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Tsaftari VC, Tarara M, Tzanavaras PD, Tsogas GZ. A Novel Equipment-Free Paper-Based Fluorometric Method for the Analytical Determination of Quinine in Soft Drink Samples. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:s23115153. [PMID: 37299880 DOI: 10.3390/s23115153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A simple, equipment-free, direct fluorometric method, employing paper-based analytical devices (PADs) as sensors, for the selective determination of quinine (QN) is described herein. The suggested analytical method exploits the fluorescence emission of QN without any chemical reaction after the appropriate pH adjustment with nitric acid, at room temperature, on the surface of a paper device with the application of a UV lamp at 365 nm. The devices crafted had a low cost and were manufactured with chromatographic paper and wax barriers, and the analytical protocol followed was extremely easy for the analyst and required no laboratory instrumentation. According to the methodology, the user must place the sample on the detection area of the paper and read with a smartphone the fluorescence emitted by the QN molecules. Many chemical parameters were optimized, and a study of interfering ions present in soft drink samples was carried out. Additionally, the chemical stability of these paper devices was considered in various maintenance conditions with good results. The detection limit calculated as 3.3 S/N was 3.6 mg L-1, and the precision of the method was satisfactory, being from 3.1% (intra-day) to 8.8% (inter-day). Soft drink samples were successfully analyzed and compared with a fluorescence method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki C Tsaftari
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Tarara
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Paraskevas D Tzanavaras
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George Z Tsogas
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Lamarca RS, Silva JP, Varoni Dos Santos JP, Ayala-Durán SC, de Lima Gomes PCF. Modular 3D-printed fluorometer/photometer for determination of iron(ii), caffeine, and ciprofloxacin in pharmaceutical samples. RSC Adv 2023; 13:12050-12058. [PMID: 37077256 PMCID: PMC10108832 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01281f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The demand for the development of portable and low-cost analytical devices has encouraged studies employing additive manufacturing techniques, such as 3D-printing. This method can be used to produce components such as printed electrodes, photometers, and fluorometers for low-cost systems that provide advantages including low sample volume, reduced chemical waste, and easy coupling with LED-based optics and other instrumental devices. In the present work, a modular 3D-printed fluorometer/photometer was designed and applied for the determination of caffeine (CAF), ciprofloxacin (CIP), and Fe(ii) in pharmaceutical samples. All the plastic parts were printed separately by a 3D printer, using Tritan as the plastic material (black color). The final size of the modular 3D-printed device was 12 × 8 cm. The radiation sources were light-emitting diodes (LEDs), while a light dependent resistor (LDR) was used as a photodetector. The analytical curves obtained for the device were: y = 3.00 × 10-4 [CAF] + 1.00 and R 2 = 0.987 for caffeine; y = 6.90 × 10-3 [CIP] - 3.39 × 10-2 and R 2 = 0.991 for ciprofloxacin; and y = 1.12 × 10-1 [Fe(ii)] + 1.26 × 10-2 and R 2 = 0.998 for iron(ii). The results obtained using the developed device were compared with reference methods, with no statistically significant differences observed. The 3D-printed device was composed of moveable parts, providing flexibility for adaptation and application as a photometer or fluorometer, by only switching the photodetector position. The LED could also be easily switched, permitting application of the device for different purposes. The cost of the device, including the printing and electronic components, was lower than US$10. The use of 3D-printing enables the development of portable instruments for use in remote locations with a lack of research resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Silva Lamarca
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Inorganic Chemistry, National Institute for Alternative Technologies of Detection, Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactives (INCT-DATREM), Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP) Araraquara São Paulo 14800-060 Brazil
| | - João Pedro Silva
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Inorganic Chemistry, National Institute for Alternative Technologies of Detection, Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactives (INCT-DATREM), Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP) Araraquara São Paulo 14800-060 Brazil
| | - João Paulo Varoni Dos Santos
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Inorganic Chemistry, National Institute for Alternative Technologies of Detection, Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactives (INCT-DATREM), Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP) Araraquara São Paulo 14800-060 Brazil
| | - Saidy Cristina Ayala-Durán
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Inorganic Chemistry, National Institute for Alternative Technologies of Detection, Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactives (INCT-DATREM), Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP) Araraquara São Paulo 14800-060 Brazil
| | - Paulo Clairmont Feitosa de Lima Gomes
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Inorganic Chemistry, National Institute for Alternative Technologies of Detection, Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactives (INCT-DATREM), Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP) Araraquara São Paulo 14800-060 Brazil
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Dazat RE, Vidal E, Lorenzetti AS, García CD, Domini C, Silva MF, Gomez FJV. On‐Site Preparation of Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents Using Solar Energy. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202104362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Elia Dazat
- Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza (IBAM-CONICET) Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad Nacional de Cuyo Almirante Brown 500 Chacras de Coria Mendoza Argentina
| | - Ezequiel Vidal
- INQUISUR Departamento de Química Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-CONICET Av. Alem 1253 8000 Bahía Blanca Argentina
| | - Anabela S. Lorenzetti
- Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza (IBAM-CONICET) Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad Nacional de Cuyo Almirante Brown 500 Chacras de Coria Mendoza Argentina
- Departamento de Química Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) Av. Alem 1253 8000 Bahía Blanca Argentina
| | - Carlos D. García
- Department of Chemistry Clemson University, 211 S. Palmetto Blvd. Clemson SC 29634 USA
| | - Claudia Domini
- INQUISUR Departamento de Química Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-CONICET Av. Alem 1253 8000 Bahía Blanca Argentina
| | - María F. Silva
- Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza (IBAM-CONICET) Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad Nacional de Cuyo Almirante Brown 500 Chacras de Coria Mendoza Argentina
| | - Federico J. V. Gomez
- Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza (IBAM-CONICET) Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad Nacional de Cuyo Almirante Brown 500 Chacras de Coria Mendoza Argentina
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Chen S, Yun SN, Liu Y, Yu R, Tu Q, Wang J, Yuan MS. A highly selective and sensitive CdS fluorescent quantum dot for the simultaneous detection of multiple pesticides. Analyst 2022; 147:3258-3265. [DOI: 10.1039/d2an00575a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We presented one-pot prepared CdS fluorescent quantum dots (QDs) which can sensitively and selectively detect three different organic pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Chen
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Na Yun
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Yujiao Liu
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Ruijin Yu
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Qin Tu
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Jinyi Wang
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Mao-Sen Yuan
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
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Uriarte D, Vidal E, Canals A, Domini CE, Garrido M. Simple-to-use and portable device for free chlorine determination based on microwave-assisted synthesized carbon dots and smartphone images. Talanta 2021; 229:122298. [PMID: 33838783 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A new portable and simple 3D printed device was designed for free chlorine determination in water samples. The analytical method was based on the quenching caused by free chlorine on the fluorescence emission of the carbon dots (CD) synthesized from citric acid and urea. The fluorescence was captured through the camera of a smartphone, which was coupled to the 3D printed device, and the images were processed using the RGB system by the ImageJ 1.51q software. The proposed method was selective and precise (RSD% 4.6, for n = 6), and the trueness of the results was evaluated by comparing the results obtained with those recovered by the spectrophotometric method 4500-Cl G (standard method), with good agreement between them. Moreover, the remarkable correlation between the CD signal and the free chlorine concentration resulted in a determination with low detection limits (limit of detection of 6 μg L-1 and limit of quantification of 20 μg L-1). Therefore, the new method and the related portable device could be considered a fast, economical and reliable alternative for the on-site determination of free chlorine in water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Uriarte
- INQUISUR, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional Del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, Av. Alem 1253, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - E Vidal
- INQUISUR, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional Del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, Av. Alem 1253, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - A Canals
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Instituto Universitario de Materiales, Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, 03080, Alicante, Spain
| | - C E Domini
- INQUISUR, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional Del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, Av. Alem 1253, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
| | - M Garrido
- INQUISUR, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional Del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, Av. Alem 1253, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
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Ayres LB, Lopes FS, Garcia CD, Gutz IGR. Integrated instrumental analysis teaching platform with smartphone-operated fluorometer. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 12:4109-4115. [PMID: 32744541 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay01147a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The present work describes an Integrated Teaching Tool (ITT) to facilitate the learning process in analytical chemistry. The first instrument integrated in the platform to demonstrate the concept is a wireless, portable fluorometer, produced by 3D printing. The low-cost instrument features a Teensy 3.1 board as the microcontroller, a high-power UV-LED, a secondary filter, a photodiode, and simple auxiliary electronic circuits. Modules of the ITT app were designed to manage the instrument and perform data acquisition remotely from any Android smartphone via Bluetooth, plot and transmit the results. Supporting the educational purpose of the platform, examples of basic concepts about fluorescence as well as technical information about the instrument are also provided to be considered for the app, which also allows instructors to assist and evaluate students through push notifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas B Ayres
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, USA
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