1
|
Chutia A, Arandhara PJ, Saikia AK. Synthesis of Highly π-Extended Dihydrobenzo[ a]indenocarbazole Scaffolds via Tandem Benzannulation and Friedel-Crafts Reaction of 2-Alkynylanilines and 2-Alkynylbenzaldehydes Promoted by Lewis Acid. J Org Chem 2024; 89:11542-11557. [PMID: 39054636 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c01245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
A novel and efficient tandem protocol for the swift synthesis of dihydrobenzo[a]indenocarbazole frameworks from 2-alkynylanilines and 2-alkynylbenzaldehydes via BF3·OEt2-facilitated benzannulation and Friedel-Crafts reaction has been described. This innovative approach accommodates a wide array of functional groups, offering a myriad of diversified carbazole products. Later, postsynthetic modification leads to its C(sp3)-H hydroxylation. Furthermore, the photophysical properties of some selected synthesized moieties have been meticulously investigated, promising exciting avenues for further exploration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Archana Chutia
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Pallav Jyoti Arandhara
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Anil K Saikia
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Parui N, Mandal T, Maiti S, Dash J. Efficient Synthesis of Cyclohepta[b]indoles and Cyclohepta[b]indole-Indoline Conjugates via RCM, Hydrogenation, and Acid-Catalyzed Ring Expansion: A Biomimetic Approach. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401059. [PMID: 38623002 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Cyclohepta[b]indoles, prevalent in natural products and pharmaceuticals, are conventionally accessed via metal or Lewis acid-mediated cycloadditions with prefunctionalized substrates. Our study introduces an innovative sequential catalytic assembly for synthesizing cyclohepta[b]indoles from readily available isatin derivatives. The process involves three catalytic sequences: ring-closing metathesis, catalytic hydrogenation, and acid-catalyzed ring expansion. The RCM of 2,2-dialkene-3-oxindoles, formed by butenyl Grignard addition to 3-allyl-3-hydroxy-2-oxindoles, yields versatile spirocyclohexene-3-oxindole derivatives. These derivatives undergo further transformations, including dibromination, dihydroxylation, epoxidation, Wacker oxidation at the double bond. Hydrogenation of spirocyclohexene-3-oxindole yields spirocyclohexane-3-oxindoles. Their subsequent acid-catalyzed ring expansion/aromatization, dependent on the acid catalyst, results in either cyclohepta[b]indoles or cyclohepta[b]indole-indoline conjugates, adding a unique synthetic dimension. The utility of this methodology is exemplified through the synthesis of an A-FABP inhibitor, showcasing its potential in pharmaceutical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nabin Parui
- School of chemical sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, 700032, Kolkata, India
| | - Tirtha Mandal
- School of chemical sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, 700032, Kolkata, India
| | - Sandip Maiti
- School of chemical sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, 700032, Kolkata, India
| | - Jyotirmayee Dash
- School of chemical sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, 700032, Kolkata, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zheng DY, Zhang T, Bai R, Li M, Gu Y. Modulating confinement space in metal-organic frameworks enables highly selective indole C3-formylation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:5715-5718. [PMID: 38739371 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc01629g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Here, Selective C3-formylation of indole was achieved under mild conditions using a metal-organic framework (MOF) catalyst. The confined reaction space within the MOF pores effectively suppressed undesired side reactions and promoted the formation of the targeted product by controlling the reaction pathway. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations corroborated the experimental observations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deng-Yue Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Tianjian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Rongxian Bai
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Minghao Li
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yanlong Gu
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xiang G, Wang Y, Lu L, Zhang X, Huang Q. Diversity-Oriented Synthesis of Indole-Fused Polycyclic Scaffolds via Rhodium-Catalyzed NH-Indole-Directed C-H Coupling of 2-Phenyl-1 H-indoles with Propargylic Alcohol Derivatives. J Org Chem 2024; 89:5589-5605. [PMID: 38576240 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Diversity-oriented synthesis strategy for the efficient assembly of indole-fused polycyclic scaffolds via rhodium-catalyzed NH-indole-directed C-H coupling with propargylic alcohol derivatives in a regioselective manner was developed. Five 2-phenyl-1H-indole-embedded core skeletons were synthesized. In particular, three different indole-fused exo-olefin-containing polycycles were realized, which may be manipulated for further chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guijiao Xiang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, P. R. China
| | - Yanqiao Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, P. R. China
| | - Leipeng Lu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, P. R. China
| | - Qiufeng Huang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mendogralo EY, Nesterova LY, Nasibullina ER, Shcherbakov RO, Tkachenko AG, Sidorov RY, Sukonnikov MA, Skvortsov DA, Uchuskin MG. The Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 2-(1 H-Indol-3-yl)quinazolin-4(3 H)-One Derivatives. Molecules 2023; 28:5348. [PMID: 37513221 PMCID: PMC10384628 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of many bacterial diseases remains a significant problem due to the increasing antibiotic resistance of their infectious agents. Among others, this is related to Staphylococcus aureus, especially methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In the present article, we report on antibacterial compounds with activity against both S. aureus and MRSA. A straightforward approach to 2-(1H-indol-3-yl)quinazolin-4(3H)-one and their analogues was developed. Their structural and functional relationships were also considered. The antimicrobial activity of the synthesized compounds against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv, S. aureus ATCC 25923, MRSA ATCC 43300, Candida albicans ATCC 10231, and their role in the inhibition of the biofilm formation of S. aureus were reported. 2-(5-Iodo-1H-indol-3-yl)quinazolin-4(3H)-one (3k) showed a low minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.98 μg/mL against MRSA. The synthesized compounds were assessed via molecular docking for their ability to bind long RSH (RelA/SpoT homolog) proteins using mycobacterial and streptococcal (p)ppGpp synthetase structures as models. The cytotoxic activity of some synthesized compounds was studied. Compounds 3c, f, g, k, r, and 3z displayed significant antiproliferative activities against all the cancer cell lines tested. Indolylquinazolinones 3b, 3e, and 3g showed a preferential suppression of the growth of rapidly dividing A549 cells compared to slower growing fibroblasts of non-tumor etiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Y Mendogralo
- Department of Chemistry, Perm State University, Bukireva St. 15, 614990 Perm, Russia
| | - Larisa Y Nesterova
- Department of Chemistry, Perm State University, Bukireva St. 15, 614990 Perm, Russia
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Goleva St. 13, 614081 Perm, Russia
| | | | - Roman O Shcherbakov
- Department of Chemistry, Perm State University, Bukireva St. 15, 614990 Perm, Russia
| | - Alexander G Tkachenko
- Department of Chemistry, Perm State University, Bukireva St. 15, 614990 Perm, Russia
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Goleva St. 13, 614081 Perm, Russia
| | - Roman Y Sidorov
- Department of Chemistry, Perm State University, Bukireva St. 15, 614990 Perm, Russia
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Goleva St. 13, 614081 Perm, Russia
| | - Maxim A Sukonnikov
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry A Skvortsov
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim G Uchuskin
- Department of Chemistry, Perm State University, Bukireva St. 15, 614990 Perm, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yin H, Wu Y, Jiang Y, Wang M, Wang S. Synthesis of Cyclohepta[ b]indoles and Furo[3,4- b]carbazoles from Indoles, Tertiary Propargylic Alcohols, and Activated Alkynes. Org Lett 2023; 25:3078-3082. [PMID: 37083483 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
A robust metal-free and environmentally friendly approach to cyclohepta[b]indole and furo[3,4-b]carbazole frameworks via a three-component reaction from indoles, tertiary propargylic alcohols, and activated alkynes is described. A probable mechanism was proposed on the basis of the isolation and characterization of a key intermediate of the reaction. A gram-scale reaction and product derivatizations were also performed to demonstrate the practicality of the developed methodology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiting Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Synthesis and Application of Medical Materials, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunjun Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Synthesis and Application of Medical Materials, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Synthesis and Application of Medical Materials, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, People's Republic of China
| | - Meifang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Synthesis and Application of Medical Materials, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoyin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Synthesis and Application of Medical Materials, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lu P, Zhuang W, Lu L, Liu A, Chen Y, Wu C, Zhang X, Huang Q. Chemodivergent Synthesis of Indeno[1,2- b]indoles and Isoindolo[2,1- a]indoles via Mn(III)-Mediated or Electrochemical Intramolecular Radical Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling. J Org Chem 2022; 87:10967-10981. [PMID: 35901234 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Chemodivergent synthesis of indeno[1,2-b]indoles and isoindolo[2,1-a]indoles from the same starting materials involving radical cross-dehydrogenative couplings have been developed. Mn(OAc)3·2H2O selectively promoted an intramolecular radical C-H/C-H dehydrogenative coupling reaction to provide indeno[1,2-b]indoles, while an intramolecular radical C-H/N-H dehydrogenative coupling reaction could proceed via electrochemistry to deliver isoindolo[2,1-a]indoles. Plausible mechanisms of the chemodivergent reactions were proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piao Lu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, PR China
| | - Weihui Zhuang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, PR China
| | - Leipeng Lu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, PR China
| | - Anyi Liu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, PR China
| | - Yixi Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, PR China
| | - Chenmeng Wu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, PR China
| | - Qiufeng Huang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nunewar S, Kumar S, Priyanka P, Girase P, Kanchupalli V. The solvent-controlled Rh(III)-catalyzed switchable [4+2] annulation of 2-arylIndoles with iodonium ylides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:6140-6143. [PMID: 35506915 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01386j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Highly selective and switchable [4+2] annulations of 2-arylindoles with iodonium ylides were achieved by performing solvent-controlled Rh(III)-catalyzed C-H activations. When using DCM as a solvent, the C-H functionalization of 2-arylindoles with iodonium ylides selectively delivered indolo[2,1-a]isoquinoline derivatives. In contrast, the same catalytic system with a polar HFIP solvent predominately provided benzo[a]carbazole moieties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saiprasad Nunewar
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad-500 037, Telangana, India.
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad-500 037, Telangana, India.
| | - Pendam Priyanka
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad-500 037, Telangana, India.
| | - Pradeep Girase
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad-500 037, Telangana, India.
| | - Vinaykumar Kanchupalli
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad-500 037, Telangana, India.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li B, Shen N, Wang K, Fan X, Zhang X. Rh(III)‐catalyzed Reaction of 2‐Aryl‐3‐acyl‐1H‐indoles with a‐Diazo Carbonyl Compounds: Synthesis of 5‐Carbonyl Substituted Benzo[a]carbazoles via [5 + 1] Annulation. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- Henan Normal University School of Environment jianshe road 46# 453007 Xinxiang CHINA
| | - Nana Shen
- Henan Normal University school of chemistry and chemical engineering CHINA
| | - Kelin Wang
- Henan Normal University school of chemistry and chemical engineering CHINA
| | - Xuesen Fan
- Henan Normal University school of chemistry and chemical engineering CHINA
| | - Xinying Zhang
- Henan Normal University school of chemistry and chemical engineering CHINA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Pan G, Lu L, Zhuang W, Huang Q. Synthesis of Indole-Fused Six-, Seven-, or Eight-Membered N,O-Heterocycles via Rhodium-Catalyzed NH-Indole-Directed C-H Acetoxylation/Hydrolysis/Annulation. J Org Chem 2021; 86:16753-16763. [PMID: 34756052 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We report herein the facile synthesis of indole-fused six-, seven-, or eight-membered N,O-heterocycles through rhodium-catalyzed C-H acetoxylation/hydrolysis/annulation. The notable features of this method include C-H acetoxylation using NH-indole as the intrinsic directing group, high functional group compatibility, and construction of indole-fused medium-sized rings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guoshuai Pan
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, P. R. China
| | - Leipeng Lu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, P. R. China
| | - Weihui Zhuang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, P. R. China
| | - Qiufeng Huang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, P. R. China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou, Fujian 35007, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bhat A, Tucker N, Lin JB, Grover H. Stereoselective copper-catalyzed heteroarene C-H functionalization/Michael-type annulation cascade with α-diazocarbonyls. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:10556-10559. [PMID: 34557880 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04590c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A stereoselective, copper-catalyzed, arene C(sp2)-H functionalization/Michael-type annulation reaction involving α-diazocarbonyl compounds has been developed. The method features low catalyst loadings, high yields, and excellent regio and stereoselectivity, in the synthesis of various heteroaromatic frameworks by employing indoles as the arene partner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aabid Bhat
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, A1B 3X7, Canada.
| | - Nathan Tucker
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, A1B 3X7, Canada.
| | - Jian-Bin Lin
- C-CART, CREAIT Network, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, A1B 3X7, Canada
| | - Huck Grover
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, A1B 3X7, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Rhodium-Catalyzed Oxidative Annulation of 2- or 7-Arylindoles with Alkenes/Alkynes Using Molecular Oxygen as the Sole Oxidant Enabled by Quaternary Ammonium Salt. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175329. [PMID: 34500762 PMCID: PMC8433977 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing an efficient catalytic system using molecular oxygen as the oxidant for rhodium-catalyzed cross-dehydrogenative coupling remains highly desirable. Herein, rhodium-catalyzed oxidative annulation of 2- or 7-phenyl-1H-indoles with alkenes or alkynes to assemble valuable 6H-isoindolo[2,1-a]indoles, pyrrolo[3,2,1-de]phenanthridines, or indolo[2,1-a]isoquinolines using the atmospheric pressure of air as the sole oxidant enabled by quaternary ammonium salt has been accomplished. Mechanistic studies provided evidence for the fast intramolecular aza-Michael reaction and aerobic reoxidation of Rh(I)/Rh(III), facilitated by the addition of quaternary ammonium salt.
Collapse
|
13
|
Chakraborty N, Dahiya A, Rakshit A, Modi A, Patel BK. An expedient route to tricyanovinylindoles and indolylmaleimides from o-alkynylanilines utilising DMSO as a one-carbon synthon. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:6847-6857. [PMID: 34318852 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01086g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A Pd(ii)/Cu(ii) catalysed domino synthesis of tricyanovinylindoles has been achieved using DMSO as a one-carbon synthon. The reaction proceeds via the construction of 2-aryl-3-formyl indole followed by sequential addition of malononitrile and a CN resulting in two C-C, one C[double bond, length as m-dash]C and one C-N bonds in the final product. Furthermore, post-synthetic modification results in the unprecedented formation of 4-cyano-3-indolylmaleimides. Photophysical studies of selected compounds show emission in the visible range.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Gierok
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie Technische Universität Dortmund 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Lars Benedix
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie Technische Universität Dortmund 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Martin Hiersemann
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie Technische Universität Dortmund 44227 Dortmund Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang X, He Z, Xu X, Zhao H, Pan Y, Li H, Xu L. Rh(III)‐catalyzed C6‐selective Acylmethylation and Carboxymethylation of 2‐Pyridones with Diazo Compounds. ChemCatChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202002016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Wang
- Department of Chemistry Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 P.R. China
| | - Zhongyu He
- Department of Chemistry Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 P.R. China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Chemistry Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 P.R. China
| | - Haoqiang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 P.R. China
| | - Yixiao Pan
- Department of Chemistry Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 P.R. China
| | - Huanrong Li
- Department of Chemistry Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 P.R. China
| | - Lijin Xu
- Department of Chemistry Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kumar S, Nunewar S, Oluguttula S, Nanduri S, Kanchupalli V. Recent advances in Rh(iii)/Ir(iii)-catalyzed C–H functionalization/annulation via carbene migratory insertion. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:1438-1458. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02309d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The review highlighted diverse annulations, including nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur heterocycles and carbocylizations via Rh(iii)/Ir(iii)-catalyzed C–H functionalization/annulation with various arene and carbene precursors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Kumar
- Department of Process Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- Hyderabad 500 037
- India
| | - Saiprasad Nunewar
- Department of Process Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- Hyderabad 500 037
- India
| | - Srilekha Oluguttula
- Department of Process Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- Hyderabad 500 037
- India
| | - Srinivas Nanduri
- Department of Process Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- Hyderabad 500 037
- India
| | - Vinaykumar Kanchupalli
- Department of Process Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- Hyderabad 500 037
- India
| |
Collapse
|