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Sohail U, Ullah F, Binti Zainal Arfan NH, Abdul Hamid MHS, Mahmood T, Sheikh NS, Ayub K. Transition Metal Sensing with Nitrogenated Holey Graphene: A First-Principles Investigation. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104060. [PMID: 37241800 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The toxicity of transition metals, including copper(II), manganese(II), iron(II), zinc(II), hexavalent chromium, and cobalt(II), at elevated concentrations presents a significant threat to living organisms. Thus, the development of efficient sensors capable of detecting these metals is of utmost importance. This study explores the utilization of two-dimensional nitrogenated holey graphene (C2N) nanosheet as a sensor for toxic transition metals. The C2N nanosheet's periodic shape and standard pore size render it well suited for adsorbing transition metals. The interaction energies between transition metals and C2N nanosheets were calculated in both gas and solvent phases and were found to primarily result from physisorption, except for manganese and iron which exhibited chemisorption. To assess the interactions, we employed NCI, SAPT0, and QTAIM analyses, as well as FMO and NBO analysis, to examine the electronic properties of the TM@C2N system. Our results indicated that the adsorption of copper and chromium significantly reduced the HOMO-LUMO energy gap of C2N and significantly increased its electrical conductivity, confirming the high sensitivity of C2N towards copper and chromium. The sensitivity test further confirmed the superior sensitivity and selectivity of C2N towards copper. These findings offer valuable insight into the design and development of sensors for the detection of toxic transition metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uroosa Sohail
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Faizan Ullah
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Tariq Mahmood
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Isa Town 32038, Bahrain
| | - Nadeem S Sheikh
- Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei
| | - Khurshid Ayub
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
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Asghar M, Lakhani A, Asif M, Sheikh NS, Hashmi MA, Ludwig R, Hammud HH, Ayub K. Chiral Recognition of Amino Acids Using CC2 Porous Organic Cages. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:4245-4258. [PMID: 37155274 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c08859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Enantiomers have the same physical properties but different chemical properties due to the difference in the orientation of groups in space and thus Chiral discrimination is quite necessary, as an enantiomer of drug can have lethal effects. In this study, we used the CC2 cage for chiral discrimination of amino acids using density functional theory. The results indicated the physisorption of amino acids in the central cavity of the cage. Among the four selected amino acids, proline showed maximum interactions with the cage and maximum chiral discrimination energy is also observed in the case of proline that is 2.78 kcal/mol. Quantum theory of atoms in molecules and noncovalent interaction index analyses showed that the S enantiomer in each case has maximum interactions. The charge transfer between the analyte and surface is further studied through natural bond orbital analysis. It showed sensitivity of cage for both enantiomers, but a more pronounced effect is seen for S enantiomers. In frontier molecular orbital analysis, the least EH-L gap is observed in the case of R proline with a maximum charge transfer of -0.24 e-. Electron density difference analysis is carried out to analyze the pattern of the charge distribution. The partial density of state analysis is computed to understand the contribution of each enantiomer in overall density of the complexes. Our results show that S-CC2 porous organic cages have a good ability to differentiate between two enantiomers. S-CC2 porous organic cages efficiently differentiated the S enantiomer from the R enantiomers of selected amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Asghar
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Abbottabad Campus, KPK, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Lakhani
- Department of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Calumet College of St. Joseph, 2400, New York Avenue, Whiting, Indiana 46394, United States
| | - Misbah Asif
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Abbottabad Campus, KPK, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Nadeem S Sheikh
- Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Muhammad Ali Hashmi
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science & Technology, University of Education, Lahore 54770, Pakistan
| | - Ralf Ludwig
- University of Rostock, Institute of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Albert-Einstein-Straße 27, Rostock 18059, Germany
- University of Rostock, Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, Department "Science and Technology of Life, Light and Matter", Rostock 18059, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Rostock 18059, Germany
| | - Hassan H Hammud
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khurshid Ayub
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Abbottabad Campus, KPK, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
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Hammud HH, Yar M, Bayach I, Ayub K. Covalent Triazine Framework C 6N 6 as an Electrochemical Sensor for Hydrogen-Containing Industrial Pollutants. A DFT Study. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1121. [PMID: 36986015 PMCID: PMC10053058 DOI: 10.3390/nano13061121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Industrial pollutants pose a serious threat to ecosystems. Hence, there is a need to search for new efficient sensor materials for the detection of pollutants. In the current study, we explored the electrochemical sensing potential of a C6N6 sheet for H-containing industrial pollutants (HCN, H2S, NH3 and PH3) through DFT simulations. The adsorption of industrial pollutants over C6N6 occurs through physisorption, with adsorption energies ranging from -9.36 kcal/mol to -16.46 kcal/mol. The non-covalent interactions of analyte@C6N6 complexes are quantified by symmetry adapted perturbation theory (SAPT0), quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) and non-covalent interaction (NCI) analyses. SAPT0 analyses show that electrostatic and dispersion forces play a dominant role in the stabilization of analytes over C6N6 sheets. Similarly, NCI and QTAIM analyses also verified the results of SAPT0 and interaction energy analyses. The electronic properties of analyte@C6N6 complexes are investigated by electron density difference (EDD), natural bond orbital analyses (NBO) and frontier molecular orbital analyses (FMO). Charge is transferred from the C6N6 sheet to HCN, H2S, NH3 and PH3. The highest exchange of charge is noted for H2S (-0.026 e-). The results of FMO analyses show that the interaction of all analytes results in changes in the EH-L gap of the C6N6 sheet. However, the highest decrease in the EH-L gap (2.58 eV) is observed for the NH3@C6N6 complex among all studied analyte@C6N6 complexes. The orbital density pattern shows that the HOMO density is completely concentrated on NH3, while the LUMO density is centred on the C6N6 surface. Such a type of electronic transition results in a significant change in the EH-L gap. Thus, it is concluded that C6N6 is highly selective towards NH3 compared to the other studied analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan H. Hammud
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Yar
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, KPK, Islamabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Imene Bayach
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khurshid Ayub
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, KPK, Islamabad 22060, Pakistan
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Al-Faiyz YSS, Sarfaraz S, Yar M, Munsif S, Khan AA, Amin B, Sheikh NS, Ayub K. Efficient Detection of Nerve Agents through Carbon Nitride Quantum Dots: A DFT Approach. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:251. [PMID: 36678006 PMCID: PMC9864457 DOI: 10.3390/nano13020251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
V-series nerve agents are very lethal to health and cause the inactivation of acetylcholinesterase which leads to neuromuscular paralysis and, finally, death. Therefore, rapid detection and elimination of V-series nerve agents are very important. Herein, we have carried out a theoretical investigation of carbon nitride quantum dots (C2N) as an electrochemical sensor for the detection of V-series nerve agents, including VX, VS, VE, VG, and VM. Adsorption of V-series nerve agents on C2N quantum dots is explored at M05-2X/6-31++G(d,p) level of theory. The level of theory chosen is quite adequate in systems describing non-bonding interactions. The adsorption behavior of nerve agents is characterized by interaction energy, non-covalent interaction (NCI), Bader's quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM), frontier molecular orbital (FMO), electron density difference (EDD), and charge transfer analysis. The computed adsorption energies of the studied complexes are in the range of -12.93 to -17.81 kcal/mol, which indicates the nerve agents are physiosorbed onto C2N surface through non-covalent interactions. The non-covalent interactions between V-series and C2N are confirmed through NCI and QTAIM analysis. EDD analysis is carried out to understand electron density shifting, which is further validated by natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis. FMO analysis is used to estimate the changes in energy gap of C2N on complexation through HOMO-LUMO energies. These findings suggest that C2N surface is highly selective toward VX, and it might be a promising candidate for the detection of V-series nerve agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasair S. S. Al-Faiyz
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sehrish Sarfaraz
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yar
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Sajida Munsif
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Ali Khan
- Centre for Computational Materials Science, University of Malakand, Chakdara 18800, Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara 18800, Pakistan
| | - Bin Amin
- Department of Physics, Abbottabad University of Science & Technology, Abbottabad 22010, Pakistan
| | - Nadeem S. Sheikh
- Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei
| | - Khurshid Ayub
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
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5
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Alkhalifah MA, Yar M, Bayach I, Sheikh NS, Ayub K. Covalent Organic Framework (C 6N 6) as a Drug Delivery Platform for Fluorouracil to Treat Cancerous Cells: A DFT Study. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7425. [PMID: 36363017 PMCID: PMC9654209 DOI: 10.3390/ma15217425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Continuous studies are being carried out to explore new methods and carrier surfaces for target drug delivery. Herein, we report the covalent triazine framework C6N6 as a drug delivery carrier for fluorouracil (FU) and nitrosourea (NU) anti-cancer drugs. FU and NU are physiosorbed on C6N6 with adsorption energies of -28.14 kcal/mol and -27.54 kcal/mol, respectively. The outcomes of the non-covalent index (NCI) and quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) analyses reveal that the FU@C6N6 and NU@C6N6 complexes were stabilized through van der Waals interactions. Natural bond order (NBO) and electron density difference (EDD) analyses show an appreciable charge transfer from the drug and carrier. The FU@C6N6 complex had a higher charge transfer (-0.16 e-) compared to the NU@C6N6 complex (-0.02 e-). Frontier molecular orbital (FMO) analysis reveals that the adsorption of FU on C6N6 caused a more pronounced decrease in the HOMO-LUMO gap (EH-L) compared to that of NU. The results of the FMO analysis are consistent with the NBO and EDD analyses. The drug release mechanism was studied through dipole moments and pH effects. The highest decrease in adsorption energy was observed for the FU@C6N6 complex in an acidic medium, which indicates that FU can easily be off-loaded from the carrier (C6N6) to a target site because the cancerous cells have a low pH compared to a normal cell. Thus, it may be concluded that C6N6 possesses the therapeutic potential to act as a nanocarrier for FU to treat cancer. Furthermore, the current study will also provide motivation to the scientific community to explore new surfaces for drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A. Alkhalifah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Yar
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Imene Bayach
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadeem S. Sheikh
- Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei
| | - Khurshid Ayub
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, KPK, Pakistan
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6
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Sattar N, Sajid H, Tabassum S, Ayub K, Mahmood T, Gilani MA. Potential sensing of toxic chemical warfare agents (CWAs) by twisted nanographenes: A first principle approach. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 824:153858. [PMID: 35176369 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The toxic chemical warfare agents (CWAs) are extremely harmful to the living organisms. Their efficient detection and removal in a limited time span are essential for the human health and environmental security. Twisted nanographenes have great applications in the fields of energy storage and optoelectronics, but their use as sensors is rarely described. Therefore, we have explored the sensitivity and selectivity of twisted nanographene analogues (C32H16, C64H32) towards selected toxic CWAs, including phosgene, thiophosgene and formaldehyde. The interaction between CWAs and twisted nanographenes is mainly interpreted by considering the optimized geometries, adsorption energies, natural bond orbital (NBO), frontier molecular orbital (FMO), non-covalent interaction (NCI) and quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) analyses. The structural geometries show that the central octagon of twisted nanographenes is the most favorable site of interaction. The interaction energies reveal the physisorption of selected CWAs on tNGs surface. The average energy gap change (%EH-La) and % sensitivity are quantitatively determined to evaluate the sensing capability of the twisted nanographenes. Among the selected CWAs molecules, the sensitivity of tNG analogues (C32H16 and C64H32) is superior towards thiophosgene (ThP), which is revealed by the high interaction energies of -8.19 and - 12.17 kcal/mol, respectively. This theoretical study will help experimentalists to devise novel sensors based on twisted nanographenes for the detection of toxic CWAs which may also work efficiently under the humid conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naila Sattar
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore 54600, Pakistan
| | - Hasnain Sajid
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Sobia Tabassum
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM), COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore 54600, Pakistan
| | - Khurshid Ayub
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Mahmood
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan; Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Bahrain, P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain
| | - Mazhar Amjad Gilani
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore 54600, Pakistan.
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7
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Sajid H, Khan S, Ayub K, Amjad Gilani M, Mahmood T, Farooq U, Akhter MS. Ab initio study for superior sensitivity of graphyne nanoflake towards nitrogen halides over ammonia. J Mol Model 2022; 28:161. [PMID: 35597854 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-022-05159-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Graphyne (GYN) has received immense attention in gas adsorption applications due to its large surface area. The adsorption of toxic ammonia and nitrogen halides gaseous molecules on graphyne has been theoretically studied at ωB97XD/6-31 + G(d, p) level of DFT. The counterpoise corrected interaction energies of NH3, NF3, NCl3, and NBr3 molecules with GYN are - 4.73, - 2.27, - 5.22, and - 7.19 kcal mol-1, respectively. Symmetry-adapted perturbation theory (SAPT0) and noncovalent interaction index (NCI) reveal that the noncovalent interaction between analytes and GYN is dominated by dispersion forces. The significant change in electronic behavior, i.e., energies of HOMO and LUMO orbitals and NBO charge transfer correspond to the pronounced sensitivity of GYN towards considered analytes, especially NBr3. Finally, TD-DFT calculation reveals a decrease in electronic transition energies and shifting of adsorption to a longer wavelength. The recovery time for NX3@GYN is observed in nanoseconds, which is many orders of magnitude smaller than the reported systems. The recovery time is further decreased with increasing temperature, indicating that the GYN benefits from a short recovery time as a chemical sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasnain Sajid
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Sidra Khan
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Khurshid Ayub
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Mazhar Amjad Gilani
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Mahmood
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan. .,Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Bahrain, P. O. Box 32038, Zallaq, Bahrain.
| | - Umar Farooq
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Mohammed Salim Akhter
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Bahrain, P. O. Box 32038, Zallaq, Bahrain
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8
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Sarfaraz S, Yar M, Ali Khan A, Ahmad R, Ayub K. DFT investigation of adsorption of nitro-explosives over C2N surface: Highly selective towards trinitro benzene. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.118652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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9
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Asif M, Sajid H, Ayub K, Khan AA, Ahmad R, Ans M, Mahmood T. Nano-porous C 4N as a toxic pesticide's scavenger: A quantum chemical approach. J Mol Graph Model 2021; 111:108078. [PMID: 34826716 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2021.108078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The sensing affinity of C4N is the most fascinating topic of research due to its excellent chemical and electronic properties. Moreover, owing to the highly active porous cavity, C4N can easily accommodate foreign molecules. Herein, we studied the adsorption properties of carbamate insecticides (CMs) namely, Dimetalin (DMT), Carbanolate (CBT), Isolan (ISO) and Propoxur (PRO) using density functional theory calculations. All the results are calculated at widely accepted ωB97XD functional along with 6-31G(d, p) basis set. The calculated counterpoise corrected interaction energy of the reported complexes ranges between -20.05 and -27.04 kcal/mol, however, the interaction distances are found to be higher than 2.00 Å. The values of interacting parameters depict that the carbamate molecules are physisorbed via noncovalent interactions that can easily be reversible. Moreover, the binding of selected insecticides notably changes the electronic structure of C4N. The electronic changes are characterized by the energies of HOMO & LUMO, their energy gaps and CHELPG charge transfer. The charge density difference between C4N surface and carbamate pesticides are characterized by EDD and CDA analysis. Moreover, the ab initio molecular dynamic study reveals that the complexes are stable even at 500 K. The photochemical sensing properties of C4N are estimated by time dependent UV-Vis calculations. The high sensitivity of C4N towards considered analytes enable it to act as a promising sensor for toxic pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misbah Asif
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Hasnain Sajid
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Khurshid Ayub
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Ali Khan
- Center for Computational Materials Science, University of Malakand, Pakistan; Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Pakistan
| | - Rashid Ahmad
- Center for Computational Materials Science, University of Malakand, Pakistan; Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ans
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Mahmood
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan; Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Bahrain, P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain.
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Asif M, Sajid H, Kosar N, Mahmood T. Effect of fluorination on the adsorption properties of aromatic heterocycles toward methyl halides: A quantum chemical study. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2021.113394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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11
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Wang X, Yong Y, Yang W, Zhang A, Xie X, Zhu P, Kuang Y. Adsorption, Gas-Sensing, and Optical Properties of Molecules on a Diazine Monolayer: A First-Principles Study. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:11418-11426. [PMID: 34056297 PMCID: PMC8153939 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c00432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Using first-principles calculations, the structural, electronic, and optical properties of CO2, CO, N2O, CH4, H2, N2, O2, NH3, acetone, and ethanol molecules adsorbed on a diazine monolayer were studied to develop the application potential of the diazine monolayer as a room-temperature gas sensor for detecting acetone, ethanol, and NH3. We found that these molecules are all physically adsorbed on the diazine monolayer with weak adsorption strength and charge transfer between the molecules and the monolayer, but the physisorption of only NH3, acetone, and ethanol remarkably modified the electronic properties of the diazine monolayer, especially for the obvious change in electric conductivity, showing that the diazine monolayer is highly sensitive to acetone, NH3, and ethanol. Further, the adsorption of NH3, acetone, and ethanol molecules remarkably modifies, in varying degrees, the optical properties of the diazine monolayer, such as work function, absorption coefficient, and the reflectivity, whereas adsorption of other molecules has infinitesimal influence. The different adsorption behaviors and influences of the electronic and optical properties of molecules on the monolayer show that the diazine monolayer has high selectivity to NH3, acetone, and ethanol. The recovery time of NH3, acetone, and ethanol molecules is, respectively, 1.2 μs, 7.7 μs, and 0.11 ms at 300 K. Thus, the diazine monolayer has a high application potential as a room-temperature acetone, ethanol, and NH3 sensor with high performance (high selectivity and sensitivity, and rapid recovery time).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiao Wang
- School
of Physics and Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Photoelectric
Energy Storage Materials and Applications, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Yongliang Yong
- School
of Physics and Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Photoelectric
Energy Storage Materials and Applications, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
- Provincial
and Ministerial Co-construction of Collaborative Innovation Center
for Non-ferrous Metal New Materials and Advanced Processing Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Wenwen Yang
- School
of Physics and Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Photoelectric
Energy Storage Materials and Applications, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Aodi Zhang
- School
of Physics and Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Photoelectric
Energy Storage Materials and Applications, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Xiangyi Xie
- School
of Physics and Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Photoelectric
Energy Storage Materials and Applications, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Peng Zhu
- School
of Physics and Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Photoelectric
Energy Storage Materials and Applications, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Yanmin Kuang
- Institute
of Photobiophysics, School of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
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Asif M, Sajid H, Ullah F, Khan S, Ayub K, Amjad Gilani M, Arshad M, Salim Akhter M, Mahmood T. Quantum chemical study on sensing of NH3, NF3, NCl3 and NBr3 by using cyclic tetrapyrrole. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2021.113221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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13
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Baloach R, Ayub K, Mahmood T, Asif A, Tabassum S, Gilani MA. A New Strategy of bi-Alkali Metal Doping to Design Boron Phosphide Nanocages of High Nonlinear Optical Response with Better Thermodynamic Stability. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-021-02000-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Chaughtai Z, Hashmi MA, Yar M, Ayub K. Electronic structure of polypyrrole composited with a low percentage of graphene nanofiller. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:8557-8570. [PMID: 33876018 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03258a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The low concentration of graphene (<5%) in graphene/polypyrrole composites makes it quite challenging to devise a theoretical model for these composites. Thus, herein, we present theoretical calculations to determine the geometric electronic and optical properties of graphene/polypyrrole composites. Ribbon and sheet models of various sizes were considered for graphene. Oligopyrrole of various lengths was deposited in the graphene model in different orientations including π-stacking, tilted and vertical orientations. Theoretical calculations at the M062X/def2-SVP level revealed that π-stacking is the preferred orientation. To model a lower concentration of graphene, sandwich complexes of oligopyrrole were considered with graphene nanoribbons. Interaction energies revealed that sandwich complexes possessed superior additivity. The NCI analysis established that weak van der Waals interactions existed in all composites. Moreover, the HOMO-LUMO gap decreases as the concentration of graphene increases. Thus, the computed optical band gap of the C58H24-based composite is about 1.7 eV, which is consistent with the reported experimental value (2.1-1.81 eV). The computed band gap further decreases to ∼1.6 eV when the proportion of graphene increases to C64H26. Thus, our results for the graphene nanoribbon-based polypyrrole composites are in good agreement with experimental results. The UV/visible spectra revealed that as the concentration of graphene increases, a red shift is observed for all the configurations, which is consistent with experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulqarnain Chaughtai
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Abbottabad Campus, KPK, 22060, Pakistan.
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15
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Khan AU, Khera RA, Anjum N, Shehzad RA, Iqbal S, Ayub K, Iqbal J. DFT study of superhalogen and superalkali doped graphitic carbon nitride and its non-linear optical properties. RSC Adv 2021; 11:7779-7789. [PMID: 35423340 PMCID: PMC8695095 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08608h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
DFT calculations are carried out to investigate nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of superhalogen (BCl4) and superalkali (NLi4) doped graphitic carbon nitride (GCN). It is noted that the geometries of doped GCN are sufficiently stable. The energy gap for GCN is 3.89 and it reduces to 0.53 eV in our designed molecule G4. Change in the dipole and transition dipole moment is observed along with small transition energies which are responsible for higher hyperpolarizabilities. Doped GCN has larger first and second hyperpolarizabilities which are basic requirements for NLO response. The second hyperpolarizability of GCN enhances from 1.59 × 104 to 2.53 × 108 au when doping with BCl4 and NLi4. TD-DFT calculations show the absorption maxima of doped GCN range from 700 nm to 1350 nm. EDDM analysis provides information on electronic distribution from excited to ground state. All these consequences show doped GCN can be a promising NLO material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmat Ullah Khan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad-38000 Pakistan
| | - Rasheed Ahmad Khera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad-38000 Pakistan
| | - Naveed Anjum
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad-38000 Pakistan
| | - Rao Aqil Shehzad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad-38000 Pakistan
| | - Saleem Iqbal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Wah Engineering College, University of Wah Wah Cantt 47040 Pakistan
| | - Khurshid Ayub
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Abbottabad Campus Islamabad KPK 22060 Pakistan
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad-38000 Pakistan
- Punjab Bio-energy Institute, University of Agriculture Faisalabad-38000 Pakistan
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16
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First-principles study for exploring the adsorption behavior of G-series nerve agents on graphdyine surface. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2020.113043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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17
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Yar M, Bilal Shah A, Hashmi MA, Ayub K. Selective detection and removal of picric acid by C 2N surface from a mixture of nitro-explosives. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj03752d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Nitro-explosives are a severe threat to the environment; therefore, detection and removal of nitro-explosives is the need of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Yar
- Department of Chemistry
- COMSATS University
- Pakistan
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