1
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Marques CS, González-Bakker A, Padrón JM. The Ugi4CR as effective tool to access promising anticancer isatin-based α-acetamide carboxamide oxindole hybrids. Beilstein J Org Chem 2024; 20:1213-1220. [PMID: 38887573 PMCID: PMC11181168 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.20.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Considering early-stage drug discovery programs, the Ugi four-component reaction is a valuable, flexible, and pivotal tool, facilitating the creation of two new amide bonds in a one-pot fashion to effectively yield the desired α-aminoacylamides. Here, we highlight the reputation of this reaction approach to access number and scaffold diversity of a library of isatin-based α-acetamide carboxamide oxindole hybrids, promising anticancer agents, in a mild and fast sustainable reaction process. The library was tested against six human solid tumor cell lines, among them, non-small cell lung carcinoma, cervical adenocarcinoma, breast cancer and colon adenocarcinoma. The most potent compounds 8d, 8h and 8k showed GI50 values in the range of 1-10 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina S Marques
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Évora, Institute for Research and Advanced Studies, Rua Romão Ramalho, 59, 7000-641, Évora, Portugal
| | - Aday González-Bakker
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO-AG), Universidad de La Laguna, PO Box 456, 38200, La Laguna, Spain
| | - José M Padrón
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO-AG), Universidad de La Laguna, PO Box 456, 38200, La Laguna, Spain
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2
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Jia K, Sun H, Zhou Y, Zhang W. Biosynthesis of isonitrile lipopeptides. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2024; 81:102470. [PMID: 38788523 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2024.102470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Isonitrile lipopeptides discovered from Actinobacteria have attracted wide attention due to their fascinating biosynthetic pathways and relevance to the virulence of many human pathogens including Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Specifically, the identification of the new class of isonitrile-forming enzymes that belong to non-heme iron (II) and α-ketoglutarate dependent dioxygenases has intrigued several research groups to investigate their catalytic mechanism. Here we summarize the recent studies on the biosynthesis of isonitrile lipopeptides from Streptomyces and Mycobacterium. The latest research on the core and tailoring enzymes involved in the pathway as well as the isonitrile metabolic enzymes are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaimin Jia
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States; California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Helen Sun
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Yiyan Zhou
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States; California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States.
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3
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Chen FJ, Lin W, Chen FE. Non-symmetric stapling of native peptides. Nat Rev Chem 2024; 8:304-318. [PMID: 38575678 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00591-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Stapling has emerged as a powerful technique in peptide chemistry. It enables precise control over peptide conformation leading to enhanced properties such as improved stability and enhanced binding affinity. Although symmetric stapling methods have been extensively explored, the field of non-symmetric stapling of native peptides has received less attention, largely as a result of the formidable challenges it poses - in particular the complexities involved in achieving the high chemo-selectivity and site-selectivity required to simultaneously modify distinct proteinogenic residues. Over the past 5 years, there have been significant breakthroughs in addressing these challenges. In this Review, we describe the latest strategies for non-symmetric stapling of native peptides, elucidating the protocols, reaction mechanisms and underlying design principles. We also discuss current challenges and opportunities this field offers for future applications, such as ligand discovery and peptide-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fa-Jie Chen
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, P. R. China.
| | - Wanzhen Lin
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Fen-Er Chen
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, P. R. China.
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis of Chiral Drugs, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
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4
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Wamser R, Zhang X, Kuropka B, Arkona C, Rademann J. Protein-Templated Ugi Reactions versus In-Situ Ligation Screening: Two Roads to the Identification of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Inhibitors. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303940. [PMID: 38246870 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Protein-templated fragment ligation was established as a method for the rapid identification of high affinity ligands, and multicomponent reactions (MCR) such as the Ugi four-component reaction (Ugi 4CR) have been efficient in the synthesis of drug candidates. Thus, the combination of both strategies should provide a powerful approach to drug discovery. Here, we investigate protein-templated Ugi 4CR quantitatively using a fluorescence-based enzyme assay, HPLC-QTOF mass spectrometry (MS), and native protein MS with SARS-CoV-2 main protease as template. Ugi reactions were analyzed in aqueous buffer at varying pH and fragment concentration. Potent inhibitors of the protease were formed in presence of the protein via Ugi 4CR together with Ugi three-component reaction (Ugi 3CR) products. Binding of inhibitors to the protease was confirmed by native MS and resulted in the dimerization of the protein target. Formation of Ugi products was, however, more efficient in the non-templated reaction, apparently due to interactions of the protein with the isocyanide and imine fragments. Consequently, in-situ ligation screening of Ugi 4CR products was identified as a superior approach to the discovery of SARS-CoV-2 protease inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekka Wamser
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str.2+4, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xinting Zhang
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str.2+4, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Benno Kuropka
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Thielallee 63, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Arkona
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str.2+4, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg Rademann
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str.2+4, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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5
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Liu C, Voskressensky LG, Van der Eycken EV. Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Peptidomimetics via Ugi Reactions. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303597. [PMID: 38123521 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Peptidomimetics have been extensively explored in many area due to their ability to improve pharmacological qualities and interesting biological activities. Cycles could be incorporated in peptides to reduce their flexibility, often enhancing the affinity for a certain receptor. Many efforts have been made to synthesize various peptidomimetics. Among them, the Ugi reaction is a popular way for the synthesis of peptidomimetics because it provides peptide-like products. The Ugi reaction consists of the condensation of an aldehyde or ketone, a carboxylic acid, an amine, and an isocyanide usually giving a linear peptidomimetic. In order to obtain other linear, cyclic or polycyclic peptidomimetics, the acyclic products have to undergo additional transformations or cyclizations. This review covers the years from 2018-2023, regarding the synthesis of linear, cyclic and polycyclic peptidomimetics, employing Ugi reactions eventually followed by post-Ugi transformations. Organo-catalyzed reactions, base-promoted reactions, and metal-free reactions toward peptidomimetics are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Leonid G Voskressensky
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklaya st. 6, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Erik V Van der Eycken
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
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6
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Allende J, Olaizola I, Ochoa de Retana AM, Palacios F, de Los Santos JM. Diastereoselective ZnCl 2-Mediated Joullié-Ugi Three-Component Reaction for the Preparation of Phosphorylated N-Acylaziridines from 2 H-Azirines. Molecules 2024; 29:1023. [PMID: 38474535 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
We disclose a direct approach to the diastereoselective synthesis of phosphorus substituted N-acylaziridines based on a one-pot ZnCl2-catalyzed Joullié-Ugi three-component reaction of phosphorylated 2H-azirines, carboxylic acids and isocyanides. Hence, this robust protocol offers rapid access to an array of N-acylaziridines in moderate-to-good yields and up to 98:2 dr for substrates over a wide scope. The relevance of this synthetic methodology was achieved via a gram-scale reaction and the further derivatization of the nitrogen-containing three-membered heterocycle. The diastereo- and regioselective ring expansion of the obtained N-acylaziridines to oxazole derivatives was accomplished in the presence of BF3·OEt2 as an efficient Lewid acid catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julene Allende
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
| | - Iurre Olaizola
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
| | - Ana M Ochoa de Retana
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
| | - Francisco Palacios
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
| | - Jesús M de Los Santos
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
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7
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Paramonova P, Eliseev I, Dar'in D, Bakulina O. Imines with rare α-heteroatom substituted amine components generated in situ via the Staudinger/aza-Wittig tandem reaction and their application in multicomponent reactions. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:1733-1744. [PMID: 38323438 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01832f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
A series of structurally diverse α-heteroatom substituted methyl azides (XCH2N3, where X = phthalimidoyl, benzotriazolyl, arylsulfanyl, aryloxy, alkoxy) have been prepared and evaluated for the in situ generation of imines via the Staudinger/aza-Wittig tandem reaction with aldehydes and triphenylphosphine. The obtained imines were successfully introduced into four types of multicomponent reactions: the Staudinger β-lactam synthesis with diazo carbonyl compounds, the Castagnoli-Cushman reaction with cyclic anhydrides, and the Ugi and azido-Ugi reactions with isocyanides and carboxylic acids or TMS-azides. These transformations allowed the preparation of four-to-seven-membered lactams, acyclic bisamides and 5-(aminomethyl)-1-alkyltetrazoles with a complex and previously poorly accessible periphery. Moreover, it was demonstrated that phthalimide derivatives can be deprotected to afford medicinally relevant N-aminomethyl lactams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina Paramonova
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia.
| | - Ilia Eliseev
- Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Dmitry Dar'in
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia.
- Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, Saint Petersburg, 191036, Russia
| | - Olga Bakulina
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia.
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8
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Elmamouni E, Guillard M, Haddou B, Grimaud L, El Kaïm L. Tsuji-Trost Based Cascades: From Passerini Adducts of Cinnamaldehyde to Allylated Oxazolones. J Org Chem 2024; 89:2009-2013. [PMID: 38215399 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
The Passerini coupling of cinnamaldehyde derivatives affords allylic esters that may behave as both electrophiles and nucleophiles in Tsuji-Trost reactions. We present herein the interaction of the latter with methylallylcarbonate, leading to the formation of oxazolidine-diones. The efficiency of the process relies on the building up of a CO2 overpressure in the medium. A reaction mechanism highlighting the reversibility of the Tsuji-Trost reaction is proposed for the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elhachemia Elmamouni
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique (LSO -UMR 76523), CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, ENSTA-Paris, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 828 Bd des Maréchaux, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
- Département de Chimie, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie d'Oran Mohamed-Boudiaf USTOMB, El Mnaouar, BP 1505, Bir El Djir 31000, Oran, Algérie
| | - Marianne Guillard
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique (LSO -UMR 76523), CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, ENSTA-Paris, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 828 Bd des Maréchaux, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Baptiste Haddou
- Laboratoire des Biomolécules LBM, Département de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Grimaud
- Laboratoire des Biomolécules LBM, Département de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Laurent El Kaïm
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique (LSO -UMR 76523), CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, ENSTA-Paris, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 828 Bd des Maréchaux, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
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9
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Splandesci M, Wróbel MZ, Madura ID, Dawidowski M. Ugi 5-center-4-component reaction of α-amino aldehydes and its application in synthesis of 2-oxopiperazines. Mol Divers 2024; 28:229-248. [PMID: 38104301 PMCID: PMC10876754 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-023-10760-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
A synthetic route leading to densely functionalized 2-oxopiperazines is presented. The strategy employs a 5-center-4-component variant of Ugi multicomponent reaction followed by a deprotection/cyclization sequence. N-Boc-α-amino aldehydes were used for the first time as carbonyl components in a key Ugi 5-center-4-component reaction (U-5C-4CR). It is shown that the presented synthetic route can lead to rigid, heterocyclic scaffolds, as demonstrated by the synthesis of tetrahydro-2H-pyrazino[1,2-a]pyrazine-3,6,9(4H)-trione β-turn mimetic and derivatives of 1,6-dioxooctahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine and 3,8-dioxohexahydro-3H-oxazolo[3,4-a]pyrazine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Splandesci
- Department of Drug Technology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Martyna Z Wróbel
- Department of Drug Technology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Izabela D Madura
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Dawidowski
- Department of Drug Technology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
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10
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Tandi M, Tripathi N, Gaur A, Gopal B, Sundriyal S. Curation and cheminformatics analysis of a Ugi-reaction derived library (URDL) of synthetically tractable small molecules for virtual screening application. Mol Divers 2024; 28:37-50. [PMID: 36574164 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-022-10588-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Virtual screening (VS) is an important approach in drug discovery and relies on the availability of a virtual library of synthetically tractable molecules. Ugi reaction (UR) represents an important multi-component reaction (MCR) that reliably produces a peptidomimetic scaffold. Recent literature shows that a tactically assembled Ugi adduct can be subjected to further chemical modifications to yield a variety of rings and scaffolds, thus, renewing the interest in this old reaction. Given the reliability and efficiency of UR, we collated an UR derived library (URDL) of small molecules (total = 5773) for VS. The synthesis of the majority of URDL molecules may be carried out in 1-2 pots in a time and cost-effective manner. The detailed analysis of the average property and chemical space of URDL was also carried out using the open-source Datawarrior program. The comparison with FDA-approved oral drugs and inhibitors of protein-protein interactions (iPPIs) suggests URDL molecules are 'clean', drug-like, and conform to a structurally distinct space from the other two categories. The average physicochemical properties of compounds in the URDL library lie closer to iPPI molecules than oral drugs thus suggesting that the URDL resource can be applied to discover novel iPPI molecules. The URDL molecules consist of diverse ring systems, many of which have not been exploited yet for drug design. Thus, URDL represents a small virtual library of drug-like molecules with unexplored chemical space designed for VS. The structures of all molecules of URDL, oral drugs, and iPPI compounds are being made freely accessible as supplementary information for broader application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Tandi
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, 333031, India
| | - Nancy Tripathi
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, 333031, India
| | - Animesh Gaur
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, 333031, India
| | | | - Sandeep Sundriyal
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, 333031, India.
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11
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Akshaya S, Nathanael AJ. A Review on Hydrophobically Associated Alginates: Approaches and Applications. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:4246-4262. [PMID: 38313527 PMCID: PMC10831841 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Alginates are linear anionic polysaccharides, which are well-known for their biocompatible, nontoxic, and biodegradable nature. The polymer consists of alternating units of β-(1 → 4)-linked D-mannuronic acid (M) and α-(1 → 4)-linked L-guluronic acid (G) that have hydroxyl and carboxyl groups as the main functional groups. As a large number of free carboxyl and hydroxyl groups are present in the polymeric chain, the polymer is predominantly hydrophilic. The food and pharmaceutical industries have been the most extensive utilizers of alginates to produce gelling and thickening agents. However, by imparting hydrophobicity to alginates, the range of applications can be widened. Although there are reviews on alginate and its chemical modifications, reviews focusing on hydrophobically associated alginates have not been presented. The commonly used chemical modifications to incorporate hydrophobicity include esterification, Ugi reaction, reductive amination, and graft copolymerization. The hydrophobically modified alginates play an important role in delivery of hydrophobic drugs and pesticides as the modification increases the affinity toward hydrophobic components and helps in their sustained release. Due to their nontoxic and edible nature, they find use in the food industry as emulsion stabilizer to stabilize oil-in-water emulsions and to improve creaming ability. Further, alginate-based materials such as membranes, aerogels, and films are hydrophobically modified to improve their functionality and applicability to water treatment and food packaging. This Review aims to highlight the important chemical modifications and methods that are done to impart hydrophobicity to alginate, and the applications of hydrophobically modified alginates in different sectors ranging from drug delivery to food packaging are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenbagaraman Akshaya
- Centre
for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
- School
of Advanced Sciences (SAS), Vellore Institute
of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arputharaj Joseph Nathanael
- Centre
for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
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12
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Li Y, He L, Qin H, Liu Y, Yang B, Xu Z, Yang D. A Facile Ugi/Ullmann Cascade Reaction to Access Fused Indazolo-Quinoxaline Derivatives with Potent Anticancer Activity. Molecules 2024; 29:464. [PMID: 38257377 PMCID: PMC10820152 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
A facile methodology for the construction of a complex heterocycle indazolo-fused quinoxalinone has been developed via an Ugi four-component reaction (U-4CR) followed by an intramolecular Ullmann reaction. The expeditious process features an operationally simple approach, time efficiency, and a broad substrate scope. Biological activity was evaluated and demonstrated that compound 6e inhibits human colon cancer cell HCT116 proliferation with an IC50 of 2.1 μM, suggesting potential applications for developing a drug lead in medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- College of Pharmacy, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Liujun He
- College of Pharmacy, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Hongxia Qin
- College of Pharmacy, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Yao Liu
- College of Pharmacy, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Binxin Yang
- College of Pharmacy, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Zhigang Xu
- College of Pharmacy, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Donglin Yang
- College of Pharmacy, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
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13
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Larghi EL, Bracca ABJ, Simonetti SO, Kaufman TS. Recent developments in the total synthesis of natural products using the Ugi multicomponent reactions as the key strategy. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:429-465. [PMID: 38126459 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01837g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The total syntheses of selected natural products using different versions of the Ugi multicomponent reaction is reviewed on a case-by-case basis. The revision covers the period 2008-2023 and includes detailed descriptions of the synthetic sequences, the use of state-of-the-art chemical reagents and strategies, as well as the advantages and limitations of the transformation and some remedial solutions. Relevant data on the isolation and bioactivity of the different natural targets are also briefly provided. The examples clearly evidence the strategic importance of this transformation and its key role in the modern natural products synthetic chemistry toolbox. This methodology proved to be a valuable means for easily building molecular complexity and efficiently delivering step-economic syntheses even of intricate structures, with a promising future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique L Larghi
- Instituto de Química Rosario (IQUIR, CONICET-UNR) and Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas - Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531 (2000), Rosario, Argentina.
| | - Andrea B J Bracca
- Instituto de Química Rosario (IQUIR, CONICET-UNR) and Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas - Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531 (2000), Rosario, Argentina.
| | - Sebastián O Simonetti
- Instituto de Química Rosario (IQUIR, CONICET-UNR) and Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas - Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531 (2000), Rosario, Argentina.
| | - Teodoro S Kaufman
- Instituto de Química Rosario (IQUIR, CONICET-UNR) and Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas - Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531 (2000), Rosario, Argentina.
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14
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Mangesh VL, Govindarajan M, Raju Chekuri RB, Perumal T, Rajendran K, Chandrasekaran K, Siva Kumar N, Basivi PK, Alreshaidan SB, Al-Fatesh AS. Ni-Fe bimetallic catalysts with high dispersion supported by SBA-15 evaluated for the selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde. RSC Adv 2024; 14:2300-2310. [PMID: 38213975 PMCID: PMC10782152 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07086g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
A wetness impregnation method was used to impregnate the substrate with a substantial quantity of oleic acid together with a metal precursor, leading to significantly dispersed Ni-Fe bimetallic catalysts based on mesoporous SBA-15. Using a wide variety of characterization methods, such as XRD, BET, and TEM Analysis, the physiochemical properties of the catalyst were determined. The addition of the metal does not have any effect on the structural characteristics of the SBA-15 catalyst, as validated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which shows that the prepared SBA-15 supported catalyst has a hexagonal mesoporous structure. The catalytic capabilities of the Ni-Fe-SBA-15 catalysts were evaluated in the conversion of BzOH using tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) as an oxidant and acetonitrile as a solvent. The Ni/Fe-SBA-15 (NFS-15) catalytic composition is the best of the developed catalysts, with a maximum conversion of 98% and a selectivity of 99%. In-depth investigations were conducted into the molar ratio of TBHP to BzOH, the dosage of the catalyst, the reaction rate, temperature, and solvent. The recycling investigations indicate that the synthesized Ni/Fe-SBA-15 (NFS-15) catalyst seems to be more durable up to seven successive cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- V L Mangesh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Vaddeswaram Guntur Andhra Pradesh 522502 India
| | - Murali Govindarajan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Vaddeswaram Guntur Andhra Pradesh 522502 India
| | | | - Tamizhdurai Perumal
- Department of Chemistry, Dwaraka Doss Goverdhan Doss Vaishnav College (Autonomous) (Affiliated to the University of Madras, Chennai) 833, Gokul Bagh, EVR Periyar Road, Arumbakkam Chennai 600 106 Tamil Nadu India +91-9677146579
| | - Kumaran Rajendran
- Department of Chemistry, Dwaraka Doss Goverdhan Doss Vaishnav College (Autonomous) (Affiliated to the University of Madras, Chennai) 833, Gokul Bagh, EVR Periyar Road, Arumbakkam Chennai 600 106 Tamil Nadu India +91-9677146579
| | - Kavitha Chandrasekaran
- Department of Chemistry, Dwaraka Doss Goverdhan Doss Vaishnav College (Autonomous) (Affiliated to the University of Madras, Chennai) 833, Gokul Bagh, EVR Periyar Road, Arumbakkam Chennai 600 106 Tamil Nadu India +91-9677146579
| | - Nadavala Siva Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Saud University P.O. Box 800 Riyadh 11421 Saudi Arabia +966-537228108
| | - Praveen Kumar Basivi
- Pukyong National University Industry-University Cooperation Foundation, Pukyong National University Busan 48513 Republic of Korea
| | - Salwa B Alreshaidan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Saud University P.O. Box 800 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed S Al-Fatesh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Saud University P.O. Box 800 Riyadh 11421 Saudi Arabia +966-537228108
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15
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Ganie MA, Fayaz F, Bhat MUS, Rizvi MA, Raheem S, Shah BA. Visible-Light-Mediated Synthesis of N-Acyl- N,O-hemiacetals from Terminal Alkynes: Access to N,N-, N,S-, and N,O-Acetals. Org Lett 2023; 25:8234-8239. [PMID: 37962336 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
A mild electron donor-acceptor complex-mediated approach for the synthesis of N-acyl-N,O-hemiacetals has been reported. The key feature of this protocol is that it allows for direct access to electrophilic N-acylimines at room temperature without prefunctionalization of the hydroxyl group. The in situ generated N-acylimine can react with different nucleophiles, viz., alcohols, thiols, and nitriles, to afford a diverse range of scaffolds such as N,O-, N,S-, and N,N-acetals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Ahmad Ganie
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
- Natural Product & Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu-180001, India
| | - Faheem Fayaz
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
- Natural Product & Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu-180001, India
| | - Muneer-Ul-Shafi Bhat
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
- Natural Product & Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu-180001, India
| | | | - Shabnam Raheem
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar-190006, India
| | - Bhahwal Ali Shah
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
- Natural Product & Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu-180001, India
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16
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Tang X, Song L, Van der Eycken EV. Post-Ugi Cyclizations Towards Polycyclic N-Heterocycles. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202300095. [PMID: 37218998 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The Ugi reaction has become one of the highly explored reactions for the formation of multifunctional adducts, due to the mild reaction conditions, wide scope and high variability. By carefully selecting the starting four components, Ugi-adducts could undergo different kinds of post-transformations for the synthesis of bioactive heterocycles, natural products and macrocycles. Considering the significance of polycycles, diverse post-Ugi transformations have been developed over the years for constructing structurally novel polycycles. In this account, we summarize important efforts for the synthesis of polycyclic N-heterocycles via post-Ugi cyclizations from the Van der Eycken laboratory onwards 2016. With the aid of transition metal catalysis from gold, rhodium, silver and palladium, as well as metal-free strategies, versatile polyheterocycles are prepared with high efficiency and step-economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Tang
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, 210037, Nanjing, China
| | - Liangliang Song
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 210037, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Erik V Van der Eycken
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC), Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklaya Street 6, 117198, Moscow, Russia
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17
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Manenti M, Gusmini S, Lo Presti L, Molteni G, Silvani A. Enantiopure β-isocyano-boronic esters: synthesis and exploitation in isocyanide-based multicomponent reactions. Mol Divers 2023; 27:2161-2168. [PMID: 36258147 PMCID: PMC10520151 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-022-10549-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Various boron-containing isocyanides have been efficiently synthesized from the corresponding enantiopure β-substituted β-amino boronic acid pinacol esters, without need for protecting group interconversion, through a two-step, purification-free procedure. They were employed in a variety of isocyanide-based multicomponent reactions, proving to be reliable components for all of them and allowing the efficient synthesis of unprecedented, boron-containing peptidomimetics and heteroatom-rich small molecules, including biologically relevant cyclic boronates. Jointing together the β-amido boronic acid moiety, deriving from the isocyanide component, with prominent pharmacophoric rings emerging from the multicomponent process, a successful application of the molecular hybridization concept could be realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Manenti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Gusmini
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Leonardo Lo Presti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Molteni
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Silvani
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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18
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Tahmasebi B, Iraji A, Sherafati M, Moazzam A, Akhlagh SA, Adib M, Mahdavi M. Structure-based drug discovery and antimicrobial activity of ciprofloxacin-grafted Ugi adducts. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:8165-8174. [PMID: 36214687 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2130985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
A new series of ciprofloxacin-derived Ugi adducts were rationally designed and synthesized. The synthesized molecules were explored for their potential antimicrobial activities against four pathogenic microorganisms. Among these derivatives, compound 7h with a 4-nitrophenyl substituent at R2 exhibited significant activity against two tested Gram-positive bacteria with a minimum inhibitory concentration value of 0.097 µg/mL while 7i bearing 4-chlorophenyl pendant demonstrated the best antimicrobial activities against Gram-negative bacteria. Furthermore, the analysis of the structure-activity relationships disclosed that types of substitutions differently affect the bacteria so the most potent derivative against Gram-negative infections was the least active one in Gram-positive microorganisms. Also, the molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulations were executed on 7i as the most potent Gram-negative anti-bacterial agent against ATP-binding sites of DNA gyrase B. Accordingly, our findings suggest that ciprofloxacin-based Ugi adducts are an interesting precursor for the design of potent antimicrobial agents.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnam Tahmasebi
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aida Iraji
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Central Research Laboratory, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maedeh Sherafati
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Moazzam
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mehdi Adib
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdavi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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19
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Zhong CR, Zhang YH, Yao G, Zhu HL, Hu YD, Zeng ZG, Liao CZ, He HT, Luo YT, Xiong J. Synthesis of Imidazo[1,2- a]pyridine-Fused 1,3-Benzodiazepine Derivatives with Anticancer Activity via a One-Pot Cascade GBB-3CR/Pd(II)-Catalyzed Azide-Isocyanide Coupling/Cyclization Process. J Org Chem 2023; 88:13125-13134. [PMID: 37616489 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
A new one-pot synthesis of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-fused 1,3-benzodiazepine derivatives via a sequential GBB-3CR/Pd(II)-catalyzed azide-isocyanide coupling/cyclization process was developed. The Groebke-Blackburn-Bienaymé three-component reactions (GBB-3CR) of 2-aminopyridine, 2-azidobenzaldehydes, and isocyanides in the presence of a catalytic amount of p-toluenesulfonic acid gave azide intermediates without separation. The reaction was followed by using another molecule of isocyanides to produce imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-fused 1,3-benzodiazepine derivatives in good yields by the Pd(II)-catalyzed azide-isocyanide coupling/cyclization reaction. The synthetic approach produces novel nitrogen-fused polycyclic heterocycles under mild reaction conditions. The preliminary biological evaluation demonstrated that compound 6a inhibited glioma cells efficiently, suggesting potentially broad applications of the approach for synthesis and medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Ran Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100 Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Yang-Hong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100 Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Gang Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100 Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Li Zhu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100 Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Yin-Di Hu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100 Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Gang Zeng
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100 Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Chang-Zhou Liao
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100 Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Ting He
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100 Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Ting Luo
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100 Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Jun Xiong
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100 Hubei, P. R. China
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20
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Sheshachala S, Huber B, Schuetzke J, Mikut R, Scharnweber T, Domínguez CM, Mutlu H, Niemeyer CM. Charge controlled interactions between DNA-modified silica nanoparticles and fluorosurfactants in microfluidic water-in-oil droplets. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:3914-3923. [PMID: 37496619 PMCID: PMC10367961 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00124e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic droplets are an important tool for studying and mimicking biological systems, e.g., to examine with high throughput the interaction of biomolecular components and the functionality of natural cells, or to develop basic principles for the engineering of artificial cells. Of particular importance is the approach to generate a biomimetic membrane by supramolecular self-assembly of nanoparticle components dissolved in the aqueous phase of the droplets at the inner water/oil interface, which can serve both to mechanically reinforce the droplets and as an interaction surface for cells and other components. While this interfacial assembly driven by electrostatic interaction of surfactants is quite well developed for water/mineral oil (W/MO) systems, no approaches have yet been described to exploit this principle for water/fluorocarbon oil (W/FO) emulsion droplets. Since W/FO systems exhibit not only better compartmentalization but also gas solubility properties, which is particularly crucial for live cell encapsulation and cultivation, we report here the investigation of charged fluorosurfactants for the self-assembly of DNA-modified silica nanoparticles (SiNP-DNA) at the interface of microfluidic W/FO emulsions. To this end, an efficient multicomponent Ugi reaction was used to synthesize the novel fluorosurfactant M4SURF to study the segregation and accumulation of negatively charged SiNP-DNA at the inner interface of microfluidic droplets. Comparative measurements were performed with the negatively charged fluorosurfactant KRYTOX, which can also induce SiNP-DNA segregation in the presence of cations. The segregation dynamics is characterized and preliminary results of cell encapsulation in the SiNP-DNA functionalized droplets are shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahana Sheshachala
- Institute for Biological Interfaces (IBG 1), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Birgit Huber
- Soft Matter Synthesis Laboratory, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Jan Schuetzke
- Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics (IAI), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Ralf Mikut
- Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics (IAI), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Tim Scharnweber
- Institute for Biological Interfaces (IBG 1), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Carmen M Domínguez
- Institute for Biological Interfaces (IBG 1), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Hatice Mutlu
- Soft Matter Synthesis Laboratory, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Christof M Niemeyer
- Institute for Biological Interfaces (IBG 1), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
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21
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Souii I, Sanhoury MA, Vicario J, Jiménez-Aberásturi X, Efrit ML, M'rabet H, de Los Santos JM. Synthesis and Characterization of a New Series of Bis(allylic-α-aminophosphonates) under Mild Reaction Conditions. Molecules 2023; 28:4678. [PMID: 37375233 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Several bis(α-aminophosphonates) have been conveniently prepared in good yields using a straightforward multicomponent Kabachnik-Fields reaction between ethane 1,2-diamine or propane 1,3-diamine, diethylphosphite and aldehydes under catalyst-free conditions. The nucleophilic substitution reaction of bis(α-aminophosphonates) prepared and ethyl (2-bromomethyl)acrylate under mild reaction conditions afforded an original synthetic approach to a new series of bis(allylic-α-aminophosphonates).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichrak Souii
- Laboratory of Selective Organic & Heterocyclic Synthesis Biological Activity Evaluation (LR17ES01), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Pharmacy and Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
| | - Med Abderrahmane Sanhoury
- Laboratory of Structural Organic Chemistry: Synthesis and Physicochemical Studies, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, El Manar I, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
| | - Javier Vicario
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Pharmacy and Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
| | - Xabier Jiménez-Aberásturi
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Pharmacy and Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
| | - Mohamed L Efrit
- Laboratory of Selective Organic & Heterocyclic Synthesis Biological Activity Evaluation (LR17ES01), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
| | - Hedi M'rabet
- Laboratory of Selective Organic & Heterocyclic Synthesis Biological Activity Evaluation (LR17ES01), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
| | - Jesús M de Los Santos
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Pharmacy and Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria, Spain
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22
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Flores-Reyes JC, Cotlame-Salinas VDC, Ibarra IA, González-Zamora E, Islas-Jácome A. Pseudo-multicomponent reactions. RSC Adv 2023; 13:16091-16125. [PMID: 37260715 PMCID: PMC10228497 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra02746e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Classical multicomponent reactions (MCRs) are domino-type one-pot processes in which three or more different reactants are combined sequentially in the same reactor to synthesize compounds containing all or almost all atoms coming from the reactants. Besides, pseudo-MCRs are also domino-type one-pot processes involving combinations of at least three reactants but in which at least one of them takes part in two or more reaction steps. In consequence, the products synthesized through pseudo-MCRs contain also all or almost all atoms but coming from two or more identical reactants. Thus, pseudo-MCRs differ from classical MCRs because the first ones appear to involve an assembly of a higher number of different components than those that are being truly assembled. However, pseudo-MCRs are also useful synthetic tools to generate libraries of complex compounds in few experimental steps, and although the repeated reactants may make them appear less diverse than classical MCRs, this can be offset by the higher number of reactants that can participate in this type of reaction. Overall, there are two types of pseudo-MCRs. The first are those in which the duplicated reagents participate in different steps of the corresponding reaction mechanism. The second kind of pseudo-MCRs are those in which one or more components react simultaneously with a main reagent containing two or more identical functional groups. These latter are known as repetitive pseudo-MCRs. Thus, the aim of the present review is to cover for the first time selected works mainly published in the last two decades about pseudo-MCRs and their repetitive versions toward the synthesis of novel, complex, and highly symmetrical molecules, often including their interesting applications in various fields of science and technology. The manuscript has been categorized considering the number of reagents participating in the corresponding pseudo-MCRs, aiming to give readers novel insights for their future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio C Flores-Reyes
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa Av. Ferrocarril San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Leyes de Reforma 1A Sección, Iztapalapa Ciudad de México C.P. 09310 Mexico
| | - Vanesa Del C Cotlame-Salinas
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa Av. Ferrocarril San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Leyes de Reforma 1A Sección, Iztapalapa Ciudad de México C.P. 09310 Mexico
| | - Ilich A Ibarra
- Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica y Reactividad de Superficies, (LaFReS), Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Circuito Exterior S/N, CU, Coyoacán Ciudad de México Mexico
| | - Eduardo González-Zamora
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa Av. Ferrocarril San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Leyes de Reforma 1A Sección, Iztapalapa Ciudad de México C.P. 09310 Mexico
| | - Alejandro Islas-Jácome
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa Av. Ferrocarril San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Leyes de Reforma 1A Sección, Iztapalapa Ciudad de México C.P. 09310 Mexico
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23
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Sundaresan R, Dubey SK, Kataria R, Nandi GC. Ni-Catalyzed Mild Synthesis of Sulfonylurea via Tandem Coupling of Sulfonyl Azide, Isocyanide, and Water. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37163612 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
An efficient, mild, and novel route is developed to synthesize sulfonylurea via the nickel-catalyzed tandem coupling of sulfonyl azide, isocyanide, and water in aqueous media. The sulfonyl azide is expected to act as a nitrene precursor, which upon reaction with isocyanide generates carbodiimide. Herein, water acts as a nucleophile and reacts with carbodiimide to deliver the product. The protocol uses an inexpensive nickel catalyst, environmentally friendly water (as the nucleophile), and room temperature and provides products in moderate to good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra Sundaresan
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology-Tiruchirappalli, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu-620015, India
| | - Shivam Kumar Dubey
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology-Tiruchirappalli, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu-620015, India
| | - Ramesh Kataria
- Department of Chemistry & Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Ganesh Chandra Nandi
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology-Tiruchirappalli, Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu-620015, India
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24
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Buskes M, Coffin A, Troast DM, Stein R, Blanco MJ. Accelerating Drug Discovery: Synthesis of Complex Chemotypes via Multicomponent Reactions. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:376-385. [PMID: 37077380 PMCID: PMC10107905 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The generation of multiple bonds in one reaction step has attracted massive interest in drug discovery and development. Multicomponent reactions (MCRs) offer the advantage of combining three or more reagents in a one-pot fashion to effectively yield a synthetic product. This approach significantly accelerates the synthesis of relevant compounds for biological testing. However, there is a perception that this methodology will only produce simple chemical scaffolds with limited use in medicinal chemistry. In this Microperspective, we want to highlight the value of MCRs toward the synthesis of complex molecules characterized by the presence of quaternary and chiral centers. This paper will cover specific examples showing the impact of this technology toward the discovery of clinical compounds and recent breakthroughs to expand the scope of the reactions toward topologically rich molecular chemotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa
J. Buskes
- Atavistik Bio 75 Sidney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Aaron Coffin
- Atavistik Bio 75 Sidney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Dawn M. Troast
- Atavistik Bio 75 Sidney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Rachel Stein
- Atavistik Bio 75 Sidney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Maria-Jesus Blanco
- Atavistik Bio 75 Sidney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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25
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Graziano G, Stefanachi A, Contino M, Prieto-Díaz R, Ligresti A, Kumar P, Scilimati A, Sotelo E, Leonetti F. Multicomponent Reaction-Assisted Drug Discovery: A Time- and Cost-Effective Green Approach Speeding Up Identification and Optimization of Anticancer Drugs. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076581. [PMID: 37047554 PMCID: PMC10095429 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Multicomponent reactions (MCRs) have emerged as a powerful strategy in synthetic organic chemistry due to their widespread applications in drug discovery and development. MCRs are flexible transformations in which three or more substrates react to form structurally complex products with high atomic efficiency. They are being increasingly appreciated as a highly exploratory and evolutionary tool by the medicinal chemistry community, opening the door to more sustainable, cost-effective and rapid synthesis of biologically active molecules. In recent years, MCR-based synthetic strategies have found extensive application in the field of drug discovery, and several anticancer drugs have been synthesized through MCRs. In this review, we present an overview of representative and recent literature examples documenting different approaches and applications of MCRs in the development of new anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Graziano
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy
- Center for Research in Biological Chemistry and Molecular Materials (CiQUS), Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Angela Stefanachi
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Marialessandra Contino
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Rubén Prieto-Díaz
- Center for Research in Biological Chemistry and Molecular Materials (CiQUS), Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alessia Ligresti
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council of Italy, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Poulami Kumar
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council of Italy, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Antonio Scilimati
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Eddy Sotelo
- Center for Research in Biological Chemistry and Molecular Materials (CiQUS), Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Francesco Leonetti
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy
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26
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Volkov A, Mi J, Lalit K, Chatterjee P, Jing D, Carnahan SL, Chen Y, Sun S, Rossini AJ, Huang W, Stanley LM. General Strategy for Incorporation of Functional Group Handles into Covalent Organic Frameworks via the Ugi Reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:6230-6239. [PMID: 36892967 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c12440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
The library of imine-linked covalent organic frameworks (COFs) has grown significantly over the last two decades, featuring a variety of morphologies, pore sizes, and applications. An array of synthetic methods has been developed to expand the scope of the COF functionalities; however, most of these methods were designed to introduce functional scaffolds tailored to a specific application. Having a general approach to diversify COFs via late-stage incorporation of functional group handles would greatly facilitate the transformation of these materials into platforms for a variety of useful applications. Herein, we report a general strategy to introduce functional group handles in COFs via the Ugi multicomponent reaction. To demonstrate the versatility of this approach, we have synthesized two COFs with hexagonal and kagome morphologies. We then introduced azide, alkyne, and vinyl functional groups, which could be readily utilized for a variety of post-synthetic modifications. This facile approach enables the functionalization of any COFs containing imine linkages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Volkov
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- U.S. Department of Energy, Ames National Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Jiashan Mi
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- U.S. Department of Energy, Ames National Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Kanika Lalit
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- U.S. Department of Energy, Ames National Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Puranjan Chatterjee
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- U.S. Department of Energy, Ames National Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Dapeng Jing
- Materials Analysis and Research Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Scott L Carnahan
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- U.S. Department of Energy, Ames National Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Yunhua Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- U.S. Department of Energy, Ames National Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Simin Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- U.S. Department of Energy, Ames National Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Aaron J Rossini
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- U.S. Department of Energy, Ames National Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Wenyu Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- U.S. Department of Energy, Ames National Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Levi M Stanley
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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27
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Mantell MA, Marcaurelle L, Ding Y. One Reaction Served Three Ways: The On-DNA Ugi 4C-3C Reaction for the Formation of Lactams. Org Lett 2023; 25:1241-1245. [PMID: 36802674 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c04043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Developing new on-DNA reactions is paramount to the development of new encoded libraries in the pursuit of novel pharmaceutical lead compounds. Lactam-containing molecules have been shown to be effective in a wide range of therapeutic areas and therefore represent a promising target for further investigation by DNA-encoded library screening. In pursuit of this motif, we report a novel method for the introduction of lactam-containing structures onto a DNA headpiece through the Ugi four-center three-component reaction (4C-3CR). This novel method is successful in three different approaches to give unique on-DNA lactam structures: on-DNA aldehyde coupled with isonitriles and amino acids; on-DNA isonitrile coupled with aldehydes and amino acids; and on-DNA isonitrile coupled with amines and acid aldehydes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Mantell
- Encoded Library Technologies/NCE Molecular Discovery, GSK, 200 Cambridge Park Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - Lisa Marcaurelle
- Encoded Library Technologies/NCE Molecular Discovery, GSK, 200 Cambridge Park Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - Yun Ding
- Encoded Library Technologies/NCE Molecular Discovery, GSK, 200 Cambridge Park Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
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28
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Georgiou N, Gouleni N, Chontzopoulou E, Skoufas GS, Gkionis A, Tzeli D, Vassiliou S, Mavromoustakos T. Structure assignment, conformational properties and discovery of potential targets of the Ugi cinnamic adduct NGI25. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:1253-1266. [PMID: 34963425 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.2017356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The structure assignment and conformational analysis of cinnamic derivative N-benzyl-N-(2-(cyclohexylamino)-2-oxoethyl) cinnamamide (NGI25) was carried out through Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, Molecular Dynamics (MD) and Quantum Mechanics (QM), i.e. semiempirical and Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. Moreover, Homonuclear (COSY, NOESY) and heteronuclear (HSQC, HMBC) experiments were applied to assign its protons and carbons. After structure identification, NGI25 was subjected to computational calculations to reveal its most favorable conformations. In particular, MD studies were performed in two different solvents, DMSO of intermediate polarity and hydrophobic CHCl3. The obtained results suggest that NGI25 adopts similar conformations in both environments. In particular, the two aromatic rings of the molecule reside in spatial vicinity, while they remain quite distant from the cyclohexane. 2D NOESY experiments confirmed the in silico MD and QM calculations. Finally, molecular docking calculations were performed in order to reveal possible enzyme-targets for NGI25. Swiss target module was used to guide the discovery of new targets based on the structure of NGI. Indeed, it was predicted that NGI25 inhibited butyrylcholinesterase (BCHE) and lipoxygenase (LOX). Molecular docking experiments, followed by Molecular Dynamics studies, confirmed the favorable binding of NGI25 to both enzymes.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikitas Georgiou
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Niki Gouleni
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Chontzopoulou
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - George S Skoufas
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasios Gkionis
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Demeter Tzeli
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - Stamatia Vassiliou
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Thomas Mavromoustakos
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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29
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Malatini C, Carbajales C, Luna M, Beltrán O, Amorín M, Masaguer CF, Blanco JM, Barbosa S, Taboada P, Coelho A. 3D-Printing of Capsule Devices as Compartmentalization Tools for Supported Reagents in the Search of Antiproliferative Isatins. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:310. [PMID: 37259453 PMCID: PMC9965165 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of high throughput synthesis methodologies in the generation of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) currently requires the use of automated and easily scalable systems, easy dispensing of supported reagents in solution phase organic synthesis (SPOS), and elimination of purification and extraction steps. The recyclability and recoverability of supported reagents and/or catalysts in a rapid and individualized manner is a challenge in the pharmaceutical industry. This objective can be achieved through a suitable compartmentalization of these pulverulent reagents in suitable devices for it. This work deals with the use of customized polypropylene permeable-capsule devices manufactured by 3D printing, using the fused deposition modeling (FDM) technique, adaptable to any type of flask or reactor. The capsules fabricated in this work were easily loaded "in one step" with polymeric reagents for use as scavengers of isocyanides in the work-up process of Ugi multicomponent reactions or as compartmentalized and reusable catalysts in copper-catalyzed cycloadditions (CuAAC) or Heck palladium catalyzed cross-coupling reactions (PCCCRs). The reaction products are different series of diversely substituted isatins, which were tested in cancerous cervical HeLa and murine 3T3 Balb fibroblast cells, obtaining potent antiproliferative activity. This work demonstrates the applicability of 3D printing in chemical processes to obtain anticancer APIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Malatini
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carlos Carbajales
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Mariángel Luna
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Facultad de Física, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, CP 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Osvaldo Beltrán
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Facultad de Física, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, CP 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Manuel Amorín
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Christian F Masaguer
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José M Blanco
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Silvia Barbosa
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Facultad de Física, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, CP 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Pablo Taboada
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Facultad de Física, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, CP 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alberto Coelho
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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30
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Hooshmand SE, Zhang W. Ugi Four-Component Reactions Using Alternative Reactants. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041642. [PMID: 36838630 PMCID: PMC9961709 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The Ugi four-component reaction (Ugi-4CR) undoubtedly is the most prominent multicomponent reaction (MCRs) that has sparked organic chemists' interest in the field. It has been widely used in the synthesis of diverse heterocycle molecules such as potential drugs, natural product analogs, pseudo peptides, macrocycles, and functional materials. The Ugi-4CRs involve the use of an amine, an aldehyde or ketone, an isocyanide, and a carboxylic acid to produce an α-acetamido carboxamide derivative, which has significantly advanced the field of isocyanide-based MCRs. The so-called intermediate nitrilium ion could be trapped by a nucleophile such as azide, N-hydroxyphthalimide, thiol, saccharin, phenol, water, and hydrogen sulfide instead of the original carboxylic acid to allow for a wide variety of Ugi-type reactions to occur.β In addition to isocyanide, there are alternative reagents for the other three components: amine, isocyanide, and aldehyde or ketone. All these alternative components render the Ugi reaction an aptly diversity-oriented synthesis of a myriad of biologically active molecules and complex scaffolds. Consequently, this review will delve deeper into alternative components used in the Ugi MCRs, particularly over the past ten years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Emad Hooshmand
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physics and Chemistry, Alzahra University, Tehran 1993893973, Iran
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, MA 02125, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-617-287-6147
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31
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Yang ML, Zhao L, Chen HR, Ding MW. Stereoselective Synthesis of 12-Tetrazolyl Substituted ( E)-5 H-Quinazolino[3,2- a]quinazolines via Sequential Ugi-Azide/Staudinger/aza-Wittig/Addition/Ag(I)-Catalyzed Cyclization. J Org Chem 2023; 88:1898-1906. [PMID: 36649062 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A new efficient and stereoselective synthesis of 12-tetrazolyl substituted (E)-5H-quinazolino[3,2-a]quinazolines via sequential Ugi-azide/Staudinger/aza-Wittig/addition/Ag(I)-catalyzed cyclization was developed. The four-component reactions of 2-azidobenzaldehyde, 2-(alkynyl)benzenamine, isocyanide, and trimethylsilyl azide gave Ugi-azide intermediates, which were subsequently treated with triphenylphosphine and isocyanate to produce 12-tetrazolyl substituted (E)-5H-quinazolino[3,2-a]quinazolines in the presence of Ag(I) catalyst and K2CO3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Lin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Long Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Hao-Ran Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Wu Ding
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
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32
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Salami SA, Smith VJ, Krause RWM. N-Formamide as a carbonyl precursor in the catalytic synthesis of Passerini adducts under aqua and mechanochemical conditions. RSC Adv 2023; 13:4019-4031. [PMID: 36756572 PMCID: PMC9890950 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06189a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A new simple, efficient, and environmentally friendly protocol is presented for the catalytic synthesis of α-acyloxycarboxamides using N-formamides as a carbonyl precursor under aqua and mechanochemical conditions. Immobilized sulfuric acid on silica gel was employed for the synthesis of desired products, via the reaction of benzoic acid, 1-napthylisocyanide and various heterocyclic N-formamides. After a careful optimization of the reaction conditions, the desired Passerini products were obtained in high to excellent yields in short reaction times (10-30 min) at room temperature. The highly efficient and environmentally friendly method provides a facile access to a library of α-acyloxycarboxamides derivatives for future research on bioactivity screening.
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33
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Ayoup MS, Mansour AF, Abdel-Hamid H. 4-( N-Phthalimido)phenyl Isonitrile as a Novel Convertible Isocyanide Analogue with the Odorless Property as an Extra Bonus. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:3298-3302. [PMID: 36713726 PMCID: PMC9878648 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We explored a new isonitrile, namely 4-(N-phthalimido)phenyl isonitrile, with extraordinary features. The novel isocyanide has a pharmacophore, the phthalimido (Pht) group, that possesses promising pharmaceutical activities. We found that the novel isonitrile is unexpectedly odorless as an extra bonus which makes its handling easy in organic synthesis to serve as a scaffold for building several new amide derivatives through multicomponent reactions, overcoming the stink of common aromatic isonitriles such as phenyl isonitrile, benzyl isonitrile, p-nitrophenyl isonitrile, and ethyl 4-isocyano benzoate. The novel isonitrile 9 serves as a source of N-protected isonitrile with a Pht group, where the Pht group can be easily removed via hydrazinolysis, affording the corresponding primary amine/alcohol scaffold which could be used as a precursor to synthesize Passerini products via acylation directly to afford Passerini adducts 14 and 15 without carrying out the traditional Passerini three-component reaction; this new isonitrile is considered as a novel convertible isocyanide analogue.
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34
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Yousefnejad F, Iraji A, Sabourian R, Moazzam A, Tasharoie S, Sara Mirfazli S, Zomorodian K, Alireza Akhlagh S, Hosseini S, Larijani B, Tehrani MB, Hajimahmoodi M, Mahdavi M. Ugi Bis-Amide Derivatives as Tyrosinase Inhibitor; Synthesis, Biology Assessment, and in Silico Analysis. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202200607. [PMID: 36538729 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Herein, a straightforward synthetic strategy mediated by Ugi reaction was developed to synthesize novel series of compounds as tyrosinase inhibitors. The structures of all compounds were confirmed by FT-IR, 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR, and CHNOS techniques. The tyrosinase inhibitory activities of all synthesized derivatives 5a-m were determined against mushroom tyrosinase and it was found that derivative 5c possesses the best inhibition with an IC50 value of 69.53±0.042 μM compared to the rest of the synthesized derivatives. Structure-activity relationships (SARs) showed that the presence of 4-MeO or 4-NO2 at the R2 position plays a key role in tyrosinase inhibitory activities. The enzyme kinetics studies showed that compound 5c is an noncompetitive inhibitor. For in silico study, the allosteric site detection was first applied to find the appropriate binding site and then molecular docking and molecular dynamic studies were performed to reveal the position and interactions of 5c as the most potent inhibitor within the tyrosinase active site. The results showed that 5c bind well with the proposed binding site and formed a stable complex with the target protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faeze Yousefnejad
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aida Iraji
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Central Research Laboratory, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Sabourian
- Drug and Food Control Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Moazzam
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Tasharoie
- Drug and Food Control Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Sara Mirfazli
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamiar Zomorodian
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Samensadst Hosseini
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Barazandeh Tehrani
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mannan Hajimahmoodi
- Drug and Food Control Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdavi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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35
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Gu Q, Cheng Z, Qiu X, Zeng X. Recent Advances in the Electrochemical Functionalization of Isocyanides. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202200177. [PMID: 36126178 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Isocyanides are well-known as efficient CO surrogates and C1 synthons in modern organic synthesis. Although tremendous efforts have been devoted to fully exploiting the reactivity of isocyanides, these transformations are primarily limited by their utilization of stoichiometric toxic chemical oxidants. With the recent resurgence of organic electrochemistry, which has considerably laid dormant over the past several decades, electrolysis has been identified as a green and powerful tool to enrich structural diversity by solely utilizing electric current as clean and inherently safe redox equivalents of stoichiometric chemical oxidants. In this regard, the unique reactivity of isocyanides has been studied in numerous electrochemical transformations. This review comprehensively highlights the most relevant progress in electrochemical strategies towards the functionalization of isocyanides up until June of 2022, with a focus on reaction outcomes and mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyun Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, PR China
| | - Zhenfeng Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, PR China
| | - Xiaobao Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, PR China
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36
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Paramonova P, Lebedev R, Bakulina O, Dar'in D, Krasavin M. In situ generation of imines by the Staudinger/aza-Wittig tandem reaction combined with thermally induced Wolff rearrangement for one-pot three-component β-lactam synthesis. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:9679-9683. [PMID: 36412083 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01852g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A new efficient protocol for diastereoselective three-component one-pot lactam synthesis involving the in situ generation of imines via the Staudinger/aza-Wittig tandem reaction combined with the Wolff-rearrangement and ketene-imine cycloaddition was developed to produce a series of 24 novel structurally diverse β-lactam- or 1,3-oxazine-products. It was shown that this synthesis can be performed both as a two step-procedure and true MCR with simultaneous loading of all reactants. The intramolecular version of the 1st step provided facile access to seven-membered cyclic imines, which allowed further preparation of a series of rare tricyclic β-lactams. For the intermolecular version of the 1st step (acyclic imine generation), it was shown that the outcome of the synthesis is different from that using pre-synthesized and isolated imines. Additionally, this is the first example of the implementation of the Staudinger/aza-Wittig tandem reaction for the preparation of four-membered heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina Paramonova
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia.
| | - Rodion Lebedev
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia.
| | - Olga Bakulina
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia.
| | - Dmitry Dar'in
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia.
| | - Mikhail Krasavin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia. .,Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad 236041, Russia
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37
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Sun BB, Liu K, Gao Q, Fang W, Lu S, Wang CR, Yao CZ, Cao HQ, Yu J. Enantioselective Ugi and Ugi-azide reactions catalyzed by anionic stereogenic-at-cobalt(III) complexes. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7065. [PMID: 36400776 PMCID: PMC9674650 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34887-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ugi reactions and related variations are proven to be atom and step-economic strategies for construction of highly valuable peptide-like skeletons and nitrogenous heterocycles. The development of structurally diverse range of novel catalytic systems and the discovery of new approaches to accommodate a broader scope of terminating reagents for asymmetric Ugi four-component reaction is still in high demand. Here, we report a strategy that enables enantioselective Ugi four-component and Ugi-azide reactions employing anionic stereogenic-at-cobalt(III) complexes as catalysts. The key nitrilium intermediates, generated through the nucleophilic addition of isocyanides to the chiral ion-pair which consists of stereogenic-at-cobalt(III) complexes counteranion and a protonated iminium, are trapped by either carboxylic acids or in situ-generated hydrazoic acid, delivering α-acylamino amides and α-aminotetrazoles in good to excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99:1 e.r.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Bing Sun
- grid.411389.60000 0004 1760 4804Department of Applied Chemistry, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036 China
| | - Kun Liu
- grid.411389.60000 0004 1760 4804Department of Applied Chemistry, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036 China
| | - Quan Gao
- grid.411389.60000 0004 1760 4804School of Plant Protection, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036 China
| | - Wei Fang
- grid.411389.60000 0004 1760 4804Department of Applied Chemistry, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036 China
| | - Shuang Lu
- grid.411389.60000 0004 1760 4804Department of Applied Chemistry, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036 China
| | - Chun-Ru Wang
- grid.411389.60000 0004 1760 4804Department of Applied Chemistry, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036 China
| | - Chuan-Zhi Yao
- grid.411389.60000 0004 1760 4804Department of Applied Chemistry, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036 China
| | - Hai-Qun Cao
- grid.411389.60000 0004 1760 4804School of Plant Protection, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036 China
| | - Jie Yu
- grid.411389.60000 0004 1760 4804Department of Applied Chemistry, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036 China ,grid.411389.60000 0004 1760 4804School of Plant Protection, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036 China
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38
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Köhler LF, Reich S, Yusenko M, Klempnauer KH, Shaikh AH, Ahmed K, Begemann G, Schobert R, Biersack B. A New Naphthopyran Derivative Combines c-Myb Inhibition, Microtubule-Targeting Effects, and Antiangiogenic Properties. ACS Med Chem Lett 2022; 13:1783-1790. [PMID: 36385941 PMCID: PMC9661705 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.2c00403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the promising c-Myb inhibitor 1b, a series of 2-amino-4-aryl-4H-naphtho[1,2-b]pyran-3-carbonitriles (1a, 2a-q, 3a-g) were repurposed or newly synthesized via a three-component reaction of 1-naphthol, and various aryl aldehydes and malononitrile and screened for their c-Myb inhibitory activities. 1b also served as a lead compound for seven new naphthopyran derivatives (3a-f), which were cytotoxic with nanomolar IC50 values, to inhibit the polymerization of tubulin, and to destabilize microtubules in living cells. Especially, the alkyne 3f, originally made for intracellular localization studies using click chemistry, showed an overall high activity in all assays performed. A strong G2/M cell cycle arrest was detected, which resulted in a distinct increase in sub-G1 cells through the induction of effector caspases 3 and 7. Inhibition of angiogenesis was confirmed in vitro and in vivo. In summary, 3f was found to be a pleiotropic compound with high selectivity for cancer cells, combining c-Myb inhibitory, microtubule destabilizing, and antiangiogenic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonhard
H. F. Köhler
- Organic
Chemistry Laboratory, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Sebastian Reich
- Organic
Chemistry Laboratory, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Maria Yusenko
- Institute
for Biochemistry, Westfälische-Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 2, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Klempnauer
- Institute
for Biochemistry, Westfälische-Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 2, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Amin H. Shaikh
- Department
of Chemistry & Post Graduate Research Center, Abeda Inamdar Senior College, Camp, Pune 411001, India
| | - Khursheed Ahmed
- Department
of Chemistry & Post Graduate Research Center, Abeda Inamdar Senior College, Camp, Pune 411001, India
| | - Gerrit Begemann
- Developmental
Biology, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Rainer Schobert
- Organic
Chemistry Laboratory, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Bernhard Biersack
- Organic
Chemistry Laboratory, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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39
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Pokhodylo NT, Тupychak MA, Goreshnik EA, Obushak MD. The Synthesis of Novel 7-(Substituted benzyl)-4,5-dihydro[1,2,3]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-6(7H)-ones via Tandem Ugi–Huisgen Reactions. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1751382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
AbstractA convenient method for the synthesis of 2-azido-3-arylpropanoic acids via the Meerwein halogenoarylation reaction of acrylic acid esters with diazonium salts, subsequent nucleophilic substitution of the halogen by an azide, and saponification is developed. The newly formed 2-azido-3-arylpropanoic acids react under the conditions of non-catalytic four-component Ugi reactions, leading to the formation of α-azidoamides in good yields. The use of propargylamine as the amine component allows the formation of Ugi adducts with azide and acetylene motifs ready for intramolecular 1,3-dipolar Huisgen cycloaddition to give the [1,2,3]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrazine annulated system. The Ugi reaction is found to give 2-azido-3-aryl-N-(2-oxo-1,2-disubstituted ethyl)-N-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)propanamides at room temperature without azide–alkyne cycloaddition. These dipeptides are converted into 4,5-dihydro[1,2,3]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-6(7H)-ones in near quantitative yields by heating in toluene. However, when the Ugi reaction is carried out by heating, it results in a one-pot Ugi–Huisgen tandem reaction leading to 4,5-dihydro[1,2,3]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-6(7H)-ones in excellent yields. Moreover, the possibility of the incorporation of a bromovinyl fragment (the synthetic equivalent of an acetylene fragment) via the aldehyde component of the Ugi reaction is demonstrated in an alternative preparation of the [1,2,3]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrazine system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mykola A. Тupychak
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv
| | | | - Mykola D. Obushak
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv
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40
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Bhela I, Ranza A, Balestrero FC, Serafini M, Aprile S, Di Martino RMC, Condorelli F, Pirali T. A Versatile and Sustainable Multicomponent Platform for the Synthesis of Protein Degraders: Proof-of-Concept Application to BRD4-Degrading PROTACs. J Med Chem 2022; 65:15282-15299. [PMID: 36323630 PMCID: PMC9706574 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The use of small molecules to induce targeted protein degradation is increasingly growing in the drug discovery landscape, and protein degraders have progressed rapidly through the pipelines. Despite the advances made so far, their synthesis still represents a significant burden and new approaches are highly demanded. Herein we report an unprecedented platform that leverages the modular nature of both multicomponent reactions and degraders to enable the preparation of highly decorated PROTACs. As a proof of principle, our platform has been applied to the preparation of potential BRD4-degrading PROTACs, resulting in the discovery of a set of degraders endowed with high degradation efficiency. Compared to the existing methods, our approach offers a versatile and cost-effective means to access libraries of protein degraders and increase the chance of identifying successful candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene
Preet Bhela
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Università degli Studi
del Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Alice Ranza
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Università degli Studi
del Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Federica Carolina Balestrero
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Università degli Studi
del Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | | | - Silvio Aprile
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Università degli Studi
del Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Rita Maria Concetta Di Martino
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Università degli Studi
del Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Condorelli
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Università degli Studi
del Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Tracey Pirali
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Università degli Studi
del Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
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41
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A Versatile Class of 1,4,4-Trisubstituted Piperidines Block Coronavirus Replication In Vitro. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15081021. [PMID: 36015168 PMCID: PMC9416004 DOI: 10.3390/ph15081021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a clear need for novel antiviral concepts to control SARS-CoV-2 infection. Based on the promising anti-coronavirus activity observed for a class of 1,4,4-trisubstituted piperidines, we here conducted a detailed analysis of the structure–activity relationship of these structurally unique inhibitors. Despite the presence of five points of diversity, the synthesis of an extensive series of analogues was readily achieved by Ugi four-component reaction from commercially available reagents. After evaluating 63 analogues against human coronavirus 229E, four of the best molecules were selected and shown to have micromolar activity against SARS-CoV-2. Since the action point was situated post virus entry and lying at the stage of viral polyprotein processing and the start of RNA synthesis, enzymatic assays were performed with CoV proteins involved in these processes. While no inhibition was observed for SARS-CoV-2 nsp12-nsp7-nsp8 polymerase, nsp14 N7-methyltransferase and nsp16/nsp10 2’-O-methyltransferase, nor the nsp3 papain-like protease, the compounds clearly inhibited the nsp5 main protease (Mpro). Although the inhibitory activity was quite modest, the plausibility of binding to the catalytic site of Mpro was established by in silico studies. Therefore, the 1,4,4-trisubstituted piperidines appear to represent a novel class of non-covalent CoV Mpro inhibitors that warrants further optimization and development.
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42
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Multicomponent Reactions for the Synthesis of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15081009. [PMID: 36015157 PMCID: PMC9416173 DOI: 10.3390/ph15081009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Multicomponent reactions 9i.e., those that engage three or more starting materials to form a product that contains significant fragments of all of them), have been widely employed in the construction of compound libraries, especially in the context of diversity-oriented synthesis. While relatively less exploited, their use in target-oriented synthesis offers significant advantages in terms of synthetic efficiency. This review provides a critical summary of the use of multicomponent reactions for the preparation of active pharmaceutical principles.
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43
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Abietic, maleopimaric and quinopimaric dipeptide Ugi-4CR derivatives and their potency against influenza A and SARS-CoV-2. Nat Prod Res 2022; 37:1954-1960. [PMID: 35975755 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2112040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A set of 12 abietane diterpene derivatives have been synthesised by the Ugi-four component reaction (Ugi-4CR) and tested for cytotoxicity and activity against influenza virus A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1) and SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus. Five dipeptide derivatives demonstrated a selectivity index (SI) higher than 10 and IC50 values from 2 to 32 μM against influenza virus. Compound 11 was found to be a lead with SI of 200, and time-of-addition experiments showed the viral entry into the cell and the binding of the virus to the receptor as a possible target. Compound 7 was the only one showed weak anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity with EC50 value of 80.96 µM. Taken together, our data suggest the potency of diterpene acids-Ugi products as new effective anti-influenza compounds.
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44
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Carvalho MHR, Ribeiro JPRS, De Castro PP, Passos STA, Neto BAD, Dos Santos HF, Amarante GW. Solvent Dependent Competitive Mechanisms for the Ugi Multicomponent Reaction: A Joint Theoretical and Experimental Study in the α-Acyl Aminocarboxamides vs α-Amino Amidines Formation. J Org Chem 2022; 87:11007-11020. [PMID: 35926126 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A synthetic protocol for the preparation of α-acyl aminocarboxamides and α-amino amidines is proposed. The selectivity toward each of these two possible products was tuned by simple modifications of the reaction conditions. A broad scope is presented, allowing access to the desired products in up to 87% (Ugi adduct) and 93% (α-amino amidine). Theoretical calculations were carried out, and the analysis led to the proposal of a new mechanistic pathway for the Ugi reaction, in which methanol acts not only as the solvent but also as a reagent. High-resolution (tandem) mass spectrometry experiments allowed the detection and characterization of the key intermediate associated with this new and alternative reaction pathway, thus supporting the theoretical proposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo H R Carvalho
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Campus Martelos, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais 36036-900, Brazil
| | - João P R S Ribeiro
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Campus Martelos, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais 36036-900, Brazil
| | - Pedro P De Castro
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Campus Martelos, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais 36036-900, Brazil
| | - Saulo T A Passos
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, University of Brasília, Chemistry Institute (IQ-UnB), Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, Distrito Federal 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Brenno A D Neto
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry, University of Brasília, Chemistry Institute (IQ-UnB), Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, Distrito Federal 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Hélio F Dos Santos
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Campus Martelos, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais 36036-900, Brazil
| | - Giovanni W Amarante
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Campus Martelos, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais 36036-900, Brazil
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45
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Bagheri M, Mohammadsaeed S, Gholamzadeh P. Annulation of the Ugi Products Using Palladium Catalysts. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202104520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maedeh Bagheri
- Department of Physics and Chemistry Alzahra University, Vanak Square Tehran Iran
| | - Shirin Mohammadsaeed
- Department of Physics and Chemistry Alzahra University, Vanak Square Tehran Iran
| | - Parisa Gholamzadeh
- Young Researchers and Elites Club Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran
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46
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Anugu N, Thunga S, Poshala S, Kokatla HP. N-Oxide-Induced Ugi Reaction: A Rapid Access to Quinoline-C2-amino Amides via Deoxygenative C(sp 2)-H Functionalization. J Org Chem 2022; 87:10435-10440. [PMID: 35849086 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A logic-based replacement of the carboxylic acid component of the Ugi reaction by quinoline N-oxides has been developed. In this approach, the carboxylic isostere, quinoline N-oxide, plays a vital role by shifting the equilibria toward the product side with irreversible addition onto the C2-position of the N-oxide. Thus, aldehydes react with amines, isocyanides, and quinoline N-oxides to furnish quinoline four-component Ugi adducts. The unique reactivity of N-oxides with Ugi components opens an efficient synthetic route for the preparation of biologically active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveenkumar Anugu
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Warangal Warangal, Telangana-506004, India
| | - Sanjeeva Thunga
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Warangal Warangal, Telangana-506004, India
| | - Soumya Poshala
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Warangal Warangal, Telangana-506004, India
| | - Hari Prasad Kokatla
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Warangal Warangal, Telangana-506004, India
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47
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Recent developments in promiscuous enzymatic reactions for carbon-nitrogen bond formation. Bioorg Chem 2022; 127:106014. [PMID: 35841668 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Biocatalytic promiscuity is a new field of enzyme application in biochemistry, which has received much attention and has developed rapidly in recent years. The promiscuous biocatalysis has been promoted as a useful supplement to traditional strategy for the formation of C-heteroatom bonds. The generation of carbon-nitrogen (CN) bonds is an important issue in synthetic chemistry and is indispensable for the manufacturing of various pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. Therefore, numerous efficient and reliable synthetic methods for the formation of CN bonds have been developed in recent years. Enzymatic CN bond forming reactions catalyzed by lipases, cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, glycosyltransferases, amine dehydrogenases, proteases, acylases, amylases and halohydrin dehalogenases are well established for synthetic purposes. This review introduces the recent progress in the construction of CN bonds using promiscuous enzymes.
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48
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Liu B, Gao J, Hao A, Xing P. Four-Component Ugi Reaction for Optical Chirality Sensing and Surface Nanoengineering of Chiral Self-Assemblies. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200682. [PMID: 35411957 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Using green chemistry to control chirality at hierarchical levels as well as chiroptical activities endows with new opportunities to the development of multiple functions. Here, the four-component Ugi reaction is introduced for the general and precise optical chirality sensing of amines as well as the surface nanoengineering of chiral soft self-assemblies. To overcome the relatively weak Cotton effects, direct synthesis of a folded peptide structure on a rotatable ferrocene core with axial chirality was accomplished from chiral amine, 1,1'-ferrocenyl dicarboxylic acid, formaldehyde and isocyanide. Enhanced Cotton effects benefiting from the folded structure allow for the precise and quantitative sensing of natural and synthetic chiral amines covering alkyl, aromatic amines and amino acid derivatives. In addition, aqueous reaction enables the modification of amine-bearing dye to microfibers self-assembled from π-conjugated amino acids. Surface dye-modification via Ugi reaction barely changes the pristine morphology, showing non-invasive properties in contrast to dye staining, which is applicable in soft nano/microarchitectures from self-assembly. This work which combines the four-component Ugi reaction to enable precise ee% detection and surface nanoengineering of soft chiral assemblies sheds light on the advanced application of green chemistry to chirality science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education and, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Junjie Gao
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education and, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Aiyou Hao
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education and, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Pengyao Xing
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Ministry of Education and, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
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49
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Neto BAD, Eberlin MN, Sherwood J. Solvent Screening Is Not Solvent Effect: A Review on the Most Neglected Aspect of Multicomponent Reactions. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brenno A D. Neto
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Technological Chemistry University of Brasília Chemistry Institute (IQ-UnB), Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília Distrito Federal 70904-900 Brazil
| | - Marcos N. Eberlin
- School of Material Engineering and Nanotechnology MackMass Laboratory Mackenzie Presbyterian University São Paulo SP 01302-907 Brazil
| | - James Sherwood
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence Department of Chemistry University of York Heslington North Yorkshire YO10 5DD UK
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50
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Zhang L, Isselstein M, Köhler J, Eleftheriadis N, Huisjes NM, Guirao-Ortiz M, Narducci A, Smit JH, Stoffels J, Harz H, Leonhardt H, Herrmann A, Cordes T. Linker Molecules Convert Commercial Fluorophores into Tailored Functional Probes during Biolabelling. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202112959. [PMID: 35146855 PMCID: PMC9305292 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202112959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Many life‐science techniques and assays rely on selective labeling of biological target structures with commercial fluorophores that have specific yet invariant properties. Consequently, a fluorophore (or dye) is only useful for a limited range of applications, e.g., as a label for cellular compartments, super‐resolution imaging, DNA sequencing or for a specific biomedical assay. Modifications of fluorophores with the goal to alter their bioconjugation chemistry, photophysical or functional properties typically require complex synthesis schemes. We here introduce a general strategy that allows to customize these properties during biolabelling with the goal to introduce the fluorophore in the last step of biolabelling. For this, we present the design and synthesis of ‘linker’ compounds, that bridge biotarget, fluorophore and a functional moiety via well‐established labeling protocols. Linker molecules were synthesized via the Ugi four‐component reaction (Ugi‐4CR) which facilitates a modular design of linkers with diverse functional properties and bioconjugation‐ and fluorophore attachment moieties. To demonstrate the possibilities of different linkers experimentally, we characterized the ability of commercial fluorophores from the classes of cyanines, rhodamines, carbopyronines and silicon‐rhodamines to become functional labels on different biological targets in vitro and in vivo via thiol‐maleimide chemistry. With our strategy, we showed that the same commercial dye can become a photostable self‐healing dye or a sensor for bivalent ions subject to the linker used. Finally, we quantified the photophysical performance of different self‐healing linker–fluorophore conjugates and demonstrated their applications in super‐resolution imaging and single‐molecule spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Physical and Synthetic Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Großhadernerstr. 2-4, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.,Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Michael Isselstein
- Physical and Synthetic Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Großhadernerstr. 2-4, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jens Köhler
- (DWI) Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52056, Aachen, Germany.,& Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, (RWTH) Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nikolaos Eleftheriadis
- Molecular Microscopy Research Group, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nadia M Huisjes
- Physical and Synthetic Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Großhadernerstr. 2-4, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.,Molecular Microscopy Research Group, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Miguel Guirao-Ortiz
- Human Biology & Bioimaging, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Großhadernerstr. 2-4, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Alessandra Narducci
- Physical and Synthetic Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Großhadernerstr. 2-4, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jochem H Smit
- Molecular Microscopy Research Group, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Janko Stoffels
- (DWI) Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52056, Aachen, Germany.,& Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, (RWTH) Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Hartmann Harz
- Human Biology & Bioimaging, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Großhadernerstr. 2-4, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Heinrich Leonhardt
- Human Biology & Bioimaging, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Großhadernerstr. 2-4, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Andreas Herrmann
- (DWI) Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52056, Aachen, Germany.,& Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, (RWTH) Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thorben Cordes
- Physical and Synthetic Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Großhadernerstr. 2-4, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.,Molecular Microscopy Research Group, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
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