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Srivatsa S, Tokarz W, Przewoźnik J, Strączek T, Grabowski K, Rutkowski P, Uhl T, Kulawik J, Kata D, Madej D, Lis J, Kapusta C. Temperature Evolution of Composition, Thermal, Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Ti 3C 2T x-MXene. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2199. [PMID: 38793266 PMCID: PMC11122809 DOI: 10.3390/ma17102199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
MXenes are a family of two-dimensional nanomaterials. Titanium carbide MXene (Ti3C2Tx-MXene), reported in 2011, is the first inorganic compound reported among the MXene family. In the present work, we report on the study of the composition and various physical properties of Ti3C2Tx-MXene nanomaterial, as well as their temperature evolution, to consider MXenes for space applications. X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis and mass spectroscopy measurements confirmed the structure and terminating groups of the MXene surface, revealing a predominant single OH layer character. The temperature dependence of the specific heat shows a Debye-like character in the measured range of 2 K-300 K with a linear part below 10 K, characteristic of conduction electrons of metallic materials. The electron density of states (DOS) calculations for Ti3C2OH-MXene reveal a significant DOS value at the Fermi level, with a large slope, confirming its metallic character, which is consistent with the experimental findings. The temperature dependence of electrical resistivity of the MXene samples was tested for a wide temperature range (3 K-350 K) and shows a decrease on lowering temperature with an upturn at low temperatures, where negative magnetoresistance is observed. The magnetoresistance versus field is approximately linear and increases its magnitude with decreasing temperature. The magnetization curves are straight lines with temperature-independent positive slopes, indicating Pauli paramagnetism due to conduction electrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreyas Srivatsa
- Space Technology Centre, AGH University of Krakow, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (S.S.); (K.G.); (T.U.)
| | - Waldemar Tokarz
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Krakow, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (J.P.); (C.K.)
| | - Janusz Przewoźnik
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Krakow, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (J.P.); (C.K.)
| | - Tomasz Strączek
- National Synchrotron Radiation Centre SOLARIS, Jagiellonian University, Czerwone Maki 98, 30-392 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Krzysztof Grabowski
- Space Technology Centre, AGH University of Krakow, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (S.S.); (K.G.); (T.U.)
- Department of Robotics and Mechatronics, AGH University of Krakow, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Paweł Rutkowski
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Krakow, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (P.R.); (D.K.); (D.M.); (J.L.)
| | - Tadeusz Uhl
- Space Technology Centre, AGH University of Krakow, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (S.S.); (K.G.); (T.U.)
- Department of Robotics and Mechatronics, AGH University of Krakow, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Jan Kulawik
- Kraków Division, Łukasiewicz Research Network—Institute of Microelectronics and Photonics, 30-701 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Dariusz Kata
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Krakow, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (P.R.); (D.K.); (D.M.); (J.L.)
| | - Dominika Madej
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Krakow, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (P.R.); (D.K.); (D.M.); (J.L.)
| | - Jerzy Lis
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Krakow, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (P.R.); (D.K.); (D.M.); (J.L.)
| | - Czesław Kapusta
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Krakow, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (J.P.); (C.K.)
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Srivatsa S, Sieber P, Hofer C, Robert A, Raorane S, Marciszko-Wiąckowska M, Grabowski K, Nayak MM, Chatzi E, Uhl T. Dynamic Response Study of Piezoresistive Ti 3C 2-MXene Sensor for Structural Impacts. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:8463. [PMID: 37896556 PMCID: PMC10611371 DOI: 10.3390/s23208463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
MXenes are a new family of two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials. They are inorganic compounds of metal carbides/nitrides/carbonitrides. Titanium carbide MXene (Ti3C2-MXene) was the first 2D nanomaterial reported in the MXene family in 2011. Owing to the good physical properties of Ti3C2-MXenes (e.g., conductivity, hydrophilicity, film-forming ability, elasticity) various applications in wearable sensors, energy harvesters, supercapacitors, electronic devices, etc., have been demonstrated. This paper presents the development of a piezoresistive Ti3C2-MXene sensor followed by experimental investigations of its dynamic response behavior when subjected to structural impacts. For the experimental investigations, an inclined ball impact test setup is constructed. Stainless steel balls of different masses and radii are used to apply repeatable impacts on a vertical cantilever plate. The Ti3C2-MXene sensor is attached to this cantilever plate along with a commercial piezoceramic sensor, and their responses for the structural impacts are compared. It is observed from the experiments that the average response times of the Ti3C2-MXene sensor and piezoceramic sensor are 1.28±0.24μs and 31.19±24.61μs, respectively. The fast response time of the Ti3C2-MXene sensor makes it a promising candidate for monitoring structural impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreyas Srivatsa
- Space Technology Centre, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
- Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Paul Sieber
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Céline Hofer
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - André Robert
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Siddhesh Raorane
- Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
- Department of Robotics and Mechatronics, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Krzysztof Grabowski
- Department of Robotics and Mechatronics, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - M. M. Nayak
- Centre for Nano Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012, India
| | - Eleni Chatzi
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tadeusz Uhl
- Space Technology Centre, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
- Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
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Idumah CI. MXene polymeric nanoarchitectures mechanical, deformation, and failure mechanism: A review. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2022.2114365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C. I. Idumah
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Polymer Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
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Tan D, Jiang C, Cao X, Sun N, Li Q, Bi S, Song J. Recent advances in MXene-based force sensors: a mini-review. RSC Adv 2021; 11:19169-19184. [PMID: 35478618 PMCID: PMC9033571 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra02857j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
As an emerging two-dimensional (2D) material, MXene has excellent conductivity and abundant surface functional groups. Its unique layered structure, large surface area, and prominent hydrophilicity show remarkable performances, which allow abundant possibilities to work as the sensing element alone or combined with other auxiliary materials. As a senior member of MXenes, Ti3C2Tx has shown great potential in the development of force sensors. The research development of force sensors based on Ti3C2Tx MXene is reviewed in this paper, presenting the advanced development of force sensors in various forms and summaring their current preparation strategies and characteristics. In addition, the corresponding challenges and prospects of the MXene-based sensors are also discussed for future research. As an emerging two-dimensional (2D) material, MXene has excellent conductivity and abundant surface functional groups.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongchen Tan
- Key Laboratory for Precision and Non-traditional Machining Technology of the Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Chengming Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Precision and Non-traditional Machining Technology of the Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Xuguang Cao
- Key Laboratory for Precision and Non-traditional Machining Technology of the Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Nan Sun
- Key Laboratory for Precision and Non-traditional Machining Technology of the Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Qikun Li
- Key Laboratory for Precision and Non-traditional Machining Technology of the Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Sheng Bi
- Key Laboratory for Precision and Non-traditional Machining Technology of the Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Jinhui Song
- Key Laboratory for Precision and Non-traditional Machining Technology of the Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
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Srivatsa S, Paćko P, Mishnaevsky L, Uhl T, Grabowski K. Deformation of Bioinspired MXene-Based Polymer Composites with Brick and Mortar Structures: A Computational Analysis. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E5189. [PMID: 33212967 PMCID: PMC7698512 DOI: 10.3390/ma13225189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the deformation behavior of MXene-based polymer composites with bioinspired brick and mortar structures is analyzed. MXene/Polymer nanocomposites are modeled at microscale for bioinspired configurations of nacre-mimetic brick-and-mortar assembly structure. MXenes (brick) with polymer matrix (mortar) are modeled using classical analytical methods and numerical methods based on finite elements (FE). The analytical methods provide less accurate estimation of elastic properties compared to the numerical one. MXene nanocomposite models analyzed with the FE method provide estimates of elastic constants in the same order of magnitude as literature-reported experimental results. Bioinspired design of MXene nanocomposites results in an effective increase of Young's modulus of the nanocomposite by 25.1% and strength (maximum stress capacity within elastic limits) enhanced by 42.3%. The brick and mortar structure of the nanocomposites leads to an interlocking mechanism between MXene fillers in the polymer matrix, resulting in effective load transfer, good strength, and damage resistance. This is demonstrated in this paper by numerical analysis of MXene nanocomposites subjected to quasi-static loads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreyas Srivatsa
- Academic Center for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Paweł Paćko
- Department of Robotics and Mechatronics, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Leon Mishnaevsky
- Department of Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark;
| | - Tadeusz Uhl
- Academic Center for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Krzysztof Grabowski
- Academic Center for Materials and Nanotechnology, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, Poland;
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