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Fosnacht KG, Pluth MD. Activity-Based Fluorescent Probes for Hydrogen Sulfide and Related Reactive Sulfur Species. Chem Rev 2024; 124:4124-4257. [PMID: 38512066 PMCID: PMC11141071 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is not only a well-established toxic gas but also an important small molecule bioregulator in all kingdoms of life. In contemporary biology, H2S is often classified as a "gasotransmitter," meaning that it is an endogenously produced membrane permeable gas that carries out essential cellular processes. Fluorescent probes for H2S and related reactive sulfur species (RSS) detection provide an important cornerstone for investigating the multifaceted roles of these important small molecules in complex biological systems. A now common approach to develop such tools is to develop "activity-based probes" that couple a specific H2S-mediated chemical reaction to a fluorescent output. This Review covers the different types of such probes and also highlights the chemical mechanisms by which each probe type is activated by specific RSS. Common examples include reduction of oxidized nitrogen motifs, disulfide exchange, electrophilic reactions, metal precipitation, and metal coordination. In addition, we also outline complementary activity-based probes for imaging reductant-labile and sulfane sulfur species, including persulfides and polysulfides. For probes highlighted in this Review, we focus on small molecule systems with demonstrated compatibility in cellular systems or related applications. Building from breadth of reported activity-based strategies and application, we also highlight key unmet challenges and future opportunities for advancing activity-based probes for H2S and related RSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaylin G. Fosnacht
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Materials Science Institute, Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, and Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403-1253, United States
| | - Michael D. Pluth
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Materials Science Institute, Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, and Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403-1253, United States
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Li X, Liu C, Zhu H, Wang K, Ren X, Ma L, Zhang X, Liu M, Zhu B. Recent advances in small-molecule fluorescent probes with the function of targeting cancer receptors. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:5947-5977. [PMID: 37909733 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01387a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is "the sword of Damocles" that threatens human life and health. Therefore, the diagnosis and treatment of cancer have been receiving much attention. Many overexpressed receptors on the surface of cancer cells provide us with an effective way to specifically identify the cancer cells, and receptor targeting strategies are becoming one of the hot ideas to enhance the ability of fluorescent probes to target tumors. Fluorescent probes connected to ligands are targeted at cancer cell surfaces through receptor-mediated endocytosis. Receptor-targeting probes can image and track cancer cells, determine tumor boundaries, monitor deep lesions, and play a role in clinical medicine, such as fluorescent imaging-guided surgery. In this review, based on the perspective of small molecule fluorescent probes, we reviewed the design ideas, photophysical properties, and applications of receptor-targeting probes for detecting biomarkers in imaging and tracing cancer cells and prospected the future developmental direction of such probes. We hope that this review will provide more ideas for the design and development of active targeting probes for receptors and lead to more applications in the medical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinke Li
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
| | - Caiyun Liu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
| | - Hanchuang Zhu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
| | - Kun Wang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
| | - Xiaohua Ren
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
| | - Lixue Ma
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
| | - Mengyuan Liu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
| | - Baocun Zhu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
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Sun H, Xu Q, Xu C, Zhang Y, Ai J, Ren M, Wang S, Kong F. A highly sensitive and low toxicity cellulose-based fluorescent polymer for H 2S detection in cells, zebrafish and food samples. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:3156-3160. [PMID: 37345553 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay00580a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
A cellulose based polymer probe (HC-HS) was prepared for the detection of H2S. HC-HS can be applied to fluorescence imaging of H2S in living cells and zebrafish, and HC-HS was made into test strips to detect H2S produced in the process of food corruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper Science and Technology of Shandong Province, Ministry of Education, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China.
| | - Qingyu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper Science and Technology of Shandong Province, Ministry of Education, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China.
| | - Chen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper Science and Technology of Shandong Province, Ministry of Education, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China.
| | - Yukun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper Science and Technology of Shandong Province, Ministry of Education, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China.
| | - Jindong Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper Science and Technology of Shandong Province, Ministry of Education, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China.
| | - Mingguang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper Science and Technology of Shandong Province, Ministry of Education, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China.
| | - Shoujuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper Science and Technology of Shandong Province, Ministry of Education, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China.
| | - Fangong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper Science and Technology of Shandong Province, Ministry of Education, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China.
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Liu C, Zhang Y, Sun W, Zhu H, Su M, Wang X, Rong X, Wang K, Yu M, Sheng W, Zhu B. H2S-activated fluorescent probe enables dual-channel fluorescence tracking of drug release in tumor cells. Bioorg Chem 2023; 135:106498. [PMID: 37060848 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, the selective release of therapeutic drugs into tumor cells has become an important way of tumor treatment due to the high side effects of chemotherapy drugs. As one of the gas mediators, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is closely related to cancer. Due to the high content of H2S in tumor cells, it can be used as a signaling molecule that triggers the release of drugs to achieve the selective release of therapeutic drugs. In addition, dual-channel fluorescence imaging technology can be better applied to monitor the drug delivery process and distinguish the state before and after drug release, so as to better track the effect of drug therapy. Based on this, we used NBD amines (NBD-NHR) as the recognition group of H2S and connected the tyrosine kinase inhibitor crizotinib to construct an activated dual-channel fluorescent probe CZ-NBD. After the probe enters the tumor cells, it consumes H2S and releases crizotinib, which is highly toxic to the tumor cells. Importantly, the probe displays significant fluorescence changes in different cells, enabling not only the screening of tumor cells, but also tracking and monitoring drug release and tumor cell activity. Therefore, the construction of probe CZ-NBD provides a new strategy for drug release monitoring in tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyun Liu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Weimin Sun
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Hanchuang Zhu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Meijun Su
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Xiaodi Rong
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Kun Wang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Miaohui Yu
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China
| | - Wenlong Sheng
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China.
| | - Baocun Zhu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
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Cai X, Zhang Z, Dong Y, Hao T, Yi L, Yang X. A biotin-guided near-infrared fluorescent probe for imaging hydrogen sulfide and differentiating cancer cells. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:332-338. [PMID: 36533549 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob02034c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Imaging cancer specific biomarkers with near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probes can help inaccurate diagnosis. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been reported to be involved in many physiological and pathological processes and is considered as one of the key gasotransmitters during the development of cancer. To achieve specific H2S detection in cancer cells, we reported a biotin-guided NIR fluorescent sensor P1 targeting a cancer cell surface biomarker, based on the H2S-specific thiolysis of the NBD-amine-hemicyanine conjugate. The probe showed a fast turn-on signal at 754 nm upon H2S activation and good selectivity towards H2S over millimolar levels of other biothiols. We successfully employed P1 to image endogenous H2S and demonstrated its tumor-targeting ability in live cells. P1 could differentiate multiple cancer cells with various levels of H2S from normal cells, indicating its potential for cancer imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuekang Cai
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT), Beijing 100029, China. .,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
| | - Zhuochen Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
| | - Yalun Dong
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT), Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Tingting Hao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
| | - Long Yi
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT), Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Xing Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
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Progress on the reaction-based methods for detection of endogenous hydrogen sulfide. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 414:2809-2839. [PMID: 34825272 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03777-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a biologically signaling molecule that mediates a wide range of physiological functions, which is frequently misregulated in numerous pathological processes. As such, measurement of H2S holds great attention due to its unique physiological and pathophysiological roles. Currently, a variety of methods based on the H2S-involved reactions have been reported for detection of endogenous H2S, bearing the advantages of good specificity and high sensitivity. This review describes in detail the types of reactions, their mechanisms, and their applications in biological research, thus hopefully providing some guidelines to the researchers in this field for further investigation.
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