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Laysandra L, Rusli RA, Chen YW, Chen SJ, Yeh YW, Tsai TL, Huang JH, Chuang KS, Njotoprajitno A, Chiu YC. Elastic and Self-Healing Copolymer Coatings with Antimicrobial Function. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:25194-25209. [PMID: 38684227 PMCID: PMC11103657 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The revolutionary self-healing function for long-term and safe service processes has inspired researchers to implement them in various fields, including in the application of antimicrobial protective coatings. Despite the great advances that have been made in the field of fabricating self-healing and antimicrobial polymers, their poor transparency and the trade-off between the mechanical and self-healing properties limit the utility of the materials as transparent antimicrobial protective coatings for wearable optical and display devices. Considering the compatibility in the blending process, our group proposed a self-healing, self-cross-linkable poly{(n-butyl acrylate)-co-[N-(hydroxymethyl)acrylamide]} copolymer (AP)-based protective coating combined with two types of commercial cationic antimicrobial agents (i.e., dimethyl octadecyl (3-trimethoxysilylpropyl) ammonium chloride (DTSACL) and chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG)), leading to the fabrication of a multifunctional modified compound film of (AP/b%CHG)-grafted-a%DTSACL. The first highlight of this research is that the reactivity of the hydroxyl group in the N-(hydroxymethyl)acrylamide of the copolymer side chains under thermal conditions facilitates the "grafting to" process with the trimethoxysilane groups of DTSACL to form AP-grafted-DTSACL, yielding favorable thermal stability, improvement in hydrophobicity, and enhancement of mechanical strength. Second, we highlight that the addition of CHG can generate covalent and noncovalent interactions in a complex manner between the two biguanide groups of CHG with the AP and DTSACL via a thermal-triggered cross-linking reaction. The noncovalent interactions synergistically serve as diverse dynamic hydrogen bonds, leading to complete healing upon scratches and even showing over 80% self-healing efficiency on full-cut, while covalent bonding can effectively improve elasticity and mechanical strength. The soft nature of CHG also takes part in improving the self-healing of the copolymer. Moreover, it was discovered that the addition of CHG can enhance antimicrobial effectiveness, as demonstrated by the long-term superior antibacterial activity (100%) against Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria and the antifouling function on a glass substrate and/or a silica wafer coated by the modified polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livy Laysandra
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan
University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Randy Arthur Rusli
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan
University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Chen
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan
University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Ju Chen
- Taipei
Municipal Zhongshan Girls High School, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Wei Yeh
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Lin Tsai
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
- Department
of Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Hsiung Huang
- Department
of Green Material Technology, Green Technology
Research Institute, CPC Corporation, Kaohsiung City 811, Taiwan
| | - Kao-Shu Chuang
- Department
of Green Material Technology, Green Technology
Research Institute, CPC Corporation, Kaohsiung City 811, Taiwan
| | - Andreas Njotoprajitno
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan
University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Chiu
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan
University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
- Advanced
Research Center for Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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Dias LFG, Costa RC, Sacramento CM, Ruiz KGS, Barão VAR, Lisboa-Filho PN. Tailoring bisphosphonate-doped titanium films to optimally couple cellular responses and antibacterial activity for biomedical applications. Biointerphases 2024; 19:031002. [PMID: 38836787 DOI: 10.1116/6.0003611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Titanium (Ti) is widely utilized as an implant material; nonetheless, its integration with bone tissue faces limitations due to a patient's comorbidities. To address this challenge, we employed a strategic approach involving the growth of thin films by spin-coating and surface functionalization with etidronate (ETI), alendronate (ALE), and risedronate (RIS). Our methodology involved coating of Ti cp IV disks with thin films of TiO2, hydroxyapatite (HA), and their combinations (1:1 and 1:2 v/v), followed by surface functionalization with ETI, ALE, and RIS. Bisphosphonate-doped films were evaluated in terms of surface morphology and physical-chemical properties by techniques such as electron microscopy, confocal microscopy, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The antibacterial potential of bisphosphonates alone or functionalized onto the Ti surface was tested against Staphylococcus aureus biofilms. Primary human bone mesenchymal stem cells were used to determine in vitro cell metabolism and mineralization. Although RIS alone did not demonstrate any antibacterial effect as verified by minimum inhibitory concentration assay, when Ti surfaces were functionalized with RIS, partial inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus growth was noted, probably because of the physical-chemical surface properties. Furthermore, samples comprising TiO2/HA (1:1 and 1:2 v/v) showcased an enhancement in the metabolism of nondifferentiated cells and can potentially enhance the differentiation of osteoblastic precursors. All samples demonstrated cell viability higher than 80%. Addition of hydroxyapatite and presence of bisphosphonates increase the metabolic activity and the mineralization of human bone mesenchymal cells. While these findings hold promise, it is necessary to conduct further studies to evaluate the system's performance in vivo and ensure its long-term safety. This research marks a significant stride toward optimizing the efficacy of titanium implants through tailored surface modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo F G Dias
- School of Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru, São Paulo 17033360, Brazil
| | - Raphael C Costa
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Catharina M Sacramento
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Karina G S Ruiz
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Valentim A R Barão
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Paulo N Lisboa-Filho
- School of Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru, São Paulo 17033360, Brazil
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Borge-Durán I, Grinberg I, Vega-Baudrit JR, Nguyen MT, Pereira-Pinheiro M, Thiel K, Noeske PLM, Rischka K, Corrales-Ureña YR. Application of Poly-L-Lysine for Tailoring Graphene Oxide Mediated Contact Formation between Lithium Titanium Oxide LTO Surfaces for Batteries. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14112150. [PMID: 35683823 PMCID: PMC9182866 DOI: 10.3390/polym14112150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
When producing stable electrodes, polymeric binders are highly functional materials that are effective in dispersing lithium-based oxides such as Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) and carbon-based materials and establishing the conductivity of the multiphase composites. Nowadays, binders such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) are used, requiring dedicated recycling strategies due to their low biodegradability and use of toxic solvents to dissolve it. Better structuring of the carbon layers and a low amount of binder could reduce the number of inactive materials in the electrode. In this study, we use computational and experimental methods to explore the use of the poly amino acid poly-L-lysine (PLL) as a novel biodegradable binder that is placed directly between nanostructured LTO and reduced graphene oxide. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations allowed us to determine that the (111) surface is the most stable LTO surface exposed to lysine. We performed Kubo-Greenwood electrical conductivity (KGEC) calculations to determine the electrical conductivity values for the hybrid LTO-lysine-rGO system. We found that the presence of the lysine-based binder at the interface increased the conductivity of the interface by four-fold relative to LTO-rGO in a lysine monolayer configuration, while two-stack lysine molecules resulted in 0.3-fold (in the plane orientation) and 0.26-fold (out of plane orientation) increases. These outcomes suggest that monolayers of lysine would specifically favor the conductivity. Experimentally, the assembly of graphene oxide on poly-L-lysine-TiO2 with sputter-deposited titania as a smooth and hydrophilic model substrate was investigated using a layer-by-layer (LBL) approach to realize the required composite morphology. Characterization techniques such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the formed layers. Our experimental results show that thin layers of rGO were assembled on the TiO2 using PLL. Furthermore, the PLL adsorbates decrease the work function difference between the rGO- and the non-rGO-coated surface and increased the specific discharge capacity of the LTO-rGO composite material. Further experimental studies are necessary to determine the influence of the PLL for aspects such as the solid electrolyte interface, dendrite formation, and crack formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Borge-Durán
- Chemistry Department, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel;
- National Laboratory of Nanotechnology LANOTEC, National Center of High Technology (CeNAT-CONARE), 1174-1200, Calle Costa Rica, Pavas, San José 10109, Costa Rica;
- Correspondence: (I.B.-D.); (Y.R.C.-U.)
| | - Ilya Grinberg
- Chemistry Department, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel;
| | - José Roberto Vega-Baudrit
- National Laboratory of Nanotechnology LANOTEC, National Center of High Technology (CeNAT-CONARE), 1174-1200, Calle Costa Rica, Pavas, San José 10109, Costa Rica;
- Laboratorio de Polímeros (POLIUNA), Universidad Nacional, Avenida 1, Calle 9 Heredia 86 Heredia, Heredia 40101, Costa Rica
| | - Minh Tri Nguyen
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland;
| | - Marta Pereira-Pinheiro
- Adhesive Bonding Technology and Surfaces, Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials IFAM, Wiener Straße 12, 28359 Bremen, Germany; (M.P.); (K.T.); (P.-L.M.N.); (K.R.)
| | - Karsten Thiel
- Adhesive Bonding Technology and Surfaces, Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials IFAM, Wiener Straße 12, 28359 Bremen, Germany; (M.P.); (K.T.); (P.-L.M.N.); (K.R.)
| | - Paul-Ludwig Michael Noeske
- Adhesive Bonding Technology and Surfaces, Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials IFAM, Wiener Straße 12, 28359 Bremen, Germany; (M.P.); (K.T.); (P.-L.M.N.); (K.R.)
| | - Klaus Rischka
- Adhesive Bonding Technology and Surfaces, Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials IFAM, Wiener Straße 12, 28359 Bremen, Germany; (M.P.); (K.T.); (P.-L.M.N.); (K.R.)
| | - Yendry Regina Corrales-Ureña
- National Laboratory of Nanotechnology LANOTEC, National Center of High Technology (CeNAT-CONARE), 1174-1200, Calle Costa Rica, Pavas, San José 10109, Costa Rica;
- Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Bremen, Am Fallturm 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- Correspondence: (I.B.-D.); (Y.R.C.-U.)
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Dias LFG, Rheinheimer JPC, Gomes OP, Noeske M, Stamboroski S, Bronze‐Uhle ES, Mainardi MC, Cavalcanti WL, Neto AB, Lisboa‐Filho PN. Bisphosphonates on Smooth TiO
2
: Modeling and Characterization. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202200286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo F. G. Dias
- Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials IFAM Wiener Straße 28359 Bremen Germany
- São Paulo State University - UNESP School of Science Av. Eng. Luís Edmundo Carrijo Coube, 14–01 – Nucleo Res. Pres. Geisel Bauru SP 17033-360 Brazil
| | - João P. C. Rheinheimer
- São Paulo State University - UNESP School of Science Av. Eng. Luís Edmundo Carrijo Coube, 14–01 – Nucleo Res. Pres. Geisel Bauru SP 17033-360 Brazil
| | - Orisson P. Gomes
- São Paulo State University - UNESP School of Science Av. Eng. Luís Edmundo Carrijo Coube, 14–01 – Nucleo Res. Pres. Geisel Bauru SP 17033-360 Brazil
| | - Michael Noeske
- Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials IFAM Wiener Straße 28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Stephani Stamboroski
- Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials IFAM Wiener Straße 28359 Bremen Germany
- University of Bremen Otto-Hahn-Allee 1 28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Erika S. Bronze‐Uhle
- Bauru School of Dentistry Sao Paulo University – USP Alameda Dr. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9–75 – Vila Regina Bauru SP 17012-230 Brazil
| | - Maria C. Mainardi
- Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials IFAM Wiener Straße 28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Welchy L. Cavalcanti
- Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials IFAM Wiener Straße 28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Augusto B. Neto
- Sao Paulo State University - UNESP Campus of Itapeva Itapeva SP Brazil R. da Pátria, 519 - Vila Nossa Sra. de Fatima, Itapeva – SP 18409-010
| | - Paulo N. Lisboa‐Filho
- São Paulo State University - UNESP School of Science Av. Eng. Luís Edmundo Carrijo Coube, 14–01 – Nucleo Res. Pres. Geisel Bauru SP 17033-360 Brazil
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