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Li L, He YL, Xu N, Wang XF, Song B, Tang BQ, Lee SMY. A natural small molecule aspidosperma-type alkaloid, hecubine, as a new TREM2 activator for alleviating lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation in vitro and in vivo. Redox Biol 2024; 70:103057. [PMID: 38325196 PMCID: PMC10863309 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), highly expressed by microglia in the central nervous system (CNS), can modulate neuroinflammatory responses. Currently, there are no approved drugs specifically targeting TREM2 for CNS diseases. Aspidosperma alkaloids have shown potential as anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective agents. This study aimed to elucidate the potential therapeutic effect of Hecubine, a natural aspidosperma-type alkaloid, as a TREM2 activator in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated neuroinflammation in in vitro and in vivo models. In this study, molecular docking and cellular thermal shift assay (CTSA) were employed to investigate the interaction between Hecubine and TREM2. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), quantitative PCR, immunofluorescence, Western blotting, and shRNA gene knockdown were used to assess the anti-neuroinflammatory and antioxidant effects of Hecubine in microglial cells and zebrafish. Our results revealed that Hecubine directly interacted with TREM2, leading to its activation. Knockdown of TREM2 mRNA expression significantly abolished the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of Hecubine on LPS-stimulated proinflammatory mediators (NO, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) and oxidative stress in microglia cells. Furthermore, Hecubine upregulated Nrf2 expression levels while downregulating TLR4 signaling expression levels both in vivo and in vitro. Silencing TREM2 upregulated TLR4 and downregulated Nrf2 signaling pathways, mimicking the effect of Hecubine, further supporting TREM2 as the drug target by which Hecubine inhibits neuroinflammation. In conclusion, this is the first study to identify a small molecule, namely Hecubine directly targeting TREM2 to mediate anti-neuroinflammation and anti-oxidative effects, which serves as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of neural inflammation-associated CNS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Yu-Lin He
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China; Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Nan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Xiu-Fen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China; Department of Medical Science, Shunde Polytechnic, Foshan, 528333, China
| | - Bing Song
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 110001, Shenyang, China; School of Dentistry, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XY, UK; Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ben-Qin Tang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Innovation, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China; Department of Medical Science, Shunde Polytechnic, Foshan, 528333, China.
| | - Simon Ming-Yuen Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China; Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Innovation, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China.
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Yu Y, Wu J, Bao MF, Schinnerl J, Cai XH. Diverse aspidosperma-type alkaloids from the leaves of Tabernaemontana bovina with anti-hepatoma activity. Fitoterapia 2023; 169:105588. [PMID: 37336417 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Seventeen undescribed Aspidosperma-type alkaloids (ASPs), along with nine known ones were isolated from the leaves of Tabernaemontana bovina. Taberbovermines A and B were assigned to tabersonine-type with a contracted A- and E-ring, respectively. Taberbovermine C was attributed to tabersonine without D ring. These structures of the ASPs were established on the basis of comprehensive spectroscopic data, electronic circular dichroism calculations and X-ray diffraction. The summaries of structure-activity relationship of tabersonine class were discussed based on hepatoma cells screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Jing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Mei-Fen Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Johann Schinnerl
- Chemodiversity Research Group, Division of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Xiang-Hai Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.
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Liu ZW, Song M, Wang JY, Wang DZ, Sun B, Shi L, Jiang RW, Ma M, Zhang XQ. Monoterpenoid indole alkaloid adducts and dimers from Melodinus fusiformis. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2023; 211:113678. [PMID: 37059289 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Eight unprecedented monoterpenoid indole alkaloid (MIA) adducts and dimers, melofusinines A-H (1-8), and three undescribed melodinus-type MIA monomers, melofusinines I-K (9-11), together with six putative biogenetic precursors were isolated from the twigs and leaves of Melodinus fusiformis Champ. ex Benth. Compounds 1 and 2 are unusual hybrid indole alkaloids incorporating an aspidospermatan-type MIA with a monoterpenoid alkaloid unit via C-C coupling. Compounds 3-8 feature the first MIA dimers constructed through an aspidospermatan-type monomer and a rearranged melodinus-type monomer with two different types of couplings. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data, single crystal X-ray diffraction, and calculated electric circular dichroism spectra analysis. In addition, dimers 5 and 8 showed significant neuroprotection effects on MPP +-injured primary cortical neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Wen Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Modernization of TCM, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Min Song
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, PR China
| | - Jun-Ya Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Modernization of TCM, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of TCM, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - De-Zhi Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Modernization of TCM, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of TCM, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Biao Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Modernization of TCM, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of TCM, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Lei Shi
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Modernization of TCM, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of TCM, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Ren-Wang Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Modernization of TCM, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Min Ma
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Qi Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Modernization of TCM, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of TCM, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China.
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In Vitro Investigation of the Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Potential of Tabernaemontana ventricosa Hochst. ex A. DC. Leaf, Stem, and Latex Extracts. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8020091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Tabernaemontana ventricosa (Apocynaceae) a latex-bearing plant is used in traditional medicine for its therapeutic benefits in reducing fever and hypertension and wound healing. Due to limited information on the plant’s pharmacological activities, this study aimed to investigate the antioxidant potential of the leaf, stem, and latex extracts of T. ventricosa, using the Folin-Ciocalteu (total phenolics), aluminum chloride colorimetric (total flavonoids), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. The cytotoxic activity was evaluated in the human HEK293 (embryonic kidney), HeLa (cervical carcinoma), and MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma) cell lines using the MTT assay. The latex extracts possessed the highest total phenolic content (115.36 ± 2.89 mg GAE/g), followed by the stem hexane extracts (21.33 ± 0.42 mg GAE/g), the chloroform leaf (7.89 ± 0.87 mg GAE/g), and the chloroform stem (4.69 ± 0.21 mg GAE/g) extracts. The flavonoid content was substantially high ranging from 946.92 ± 6.29 mg QE/g in the stem hexane, 768.96 ± 5.43 mg QE/g in the latex, 693.24 ± 4.12 mg QE/g in the stem chloroform, and 662.20 ± 1.00 mg QE/g in the leaf hexane extracts. The DPPH assays showed the highest percentage of inhibition at 240 µg/mL, for the stem hexane (70.10%), stem methanol (65.24%), and stem chloroform (60.26%) extracts, with their respective IC50 values of 19.26 µg/mL (stem hexane), 6.19 µg/mL (stem methanol), and 22.56 µg/mL (stem chloroform). The FRAP assays displayed minimal inhibition ranging from 4.73% to 14.40%, except for the latex extracts which displayed moderate inhibition at 15 µg/mL (21.82%) and substantial inhibition at 240 µg/mL (98.48%). The HeLa and MCF-7 cell lines were the most sensitive to the extracts, with the hexane, chloroform, and methanol leaf and stem, and latex extracts significantly affecting the percentage cell survival. Overall, the various parts of T. ventricosa exhibited strong antioxidant activity correlating to its cytotoxicity. Further studies should focus on the isolation of specific antioxidant compounds that could be investigated for their anticancer potential.
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Chen J, Yu Y, Wu J, Bao MF, Kongkiatpaiboon S, Schinnerl J, Cai XH. Trimeric and dimeric Aspidosperma-type alkaloids from leaves of Tabernaemontana divaricata 'Dwaft'. Bioorg Chem 2021; 116:105314. [PMID: 34500306 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Continued interest in bioactive monoterpenoid indole alkaloids and the purpose to explore the artificial cultivation influence on the chemical composition in the same plant species, 8 undescribed Aspidosperma-type alkaloids including two unprecedented trimers, taberdivarines A-B (1-2), and six new dimers, taberdivarines CH (3-8), together with 9 known bisindoles were isolated from the leaves of Tabernaemontana divaricata 'Dwaft'. Notably, taberdivarines A and B were the first cases of Aspidosperma-Aspidosperma-Aspidosperma-type alkaloids with furan ring linkage patterns of the natural products. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analyse. Compounds 1-8 were screened for the cytotoxicity against three human cancer cell lines, SMMC-7721, HT-29 and A549. Among them, Compound 6 exhibited significant activity against three cell lines with IC50 values of 0.30, 0.75 and 3.41 μM, respectively (IC50 = 3.02, 0.14 and 2.23 μM for the positive control, vinorelbine). Compound 1, 3, 4, 6, 7 and 8 also expressed varying degrees of activity. The structure-activity relationships (SARs) of these alkaloids were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Jing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mei-Fen Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Sumet Kongkiatpaiboon
- Drug Discovery and Development Center, Office of Advanced Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12121, Thailand
| | - Johann Schinnerl
- Chemodiversity Research Group, Division of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Xiang-Hai Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.
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Shi BB, Lu JS, Wu J, Bao MF, Cai XH. Symmetric cytotoxic trimeric and dimeric indole alkaloids isolated from Bousigonia angustifolia. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01565b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Symmetric trimeric and dimeric indole alkaloids were isolated for the first time from Bousigonia angustifolia, and they could be constructed through Friedel–Crafts and free radical reactions, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Bao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China
- Kunming Institute of Botany
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Kunming 650201
- China
| | - Jing-Song Lu
- Dongzhimen Hospital
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
- Beijing 100700
- China
| | - Jing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China
- Kunming Institute of Botany
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Kunming 650201
- China
| | - Mei-Fen Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China
- Kunming Institute of Botany
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Kunming 650201
- China
| | - Xiang-Hai Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China
- Kunming Institute of Botany
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Kunming 650201
- China
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