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Zhou P, Xu J, Hou X, Dai L, Zhang J, Xiao X, Huo K. Heteroatom-engineered multicolor lignin carbon dots enabling bimodal fluorescent off-on detection of metal-ions and glutathione. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126714. [PMID: 37673154 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) have emerged as a promising subclass of optical nanomaterials with versatile functions in multimodal biosensing. Howbeit the rapid, reliable and reproducible fabrication of multicolor CDs from renewable lignin with unique groups (e.g., -OCH3, -OH and -COOH) and alterable moieties (e.g., β-O-4, phenylpropanoid structure) remains challenging due to difficult-to-control molecular behavior. Herein we proposed a scalable acid-reagent strategy to engineer a family of heteroatom-doped multicolor lignin carbon dots (LCDs) that are functioned as the bimodal fluorescent off-on sensing of metal-ions and glutathione (GSH). Benefiting from the modifiable photophysical structure via heteroatom-doping (N, S, W, P and B), the multicolor LCDs (blue, green and yellow) with a controllable size distribution of 2.06-2.22 nm deliver the sensing competences to fluorometric probing the distinctive metal-ion systems (Fe3+, Al3+ and Cu2+) under a broad response interval (0-500 μM) with excellent sensitivity and limit of detection (LOD, 0.45-3.90 μM). Meanwhile, we found that the addition of GSH can efficiently restore the fluorescence of LCDs by forming a stable Fe3+-GSH complex with a LOD of 0.97 μM. This work not only sheds light on evolving lignin macromolecular interactions with tunable luminescent properties, but also provides a facile approach to synthesize multicolor CDs with advanced functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Jikun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China.
| | - Xinyan Hou
- Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Lin Dai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jiaming Zhang
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Sichuan 610065, China.
| | - Kaifu Huo
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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Lee S, Heo S, Park J, Heo J, Kim S, You Y. Glutathione displacement assay based on a fluorescent Au(I) complex. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:7344-7352. [PMID: 37435627 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb00953j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) is an essential molecule that plays a pivotal role in maintaining intracellular redox homeostasis, as well as other physiological processes. However, the chemical mechanisms underlying the GSH-induced processes remain insufficiently understood due to the lack of appropriate detection tools. Fluorescence GSH imaging can serve as a useful principle for the rapid, convenient, and non-destructive detection of GSH in living organisms. In this study, we developed a fluorescent GSH probe based on a linear, homoleptic Au(I) complex with two 1,3-diphenylbenzimidazolium carbene ligands. The Au(I) complex produced a fluorescence turn-on response to GSH. Fluorescence GSH signaling was characterized with a short response time of a few seconds. The rapid response was attributed to the displacement of the carbene ligand with GSH, which involved a labile inner-sphere coordination interaction. Finally, we demonstrated the biological utility of our GSH probe by unambiguously discriminating between different GSH levels in normal and senescent preadipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinae Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
- Division of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunga Heo
- Division of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihwan Park
- Chemical and Biological Integrative Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongyun Heo
- Chemical and Biological Integrative Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sehoon Kim
- Chemical and Biological Integrative Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngmin You
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
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Dong W, Wang L, Zhang R, Wen C, Su R, Gong X, Liang W. High luminescent N,S,P co-doped carbon dots for the fluorescence sensing of extreme acidity and folic acid. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:6551-6558. [PMID: 37185994 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt00560g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots are popular luminescent materials because of their excellent fluorescence properties, but the low quantum yield limits their application. Heteroatom doping is a more convenient and popular approach to increase the quantum yield of carbon dots. Here, novel N,S,P heteroatom co-doped carbon dots (N,S,P-CDs) were synthesized by a simple one-step hydrothermal method using m-phenylenediamine, L-cysteine and phosphoric acid as raw materials. The as-prepared N,S,P-CDs showed excellent photoluminescence properties with a fluorescence quantum yield of up to 41%, which greatly encourages their application in fluorescence sensing. The N,S,P-CDs exhibited good fluorescence stability under salt solution, xenon lamp irradiation and ultraviolet lamp irradiation except for a high sensitivity to extreme acidity. The fluorescence intensity of the N,S,P-CDs can be decreased by as much as 85% when the pH of the solution changes from 2.50 to 4.75, that is, a small fluctuation in pH can cause an intense response of the fluorescence of the N,S,P-CDs. Therefore, an excellent fluorescence sensing platform for accurately monitoring the pH of extreme acidity has been constructed. In addition, the N,S,P-CDs can be applied for quantitative detection of folic acid based on the strong quenching effect of folic acid on the fluorescence of the N,S,P-CDs. Good linearity was obtained in the concentration range of 4.85-82.45 μM, with a detection limit of 0.148 μM. The constructed sensing platform was used for the determination of folic acid in actual samples of orange juice, oatmeal and tablets with satisfactory results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Dong
- Institute of Environmental Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
| | - Lu Wang
- Institute of Environmental Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
| | - Rongrong Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
| | - Chaochao Wen
- Institute of Environmental Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
| | - Ren Su
- Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations (SIEMIS), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China.
| | - Xiaojuan Gong
- Institute of Environmental Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
| | - Wenting Liang
- Institute of Environmental Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
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Sonkaya Ö, Ocakçı Ş, Toksoy A, Pamuk Algi M, Algi F. N-doped carbon nanomaterials as fluorescent pH and metal ion sensors for imaging. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 292:122412. [PMID: 36720189 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Herein we describe the facile synthesis of new N-doped carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) obtained from 1,10-phenanthroline by the solvothermal method. Characterization of CNPs were carried out with transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), UV-vis absorption spectra, and luminescence spectra. CNPs were pH sensitive and exploited as fluorescent chemosensors and imaging agents for Al(III) and Zn(II) ions in real-life samples. Remarkably, we show that CNPs can be used for the detection of Al(III) and Zn(II) ions in water samples. Accordingly, the results indicate that CNPs are highly effective in detecting Zn(II) content of cosmetic creams. We also demonstrated that the CNPs could be used for in vitro imaging of Al(III) and Zn(II) in Human Larynx Squamous Cell Carcinoma (Hep-2). Finally, Al(III) imaging in Angelica Officinalis root tissue was also achieved successfully. The CNPs are promising as luminescent multianalyte (pH, Al(III) and Zn(II)) sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ömer Sonkaya
- Department of Chemistry & ASUBTAM M. Bilmez BioNanoTech Lab, Aksaray University, TR-68100 Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Şeyma Ocakçı
- Department of Biotechnology & ASUBTAM M. Bilmez BioNanoTech Lab, Aksaray University, TR-68100 Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Alihan Toksoy
- Department of Biotechnology & ASUBTAM M. Bilmez BioNanoTech Lab, Aksaray University, TR-68100 Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Melek Pamuk Algi
- Department of Chemistry & ASUBTAM M. Bilmez BioNanoTech Lab, Aksaray University, TR-68100 Aksaray, Turkey.
| | - Fatih Algi
- Department of Biotechnology & ASUBTAM M. Bilmez BioNanoTech Lab, Aksaray University, TR-68100 Aksaray, Turkey.
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Du Y, Cao L, Li X, Zhu T, Yan R, Dong WF, Li L. Preparation and application of high-brightness red carbon quantum dots for pH and oxidized L-glutathione dual response. Analyst 2023; 148:2375-2386. [PMID: 37129055 DOI: 10.1039/d3an00383c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) with red fluorescence emission are highly desirable for use in bioimaging and trace- substance detection, with potential applications in biotherapy, photothermal therapy, and tumor visualization. Most CDs emit green or blue fluorescence, thus limiting their applicability. We report a novel fluorescent detection platform based on high-brightness red fluorescence emission carbon dots (R-CDs) co-doped with nitrogen and bromine, which exhibit pH and oxidized L-glutathione (GSSG) dual-responsive characteristics. The absolute quantum yield of the R-CDs was as high as 11.93%. We discovered that the R-CDs were able to detect acidic pH in live cells and zebrafish owing to protonation and deprotonation. In addition, GSSG was detected in vitro over a broad linear range (8-200 μM) using the R-CDs with excitation-independent emission. Furthermore, cell imaging and bioimaging experiments demonstrated that the R-CDs were highly cytocompatible and could be used as fluorescent probes to target lysosomes and nucleolus. These studies highlight the promising prospects of R-CDs as biosensing tools for bioimaging and trace-substance detection applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Du
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Suzhou, 215163, China.
| | - Lei Cao
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Suzhou, 215163, China.
| | - Xinlu Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Suzhou, 215163, China.
| | - Tongtong Zhu
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Suzhou, 215163, China.
| | - Ruhong Yan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Suzhou, 215153, China.
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Suzhou, 215163, China.
| | - Wen-Fei Dong
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Suzhou, 215163, China.
| | - Li Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Suzhou, 215163, China.
- Jinan Guokeyigong Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd, Jinan, 250104, China.
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Li Y, Li H, Xu Y. Blue Fluorescent Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Dots for the Specific Detection of Mn
2+. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanrong Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Hebei University of Technology Xiping Road No. 5340, Beichen District Tianjin 300401 China
| | - Haohao Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Hebei University of Technology Xiping Road No. 5340, Beichen District Tianjin 300401 China
| | - Yang Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Hebei University of Technology Xiping Road No. 5340, Beichen District Tianjin 300401 China
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Bhatt S, Vyas G, Paul P. Microwave-assisted synthesis of nitrogen-doped carbon dots using prickly pear as the carbon source and its application as a highly selective sensor for Cr(VI) and as a patterning agent. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:269-277. [PMID: 34985051 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay01274f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Preparation of water-dispersible carbon dots from inexpensive natural carbon precursors and its application for purposes such as sensing, bio-imaging and patterning agents is showing growing interest in recent years. In this study, we have reported the preparation of nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CDs) using prickly pear as the carbon source and m-xylylenediamine as the nitrogen source using a one-step microwave-assisted synthetic process. The N-CDs prepared were characterized on the basis of elemental analysis, XPS, powder-XRD, FT-IR, Raman, TEM, UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. Doping of nitrogen in the N-CDs made them highly fluorescent and the study on their ion-recognition property revealed that they detect highly toxic Cr(VI) with high selectivity and sensitivity (LOD, 0.04 μM) and without interference from the other ions used in this study. By immobilizing these N-CDs onto filter paper, sensor strips were prepared for on-site monitoring/field applications and they were successfully used for the detection of Cr(VI) in water. Detailed spectral analysis revealed that the mechanism of Cr(VI) sensing involved a phenomenon called the "inner filter effect" and analysis of the fluorescence lifetime data suggested the "static quenching" of fluorescence intensity. These N-CDs were used to prepare fluorescent carbon ink and were successfully used as patterning agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreya Bhatt
- Analytical and Environmental Science Division, Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Gaurav Vyas
- Analytical and Environmental Science Division, Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Parimal Paul
- Analytical and Environmental Science Division, Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
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Chen X, Li P, Wu G, Wang Z, Huang C. Turn-on signal fluorescence sensor based on DNA derived bio-dots/polydopamine nanoparticles for the detection of glutathione. RSC Adv 2022; 12:1807-1812. [PMID: 35425189 PMCID: PMC8979005 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08107a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A convenient, fast, sensitive and highly selective fluorescence sensor for the detection of glutathione (GSH) based on DNA derived bio-dots (DNA bio-dots)/polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticles was constructed. The fluorescent switch of DNA bio-dots was induced to turn off because of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) reactions between DNA bio-dots and PDA. The presence of GSH blocked the spontaneous oxidative polymerization of dopamine (DA) to PDA, leading the fluorescent switch of DNA bio-dots to be "turned on". The degree of fluorescence recovery of DNA bio-dots is linearly correlated with the concentration of GSH within the range of 1.00-100 μmol L-1, and the limit of detection (LOD) is 0.31 μmol L-1 (S/N = 3, n = 9). Furthermore, the fluorescence sensor was successfully used to quantify GSH in human urine and glutathione whitening power, indicating the fluorescence sensor has potential in the detection of human body fluids and pharmaceutical preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Chen
- Xingzhi College, Zhejiang Normal University Lanxi 321100 China
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004 China
| | - Pu Li
- Xingzhi College, Zhejiang Normal University Lanxi 321100 China
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004 China
| | - Gaojun Wu
- Xingzhi College, Zhejiang Normal University Lanxi 321100 China
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004 China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Xingzhi College, Zhejiang Normal University Lanxi 321100 China
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004 China
| | - Chaobiao Huang
- Xingzhi College, Zhejiang Normal University Lanxi 321100 China
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004 China
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