3390/polym13071119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Photochemistry has attracted great interest in the last decades in the field of polymer and material science for the synthesis of innovative materials. The merging of photochemistry and reversible-deactivation radical polymerizations (RDRP) provides good reaction control and can simplify elaborate reaction protocols. These advantages open the doors to multidisciplinary fields going from composite materials to bio-applications. Photoinduced Electron/Energy Transfer Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain-Transfer (PET-RAFT) polymerization, proposed for the first time in 2014, presents significant advantages compared to other photochemical techniques in terms of applicability, cost, and sustainability. This review has the aim of providing to the readers the basic knowledge of PET-RAFT polymerization and explores the new possibilities that this innovative technique offers in terms of industrial applications, new materials production, and green conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roberto Simonutti
- Department of Materials Science, Università Degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Via R. Cozzi, 55, 20125 Milan, Italy;
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17
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Lee K, Corrigan N, Boyer C. Rapid High‐Resolution 3D Printing and Surface Functionalization via Type I Photoinitiated RAFT Polymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenny Lee
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design School of Chemical Engineering University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Nathaniel Corrigan
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine School of Chemical Engineering University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine School of Chemical Engineering University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
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18
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Lee K, Corrigan N, Boyer C. Rapid High‐Resolution 3D Printing and Surface Functionalization via Type I Photoinitiated RAFT Polymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:8839-8850. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenny Lee
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design School of Chemical Engineering University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Nathaniel Corrigan
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine School of Chemical Engineering University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine School of Chemical Engineering University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
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19
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Zhang Z, Corrigan N, Boyer C. Effect of Thiocarbonylthio Compounds on Visible-Light-Mediated 3D Printing. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiheng Zhang
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales—Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Nathaniel Corrigan
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales—Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales—Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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20
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Wu Y, Simpson MC, Jin J. Fast Hydrolytically Degradable 3D Printed Object Based on Aliphatic Polycarbonate Thiol‐Yne Photoresins. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202000435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yimei Wu
- School of Chemical Sciences The University of Auckland Auckland 1010 New Zealand
- Dodd‐Walls Centre for Quantum and Photonic Technologies Dunedin 9056 New Zealand
| | - Miriam Cather Simpson
- School of Chemical Sciences The University of Auckland Auckland 1010 New Zealand
- Department of Physics The University of Auckland Auckland 1010 New Zealand
- Photon Factory The University of Auckland Auckland 1010 New Zealand
- Dodd‐Walls Centre for Quantum and Photonic Technologies Dunedin 9056 New Zealand
- The MacDiarmid Institute of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology Wellington 6140 New Zealand
| | - Jianyong Jin
- School of Chemical Sciences The University of Auckland Auckland 1010 New Zealand
- Dodd‐Walls Centre for Quantum and Photonic Technologies Dunedin 9056 New Zealand
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21
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Yee DW, Greer JR. Three‐dimensional
chemical reactors:
in situ
materials synthesis to advance vat photopolymerization. POLYM INT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.6165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daryl W. Yee
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA USA
| | - Julia R. Greer
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA USA
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22
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Bainbridge CWA, Broderick N, Jin J. RAFT agent symmetry and the effects on photo-growth behavior in living polymer networks. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00796c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Here we describe how different symmetries of RAFT agent act after growth. Asymmetric networks showed a pore-filling behaviour, while symmetric networks underwent mesh-expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris William Anderson Bainbridge
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- Dodd-Walls Centre for Quantum and Photonic Technologies, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Neil Broderick
- Department of Physics, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- Dodd-Walls Centre for Quantum and Photonic Technologies, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Jianyong Jin
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- Dodd-Walls Centre for Quantum and Photonic Technologies, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
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23
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Zhu Y, Ramadani E, Egap E. Thiol ligand capped quantum dot as an efficient and oxygen tolerance photoinitiator for aqueous phase radical polymerization and 3D printing under visible light. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00705j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We report here a rapid visible-light-induced radical polymerization in aqueous media photoinitiated by only ppm level thiol ligand capped cadmium selenide quantum dots. The photoinitiation system could be readily employed for photo 3D printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, USA
| | - Emira Ramadani
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, USA
| | - Eilaf Egap
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, 77005, USA
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