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Gitter SR, Li R, Boydston AJ. Access to Functionalized Materials by Metal-Free Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization of Active Esters and Divergent Postpolymerization Modification. ACS Macro Lett 2024:144-150. [PMID: 38226917 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.3c00687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Metal-free ring-opening metathesis polymerization (MF-ROMP) is an emerging polymerization strategy that provides access to ROMP materials by using organic initiators and photoredox catalysts. Unlike metal-mediated ROMP, MF-ROMP is not highly tolerant toward functionalized monomers. Herein, we report that pentafluorophenyl esters are polymerizable under MF-ROMP conditions to produce homopolymers, statistical copolymers, and block copolymers. Amine coupling agents were then used to install a range of functional groups via acyl substitution including alkynes, amino acid derivatives, fluorophores, and redox active moieties. Overall, these findings provide a framework to prepare functionalized ROMP polymers without the risk of metal contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean R Gitter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Ruojia Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Andrew J Boydston
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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Mohamed MG, Chang SY, Ejaz M, Samy MM, Mousa AO, Kuo SW. Design and Synthesis of Bisulfone-Linked Two-Dimensional Conjugated Microporous Polymers for CO2 Adsorption and Energy Storage. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073234. [PMID: 37049996 PMCID: PMC10096630 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We have successfully synthesized two types of two-dimensional conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs), Py-BSU and TBN-BSU CMPs, by using the Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction of BSU-Br2 (2,8-Dibromothianthrene-5,5′,10,10′-Tetraoxide) with Py-T (1,3,6,8-Tetraethynylpyrene) and TBN-T (2,7,10,15-Tetraethynyldibenzo[g,p]chrysene), respectively. We characterized the chemical structure, morphology, physical properties, and potential applications of these materials using various analytical instruments. Both Py-BSU and TBN-BSU CMPs showed high thermal stability with thermal decomposition temperatures (Td10) up to 371 °C and char yields close to 48 wt%, as determined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). TBN-BSU CMPs exhibited a higher specific surface area and porosity of 391 m2 g−1 and 0.30 cm3 g−1, respectively, due to their large micropore and mesopore structure. These CMPs with extended π-conjugated frameworks and high surface areas are promising organic electroactive materials that can be used as electrode materials for supercapacitors (SCs) and gas adsorption. Our experimental results demonstrated that the TBN-BSU CMP electrode had better electrochemical characteristics with a longer discharge time course and a specific capacitance of 70 F g−1. Additionally, the electrode exhibited an excellent capacitance retention rate of 99.9% in the 2000-cycle stability test. The CO2 uptake capacity of TBN-BSU CMP and Py-BSU CMP were 1.60 and 1.45 mmol g−1, respectively, at 298 K and 1 bar. These results indicate that the BSU-based CMPs synthesized in this study have potential applications in electrical testing and CO2 capture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Gamal Mohamed
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, College of Semiconductor and Advanced Technology Research, Center of Crystal Research, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Siang-Yi Chang
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, College of Semiconductor and Advanced Technology Research, Center of Crystal Research, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Moshin Ejaz
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, College of Semiconductor and Advanced Technology Research, Center of Crystal Research, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Maha Mohamed Samy
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, College of Semiconductor and Advanced Technology Research, Center of Crystal Research, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Aya Osama Mousa
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, College of Semiconductor and Advanced Technology Research, Center of Crystal Research, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Shiao-Wei Kuo
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, College of Semiconductor and Advanced Technology Research, Center of Crystal Research, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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Kim JG, Shin HG. Functional Acrylate Polymer Synthesis: Postpolymerization Modification Approach. Macromol Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-022-0103-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Jadhav UA, Nagane SS, Wadgaonkar PP. Synthesis, characterization and post-modification of aromatic (Co)polyesters possessing pendant maleimide groups. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/09540083221127361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A new series of (co)polyesters possessing pendent maleimide groups was synthesized by low temperature solution polycondensation of 4, 4’-(5-maleimidopentane-2, 2-diyl) diphenol (BPA-MA) with isophthalic acid chloride (IPC), terephthalic acid chloride (TPC) and a mixture of TPC and IPC (50:50 mol %). Copolyesters were also synthesized by polycondensation of varying compositions of BPA-MA and bisphenol-A (BPA) with IPC. The chemical structures and compositions of (co)polyesters were confirmed by NMR spectroscopy. Inherent viscosity values and number-average molecular weights of (co)polyesters were in the range 0.50–0.76 dL/g and 17,700-32,100 g/mol, respectively, indicating the formation of reasonably high molecular weight polymers. (Co)polyesters were readily soluble in common organic solvents and could be cast into tough, transparent and flexible films from chloroform solutions. (Co)polyesters exhibited 10% weight loss and glass transition temperatures in the range 464–468 and 142–178°C, respectively. A representative copolyester possessing pendant maleimide groups was chemically modified via metal-free azide-maleimide 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition click reaction with two azido compounds, namely, (azidomethyl)benzene (Bz-N3) and 1-(azidomethyl)-pyrene (Py-N3) to yield corresponding modified copolyesters in a quantitative manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uday A Jadhav
- Polymers and Advanced Materials Laboratory, Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory University, Pune, India
| | - Samadhan S Nagane
- Polymers and Advanced Materials Laboratory, Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory University, Pune, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Prakash P Wadgaonkar
- Polymers and Advanced Materials Laboratory, Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory University, Pune, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
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Yan DW, Li XD, Li PC, Tang WL, Ren HH, Yan YG. Conferring fluorescence tracking function to polyphenylene sulfide by embedding the pyrene into the backbone at the molecular level: Design and synthesis. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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